Molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis isolates from domestic ferrets

Faecal samples from 162 wild animals were collected from 32 distinct sites of Łęczyńsko-Włodawskie Lakeland (eastern Poland). The presence of Giardia duodenalis (Stiles, 1902) was assessed by a Direct Fluorescence Assay (DFA) and by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing of a fragment of the beta-giardin gene. DFA showed the presence of cysts of G. duodenalis in 12 of 162 faecal samples (7%), namely in four wild boars (15%), four foxes (19%), two roe deer (4%), and two wolves (29%). PCR identified 34 of the 162 (21%) samples as positive, including 11 wild boars (41%), five red deer (18%), 11 roe deer (23%), four moose (17%), two wolves (29%) and a single sample from the European badger. Thus, PCR detected a significantly higher number of infection than DFA (P = 0.0005). However, 14 of 34 PCR products could not be sequenced because of their insufficient amount; the low number of cysts, poor conservation of the faeces or presence of PCR inhibitors may have contributed to weak DNA amplification. Sequence analysis of the remaining 20 products showed the presence of assemblage B in wild boars, red deer and roe deer, whereas samples from wolves were identified as assemblage D. This is the first detection of assemblage B in wild boars and deer. As assemblage B has zoonotic potential, wild animals from eastern Poland may act as reservoirs of cysts of G. duodenalis infectious for humans.

show abstract

“…The presence of assemblage A has been reported previously in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo Linnaeus) in Japan (Abe et al 2010). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Prevalence and molecular typing of Giardia duodenalis in wildlife from eastern Poland

Stojecki

Sroka

Cacciò

et al. 2015

Folia Parasitologica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a more recent study from Italy, however, all 20 isolates characterized belonged to assemblage E (285). In other domestic pets, assemblage B was found in one rabbit each in China and Sweden (154,249), and assemblage A was found in three ferrets in Japan (3,4). MLG analysis of the three ferret isolates suggested that they might belong to two host-adapted assemblage A subtypes (4).…”

Section: Molecular Epidemiology Of Giardiasis Molecular Epidemiology mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Potential and Molecular Epidemiology ofGiardiaSpecies and Giardiasis

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Molecular diagnostic tools have been used recently in assessing the taxonomy, zoonotic potential, and transmission of Giardia species and giardiasis in humans and animals. The results of these studies have firmly established giardiasis as a zoonotic disease, although host adaptation at the genotype and subtype levels has reduced the likelihood of zoonotic transmission. These studies have also identified variations in the distribution of Giardia duodenalis genotypes among geographic areas and between domestic and wild ruminants and differences in clinical manifestations and outbreak potentials of assemblages A and B. Nevertheless, our efforts in characterizing the molecular epidemiology of giardiasis and the roles of various animals in the transmission of human giardiasis are compromised by the lack of case-control and longitudinal cohort studies and the sampling and testing of humans and animals living in the same community, the frequent occurrence of infections with mixed genotypes and subtypes, and the apparent heterozygosity at some genetic loci for some G. duodenalis genotypes. With the increased usage of multilocus genotyping tools, the development of next-generation subtyping tools, the integration of molecular analysis in epidemiological studies, and an improved understanding of the population genetics of G. duodenalis in humans and animals, we should soon have a better appreciation of the molecular epidemiology of giardiasis, the disease burden of zoonotic transmission, the taxonomy status and virulences of various G. duodenalis genotypes, and the ecology of environmental contamination.

show abstract

“…One of the main tools to study genetic variation of different populations of Giardia is the molecular characterization based on multiple loci. Recent molecular analysis of Giardia isolates at the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), triose phosphate isomerase (tpi), and beta-giardin (bg) genes indicate a high degree of genetic variability within both assemblages A and B, and subassemblages have been described within them (Abe et al 2010;Cacciò et al 2008;Levecke et al 2009;Wielinga and Thompson 2007). These studies may enhance our understanding of the different pathways of transmission and the importance of animals as reservoirs for human giardiasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…G. lamblia, Giardia intestinalis), G. agilis, G. muris, G, psittaci, G. ardeae, and G. microti, distinguished on the basis of the morphology and ultrastructure of their trophozoites (Sprong et al 2009). In any case, it is well established that G. duodenalis is a species complex composed of at least seven distinct genetic groups, referred as assemblages A to G (Abe et al 2010;Beck et al 2011;Lasek-Nesselquist et al 2009;Lebbad et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and genetic characterization of Giardia duodenalis from captive nonhuman primates by multi-locus sequence analysis

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Giardia is the most common enteric protozoan that can be pathogenic to both humans and animals. Transmission can be direct through the faecal-oral route, or through ingestion of contaminated water or food. Genetic characterization of Giardia duodenalis isolates has demonstrated the existence of seven groups (assemblages A to G) which differ in their host distribution. Assemblages A and B are present in humans and other primates, dogs, cats, rodents, and other species of wild mammals, but the role of the different host animals in the epidemiology of human infection remains unclear. With this preliminary data, we can infer that nonhuman primates (NHP) might be a potential reservoir for zoonotic transmission. This research paper discusses the presence of Giardia in nonhuman primates housed in two Spanish zoological gardens (located in Valencia and Madrid). Twenty faecal samples obtained from 16 different species of NHP were studied; 70% were positives to Giardia, and genetic analyses were performed by sequencing of four genes (SSrRNA, glutamate dehydrogenase, triose phosphate isomerase, and beta-giardin). The assemblage A was the most frequent (63.4%) in the species studied. A sequence from a red ruffed lemur (corresponding to genotype AI) was obtained, and this is the first reported sequence of a gdh gene obtained from this species. The multi-locus sequence analysis was also performed on the samples positive to nested PCR belonging to assemblage B. After amplification using the GDHeF, GDHiF, and GDHiR gdh primers; AL3543, AL3546, AL3544, and AL3545 tpi primers; G7, G759, GBF, and GBR bg primers, amplicons of 432, 500, and 511 bp respectively were obtained. Amplification products were sequenced and the sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that genotype IV like was the most frequent in the samples belonging to this assemblage.

show abstract

Molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis isolates from domestic ferrets

Cited by 32 publications

References 11 publications

Prevalence and molecular typing of Giardia duodenalis in wildlife from eastern Poland

Prevalence and molecular typing of Giardia duodenalis in wildlife from eastern Poland

Zoonotic Potential and Molecular Epidemiology ofGiardiaSpecies and Giardiasis

Occurrence and genetic characterization of Giardia duodenalis from captive nonhuman primates by multi-locus sequence analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About