Molecular Characterization of Human Rotavirus from Children with Diarrhoeal Disease in Sokoto State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study was conducted to detect and characterize prevalent human group A rotavirus strains from 200 diarrheic children in Sokoto, Nigeria, by ELISA, monoclonal antibody (Mab) serotyping and Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) techniques. Rotavirus was detected in 25.5% of the children. The G-serotypes observed in circulation were G4: 16 (59.3%), G1: 4 (14.8%), G2: 3 (11.1%), G3: 3 (11.1%), and G12: 1 (3.7%). The monoclonal antibody (Mab) serotyping detected G1 and G3 but did not detect G4 and G2 serotypes. The Mab typing of the G1 and G3 serotypes was consistent with the result of the RT-PCR. The VP4 genotypes detected were P[6] 3 (13%), P[8] 11 (47.8%), and the rare human P genotype (P[9]), found in 9 patients (39.1%). Nine strains identified with the common G and P combinations were G4 P[8] 5 (56%), G4 P[6] 1 (11%), G1 P[8] 2 (22%), and G3 P[8] 1 (11%), while seven strains with unusual combinations or rare G or P genotypes identified were G12 P[8] 1 (14%), G2 P[8] 2 (29%), and G4 P[9] 4 (57%). To our knowledge this is the first molecular study of human rotavirus and report of rare human G and P serotypes in Sokoto State.

Molecular Characteristics of Rotavirus Genotypes Circulating in the South of Benin, 2016-2018

“…Indeed, close association of humans with domesticated animals in most countries of the developing region lead to gene reassortment events within commonly circulating animal rotavirus strains and thus give rise to a large genomic diversity and frequent occurrence of mixed infections [19]. However, studies from some Africans settings have shown no mixed genotypes [23] or a very low rate (1%) of mixed infections [20] similar to our ndings. Also, as suggested by comments from the works of Boula and colleagues, the incorporation and use of new and updated one step multiplex genotyping assays in combination with sequencing in this study could strongly explain the low rate of mixed genotypes.…”

“…At country level in West Africa, before vaccine introduction, Ghana reported G1P [8] (20%) as the predominant genotype [17], but others genotypes such as G6P [6] was found to be medically important in Burkina Faso [18], G12P [8] in Côte d'Ivoire [19] and G4P [8] and G12P [8] in Nigeria [20,21]. During the post vaccine period, Ghana reported G1P [8] as the fourth common genotype detected with a rate of 8.0% [17].…”

Investigation of Rotavirus with Various Methods in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis and Determination of Its Molecular Epidemiology in Kayseri Province, Turkey

“…The most common genotype in Brazil was reported to be G2P [4], and it was followed by the G1P [8] genotype (28). It was reported that the most common genotype in Nigeria was G4P [8], and although it varies according to years, the most common genotypes in Cameroon were G9P [8], G1P [8], and G3P [6] (30,31).…”

Prevalence of rotavirus diarrhoea among children under five years in Kaduna state, Nigeria

“…The result agrees with 36.5% recorded in Kano Northern Nigeria Wada-Kura(2011). The finding also agrees with results in other African Countries and parts of the world.However, the prevalence is higher than those reported in Sokoto 25.5% (Alkali et al, 2016) and North-western Nigeria 18.0% (Aminu et al, 2010).This difference in prevalence could be due to the method and time of sample collection, sample storage,the season of sample collection and environmental factors such as population increase leading to over crowdiness as well as continued poor sanitary issues that include poor disposal of human waste.…”