Molecular Characterization of Suppressor-Mutator (Spm)-Induced Mutations at the bronze-1 Locus in Maize: The bz-m13 Alleles

Schiefelbein, John; Raboy, Victor; Kim, Hwa-Yeong; Nelson, Oliver E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5550-2_19

Cited by 26 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The cis requirements for transposition of EnlSpm are, in addition to its 13-bp TIRs, 14 copies of the 12-bp sequence 5'-CCGACATCTTA-3; eight of which occur within -200 bp of the left end and six within -300 bp of the right end (Peterson and Salamini, 1986;Tacke et al, 1986;Schiefelbein et al, 1988). These repeats are recognized by an En/Spm-encoded product, TNPA, and the resulting interaction is believed to bring the two ends of the transposon together, facilitating excision (Gierl et al, 1988).…”

Section: Jordan 1s a Classical Eukaryotic Transposon Similar To Some mentioning

confidence: 99%

Jordan, an active Volvox transposable element similar to higher plant transposons.

1993

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We have isolated a 1595-bp transposable element from the multicellular green alga Volvox carteri following its insertion into the nitrate reductase (nitA) locus. This element, which we have named Jordan, has short (12-bp) terminal inverted repeats and creates a 3-bp target site duplication, like some higher plant transposons of the classic type. Contained within the first 200 bp of one end of the element are 55-bp inverted repeats, one of which begins with the terminal inverted repeat. Revertants of the transposon insertion into the nitA locus were obtained at a rate of . u~O -~ per Volvox embryo per generation. In each revertant examined, all transposon sequences were completely excised, but footprints containing both sets of duplicated bases, in addition to three to nine extra bases, were left behind. Jordan contains no significant open reading frames and so appean to be nonautonomous. DNA gel blot analysis indicates that Jordan is a member of a large family of homologous elements in the Volvox genome. We have isolated and characterized several of these homologs and found that they contain termini very similar to those of Jordan. Efforts to utilize Jordan and its homologs as tools to tag and clone developmentally interesting genes of Volvox are discussed.

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Section: Jordan 1s a Classical Eukaryotic Transposon Similar To Some mentioning

confidence: 99%

Jordan, an active Volvox transposable element similar to higher plant transposons.

1993

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“…Deletion break points in CS-9 occur within the direct repeat CTTAA ( Figure 1B). Direct repeats are also found at the deletion break points from the CS-72 derivative of bz-m13 (G. Bunkers, S. G. Pickett, and V. Raboy, unpublished data), derivative dSpm-7995 of a-m2 (Masson et al, 1987), and the dSpm in bz1-m13 itself (Schiefelbein et al, 1988a). Resemblance of these deletion break points with break points in spontaneous deletions suggests that double strand breaks within dSpm are initiated by transposase and enlarged by exonuclease activity.…”

Section: Structure Of Derivative Allelesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…One such mutant is bronzel-murable 73 (bzl-ml3). This allele contains a 2241-bp defective Suppressor-muraror (dSpm) element inserted 38 bp downstream of the sole intron in Bz7 (Schiefelbein et al, 1988a). One unspliced and two spliced transcripts have been detected in bzl-ml3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A vertical arrow marks the 3' splice site AS-I. The dSpm sequence is presented 5' to 3' as oriented in bzl-ml3, which is opposite to the within the upstream TIR of bZl-ml3 produced an allele with raie excisions, CS-6 (Schiefelbein et al, 1988a). A small deletion in the downstream TIR could similarly reduce transposition frequency, and in addition a deletion here may disrupt the AS-1 splice site producing the null phenotype.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alternative 3' splice acceptor sites modulate enzymic activity in derivative alleles of the maize bronze1-mutable 13 allele.

et al. 1992

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The defective Suppressor-mutator (dSpm)-induced allele bronzel-mutable 73 (bzl-ml3) and many of its derivative alleles are leaky mutants with measurable levels of flavonol O3-gIucosyltransferase activity. This activity results from splicing at acceptor site-1, one of two cryptic 3'splice sites within the dSpm insertion in bzl-ml3-In this study, splicing in bz7-11173 change-in-state (CS) alleles CS-3 and CS-64 was shown to be altered from bz7-m73; previous work found altered splicing in CS-9. CS-64 is a null allele and lacks the acceptor site-1-spliced transcript because this site is deleted. CS-3 and CS-9 had increased levels of the acceptor site-1 transcript relative to bz7-ml3 and increased enzymic activities. A deletion in CS-9 altered splicing by eliminating acceptor site-2. Both acceptor sites were intact in CS-3, but a deletion removed most of a 275-bp GC-rich sequence in dSpm. This suggests that GC-rich sequences affect splicing and is consistent with models postulating a role for AU content in the splicing of plant introns. Splicing does not necessarily occur, however, at the junction of AU-rich intron sequences and GC-rich exon sequences.

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“…In addition, sequence repeats are also found at sub-terminal positions with respect to the TIRs (Kunze and Weil 2002). The integrity of the TIRs and of the sub-terminal repeats is essential for the transposition (Schiefelbein et al 1988). En/Spm codes for at least two proteins with separate functions that are produced from a single precursor transcript by alternative splicing (Pereira et al 1986;Masson et al 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ROSINA (RSI) is part of a CACTA transposable element, TamRSI, and links flower development to transposon activity

Roccaro¹,

Sommer³

et al. 2007

Mol Genet Genomics

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ROSINA (RSI) was isolated as a DNA binding factor able to bind to the CArG-box present in the promoter of the MADS-box gene DEFICIENS of Antirrhinum majus. The mosaic nature of RSI and its multi-copy presence in the A. majus genome indicated that RSI could be a part of a mobile genetic element. Here we show that RSI is a part of a CACTA transposable element system of A. majus, named TamRSI, which has evolved and is still evolving within the terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) of this CACTA transposon. Interestingly, RSI is always found in opposite orientation with respect to the transcription of a second gene present within the CACTA transposon, which encodes a putative TRANSPOSASE (TNP). This structural conWguration has not yet been described for any member of the CACTA transposons superfamily. Internal deletion derivatives of the TamRSI produce aberrant RSI transcripts (RSIATs) that carry parts of the RSI RNA fused to parts of the TNP RNA. In addition, an intriguing seed phenotype shown by RNAi transgenic lines generated to silence RSI, relate TamRSI to epigenetic mechanisms and associate the control of Xower development to transposon activity.

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Molecular Characterization of Suppressor-Mutator (Spm)-Induced Mutations at the bronze-1 Locus in Maize: The bz-m13 Alleles

Cited by 26 publications

References 33 publications

Jordan, an active Volvox transposable element similar to higher plant transposons.

Jordan, an active Volvox transposable element similar to higher plant transposons.

Alternative 3' splice acceptor sites modulate enzymic activity in derivative alleles of the maize bronze1-mutable 13 allele.

ROSINA (RSI) is part of a CACTA transposable element, TamRSI, and links flower development to transposon activity

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