Molecular characterization of some fungi isolated from broiler chicken farms

Abstract

The study was performed on 225 chicken (72 diseased and 153 freshly dead ones) from different 45 commercial broiler farms (1-30 days old) at Dakahlia Governorate for mycotic infection. Samples were taken from these chickens (lung; air sac; crop; liver and brain from each chicken) after clinical and postmortem examination for mycological examination. The results revealed that, fungi were isolated from 503 positive samples (44.7%); represented as 119 positive samples (10.6%) from diseased chickens and 384 positive samples (34.1 %) from freshly dead ones.651 fungal isolates (moulds and yeasts) were isolated from 1125 samples, where 219(33.6%) were isolated from lung samples followed by 199(30.6%); 119(18.3%); 91(14.0%) and 23(3.5%) from air sac, liver, crop and brain samples respectively. Moreover, A. fumigatus was the most isolated one 141(21.7%) followed by A. flavus 126(19.4%); A. niger 111(17.1%); Rhizopus spp. 67(10.3%); C. albicans 58(8.9%); Mucor spp. 42(6.5%); Penicillium spp. 32(4.9%); A. terreus 20(3.1%); Fusarium spp.19 (2.9%); C. krusei 13(2.0%); C. tropicalis 9(1.4%); A. candidus 9(1.4%) and finally A. ochraceus 4(0.6%). PCR using fungus-specific universal primer pairs (ITS1 and ITS4) was used for identification and genotypic characters of Aspergillus species (A. fumigatus; A. flavus and A. niger).They were able to successfully amplify the ITS1-5.8S rDNA region of all tested Aspergillus isolates, providing a single PCR product of about 600 bp for all tested isolates PCR using fungus-specific universal primer pairs (ITS and RPS) was used for identification and genotypic characters of C. providing a single PCR product of about 109 bp .Sequence of the internal transcribed spacer 1 reigon (ITS-1) of isolated A. flavus Gene Bank accession number for studied nucleotide sequence (Bankit 1867303) is KM 983253. The sequences obtained for ITS-1 region were more than 98% identical to the corresponding GenBank sequences (accession no. DQ467968.1; KC994648.1; LN482516.1 and KP689246.1). Sequence of the internal transcribed spacer 1 region (ITS-1) of isolated C. albicans. Gene Bank accession number for studied nucleotide sequence (Bankit 1867955) is KM 983254. The sequences obtained for ITS-1 region obtained were more than 95% identical to the corresponding GenBank (accession no. M87288.1; gb|S71769.1|S71769; emb (AL033396.1) and AP006852.1).

Detection of mold species in poultry farms in refer to their virulence potential

“…By mycological examination of chicken samples, 196 fungal isolates have been recovered. The prevalence of fungi was higher in lung tissue (27.88%) comparing to the other examined samples, similar to what obtained by Sajid et al [35] and Abdeltawab et al [36]. Aspergillus was the most common genus recovered (84.61%), followed by Zygomycetes (12.9%).…”

Aspergillus spp. Isolated from Lungs of Poultry (Gallus gallus) at the Mycology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica between 2008 and 2021 and Associated Factors

“…The prevalence obtained in Costa Rica is lower than the prevalence reported in Egypt [ 23 ], where it was obtained that 74% of Aspergillus isolates that came from animals had signs suggestive of aspergillosis. A review of common respiratory diseases in poultry carried out in Bangladesh mentioned that 6.14% of 1981 birds with respiratory signs were diagnosed with aspergillosis, but only by clinical findings without laboratory confirmation [ 24 ].…”

“…In most of the studies consulted, A. fumigatus was the most prevalent, ranging from 9.6 to 34.5% [ 1 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 31 ]; the findings obtained in Costa Rica confirmed the same. However, in investigations carried out in Iran and Indonesia, Aspergillus niger was the most isolated, having values of 37.5% (225/600) and 40% (12/30), respectively [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Environmental Monitoring of Zoonotic Fungal Infection in Broiler Chickens: Novel Approach to Control using Nano-fungicide Composite

“…The mycotic infection is considered one of the most serious hygienic problems in broiler flocks due to their high morbidity and mortality rate in young chicks that cause immunosuppression and lowering the resistance to various bacterial and viral diseases (Abd El Tawab et al, 2015). Therefore, the current study revealed that the highest prevalence rate of fungal isolates as A. niger, A. fumigatus, and C. albicans in a broiler poultry farm.…”