Molecular characterization of four giant gourami strains from Java and Sumatra

Abstract

Nuryanto A, Amalia G, Khairani D, Pramono H, Bhagawati D. 2018. Molecular characterization of four giant gourami strains from Java and Sumatra. Biodiversitas 19: 528-534. Giant gourami (Osprhonemus goramy) are widely distibuted across Indonesia, such Java, Sumatra, and Kalimatan which lead to the emerge of various gourami strains due to morphological differences. However, no scientific data about the relationship between morphological and genetic differences among strains. This research aimed to obtain information on molecular characteristics of four giant gourami strains from Java and Sumatra based on partial sequences of cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene. This information is vital to strengthen their taxonomic status. Caudal fin clips were sampled from each strain. Nucleotide sequencing was performed using bigdye terminator tehcnique. Pairwise Fst comparison was carried out using arlequin software, whereas sequences of divergence analysis was performed in DnaSP software. Homology of the sequences were checked with previous published data available in Boldsystem data base. Homology test resulted in 98.79 to 100% similarity to the previous published sequences. This means that all strains belonged to single species, i.e. Osphronemus goramy. This placement was supported by low-level of genetic divergences among strains. Although they have low-level genetic divergences, this value is suitable to separate each strain clearly as indicated by pairwise Fst comparison analysis and AMOVA, which showed differences among strains. However, phylogenetic tree shows that all stains formed a monopyletic group with boostratp value of 100. Phylogenetic analysis supports the placement of all strains into a single species that is O. guramy. Those morphological differences are also reflected in their genetic character, except for Tambago and Oranye strains.

Genetic Homogenity of Commerson’s Anchovy (Stolephorus commersonnii) in Segara Anakan Cilacap Central Java Inferred from PCR-RFLP Markers

“…This uniqueness leads to different size when it is amplified from different species. Our result showed similar case to several previous studies where different length of the COI gene PCR products were resulted from different fish species (Nuryanto et al, 2018;Barbuto et al, 2010).…”

Survey on egg and fry production of giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy): Current rearing practices and recommendations for future research

“…It can be difficult to characterize the different strains of giant gourami reared in Indonesia because their vernacular names vary according to localities. Currently, more research is being conducted to improve strain characterization (Azrita & Syandri, ; Nuryanto, Amalia, Khairani, Pramono, & Bhagawati, ). Interviewed farmers ( n = 38) reported that they own between one and four different strains of broodfish.…”

“…In the Bogor district, the situation is more complex. Although there is a dominant strain called “Bastar” (Nuryanto et al, ) used by 68% of farmers ( n = 15), other strains coexist and are used in variable proportions.…”

Barcoding of Fin Clip Samples Revealed High Exploitation of Plectropomus leopardus in Spermonde Archipelago

“…The power of this gene as a species barcode marker because it is changeable enough (Nuryanto et al, 2007;Nuryanto and Kochzius, 2009) due to its high mutation rate which is higher compared to other mitochondrial genome (Hebert et al, 2003). Clear separation of different species and above species category was also reported in fish larvae (Nuryanto et al, 2017), or even among strain within species (Nuryanto et al, 2018).…”

“…These observed high values of inter-species genetic divergences are common phenomena. Several studies also reported high genetic divergences among species in various animal groups, such as in fish (Peg et al, 2006;Pereira et al, 2013;Nuryanto et al, 2017;Nuryanto et al, 2018); and Crustacea (Barber et al, 2002).…”