Molecular characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae invasive serotype 19A isolates from adults in two Spanish regions (1994–2009)

Marimón, José María; Alonso, Marta; Rolo, Dora; Ardanuy, Carmen; Liñares, Josefina; Pérez-Trallero, Emilio

doi:10.1007/s10096-011-1399-3

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In Asia and the USA, ST320 has been described as a highly prevalent clone showing a worldwide distribution and rapid and broad spread among children. To date, ST320 has had limited diffusion among the adult Spanish population [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Causing Acute Otitis Media Isolated from Children with Spontaneous Middle-Ear Drainage over a 12-Year Period (1999–2010) in a Region of Northern Spain

et al. 2013

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The aim of this study was to determine the serotype and clonal distribution of pneumococci causing acute otitis media (AOM) and their relationship with recurrences and mixed infections with other microorganisms under the influence of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). To do this, all pneumococcal isolates collected from the spontaneous middle-ear drainage of children <5 years old diagnosed of AOM by their pediatrician or their general practitioner from 1999 to 2010 were phenotypically characterized and the most frequent serotypes were genotyped. In the 12-year study, 818 episodes of pneumococcal AOM were detected, mostly (70.5%) in children younger than 2 years old. In 262 episodes (32%), the pneumococci were isolated with another bacterium, mainly (n = 214) Haemophilus influenzae. Mixed infections were similar in children under or over 2 years old. The most frequent serotypes were 19A (n = 227, 27.8%), 3 (n = 92, 11.2%) and 19F (n = 74, 9%). Serotypes included in the PCV7 sharply decreased from 62.4% in the pre-vaccination (1999–2001) to 2.2% in the late post-vaccination period (2008–2010). Serotype diversity steadily increased after the introduction of the PCV7 but decreased from 2008–2010 due to the predominant role of serotype 19A isolates, mostly ST276 and ST320. The prevalence of serotype 3 doubled from 6.1% (20/326) in 1999–2004 to 14.6% (72/492) in 2005–2010. Relapses mainly occurred in male infants infected with isolates with diminished antimicrobial susceptibility. Reinfections caused by isolates with the same serotype but different genotype were frequent, highlighting the need for genetic studies to differentiate among similar strains. In conclusion, the main change in pneumococcal AOM observed after the introduction of the PCV7 was the sharp decrease in vaccine serotypes. Also notable was the high burden of serotype 19A in total pneumococcal AOM before and especially after the introduction of the PCV7, as well as in relapses and reinfections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Causing Acute Otitis Media Isolated from Children with Spontaneous Middle-Ear Drainage over a 12-Year Period (1999–2010) in a Region of Northern Spain

et al. 2013

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“…[ 37 38 39 40 ] Since the identification of MDR S. pneumoniae (resistant to >3 different antimicrobial classes) in the 1970s, its prevalence has steadily increased in many countries. [ 41 42 43 ] In 1988, a report from Saudi Arabia showed that all S. pneumoniae isolates were sensitive to penicillin and vancomycin, but 65% were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. [ 32 ] A newer study reporting childhood pneumococcal bacteremia in Riyadh showed that 20.4% of the isolates were penicillin-resistant and 22% were MDR.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Saudi Thoracic Society pneumococcal vaccination guidelines-2016

Alharbi¹,

Albarrak²,

Al-Moamary³

et al. 2016

Ann Thorac Med

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Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Saudi Arabia is a host to millions of pilgrims who travel annually from all over the world for Umrah and the Hajj pilgrimages and are at risk of developing pneumococcal pneumonia or invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). There is also the risk of transmission of S. pneumoniae including antibiotic resistant strains between pilgrims and their potential global spread upon their return. The country also has unique challenges posed by susceptible population to IPD due to people with hemoglobinopathies, younger age groups with chronic conditions, and growing problem of antibiotic resistance. Since the epidemiology of pneumococcal disease is constantly changing, with an increase in nonvaccine pneumococcal serotypes, vaccination policies on the effectiveness and usefulness of vaccines require regular revision. As part of the Saudi Thoracic Society (STS) commitment to promote the best practices in the field of respiratory diseases, we conducted a review of S. pneumoniae infections and the best evidence base available in the literature. The aim of the present study is to develop the STS pneumococcal vaccination guidelines for healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia. We recommend vaccination against pneumococcal infections for all children <5 years old, adults ≥50 years old, and people ≥6 years old with certain risk factors. These recommendations are based on the presence of a large number of comorbidities in Saudi Arabia population <50 years of age, many of whom have risk factors for contracting pneumococcal infections. A section for pneumococcal vaccination before the Umrah and Hajj pilgrimages is included as well.

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“…This CC has been identified in the United States, although its relative contribution to serotype 19A replacement has been modest. In southern Europe, however, expansion of CC276 has been found to dominate the serotype 19A increase, with moderate contribution from CC199 (1,8,9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CC320 was not identified in the United States prior to vaccine introduction. CC320 has also been identified in France and Spain (8,9) and was found to dominate the pre-PCV7 increase of serotype 19A in South Korea (3). In Norway, however, a single isolate of ST320 was identified in 2004, before the introduction of PCV7.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Postvaccination Increase in Serotype 19A Pneumococcal Disease in Norway Is Driven by Expansion of Penicillin-Susceptible Strains of the ST199 Complex

Vestrheim

Steinbakk

Aaberge

et al. 2012

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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bSerotype replacement in invasive pneumococcal disease has been observed after widespread use of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). Replacement is dominated by penicillin-nonsusceptible serotype 19A in several countries. Antibiotic selection pressure has been proposed to interact with immunization, leading to rapid replacement. In Norway, where prescription of antibiotics is limited, post-PCV7 replacement by serotype 19A is dominated by penicillin-susceptible clones. Hence, serotype 19A replacement occurs, although it is not driven by antibiotic selection pressure.

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Molecular characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae invasive serotype 19A isolates from adults in two Spanish regions (1994–2009)

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Causing Acute Otitis Media Isolated from Children with Spontaneous Middle-Ear Drainage over a 12-Year Period (1999–2010) in a Region of Northern Spain

Dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Causing Acute Otitis Media Isolated from Children with Spontaneous Middle-Ear Drainage over a 12-Year Period (1999–2010) in a Region of Northern Spain

The Saudi Thoracic Society pneumococcal vaccination guidelines-2016

Postvaccination Increase in Serotype 19A Pneumococcal Disease in Norway Is Driven by Expansion of Penicillin-Susceptible Strains of the ST199 Complex

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