Molecular characterization of the cynomolgus monkey Macaca fascicularis steroidogenic enzymes belonging to the aldo-keto reductase family

Hong, Liu; Bellemare, Véronique; Labrie, Fernand; Luu‐The, Van

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2006.10.004

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Most importantly, the adrenal glands of rodents and any species below primates do not secrete significant amounts of DHEA [40]. Moreover, the cynomolgus monkey paralogs of the human enzymes involved in steroid formation and inactivation are much more closely related in sequence, tissue distribution and activity than the rodent enzymes [41,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of the Androgen-Synthesizing Enzymes, Androgen Receptor, and Sex Steroids in the Vagina: Possible Implications for the Treatment of Postmenopausal Sexual Dysfunction

Bertin¹,

Dury²,

Ouellet³

et al. 2014

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

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Introduction To better understand the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of the intravaginal administration of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) observed in postmenopausal women on sexual dysfunction. Aims To identify the distribution of the androgen-synthesizing enzymes as well as androgen receptor (AR) and measure steroid levels in the monkey vagina. Methods The cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis), the closest model to the human, has been used to measure the expression levels of steroidogenic enzymes and androgen receptor by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (n = 4), confirmed by immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence (n = 3). DHEA and its androgenic metabolites were quantified by LC-MS/MS (n = 4). Main Outcome Measures The presence of SRD5A1, SRD5A2, HSD17B3, AR as well as nerve fibers (PGP 9.5) was investigated, and steroid levels were measured. Results AR is widely distributed within the vaginal epithelium and also in the lamina propria with a lower expression in the muscularis layer and blood vessel walls. Androgen-forming enzymes, on the other hand, are expressed in the vaginal stratified squamous epithelium at a relatively high level where they are uniformly distributed from the basal membrane up to the superficial keratinized cells. The enzymes are at a lower level in blood vessel walls and zona muscularis where nerve fibers are localized. DHEA and its androgen metabolites are present at biologically significant concentrations in the monkey vagina. Conclusion The enzymes responsible for androgen formation as well as AR are at the highest level in the superficial layer of the stratified epithelium and muscularis layers of the vagina. These data provide a potential explanation for the described role of androgens in regulating vaginal lubrication, smooth muscle activity, blood flow, and the neuronal activity potentially involved in the correction of sexual dysfunction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of the Androgen-Synthesizing Enzymes, Androgen Receptor, and Sex Steroids in the Vagina: Possible Implications for the Treatment of Postmenopausal Sexual Dysfunction

Bertin¹,

Dury²,

Ouellet³

et al. 2014

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

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“…Liu et al [8] showed high expression levels in the stomach, liver, kidney, and mammary gland and moderate levels of 20␣-HSD mRNA in the ovary, adrenals and colon. In this study, we also detected the expression of the monkey 20␣-HSD gene in the reproductive tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monkey 20␣-HSD is expressed abundantly in the stomach and in the liver, while it is moderately expressed in the kidney, mammary gland, ovary, and adrenal gland. Low expression levels of 20␣-HSD were found in the prostate, endometrium, myometrium, and colon [8]. However, mRNA expression in the placenta and oviduct at pre-parturition was not analyzed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in our study, we only determined 20␣-HSD expression in the placenta, ovary, and oviduct. The monkey 20␣-HSD shows a distribution profile that is similar to its human homolog, and it is expressed in a large variety of tissues [8]. The function of monkey 20␣-HSD expressed in the reproductive tissues remains to be clarified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monkey 20␣-HSD (also referred to as DD1 and AKR1C1) mRNA is highly expressed in the kidney, stomach, and liver. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the monkey enzymes with the corresponding human and mouse enzymes shows that monkey 20␣-HSD shares approximately 94% and 76% sequence identity with the human and mouse counterparts, respectively [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression and localization of the 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) enzyme in the reproductive tissues of the cynomolgus monkey Macaca fascicularis

Nanjidsuren

Naidansuren

Park

et al. 2011

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Characterization of transgenic mice expressing EGFP under the control of the monkey 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase promoter

Park

Jeong

Nanjidsuren

et al. 2018

Sci. China Life Sci.

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To directly assess the molecular function of the monkey 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) promoter, we generated transgenic mice (tg) expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under control of this promoter. We demonstrated that prostaglandin Fα induced 20α-HSD promoter activity in CHO cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, forskolin treatment markedly reduced 20α-HSD promoter activity, and prolactin exhibited weak inhibitory activity. The transgenic mouse obtained one positive founder male. The transgene was propagated in 10 successive generations without any notable defects to the progeny. EGFP and 20α-HSD in the tg mice were colocalized in the luteal cells of the ovary during late pregnancy. Strong EGFP and 20α-HSD protein signals were also detected in the adult testis. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed high EGFP levels in the seminiferous epithelium, whereas 20α-HSD was expressed in the seminiferous tubules. Our data suggest that the ovaries in monkey and mouse exhibit similar expression patterns of 20α-HSD during pregnancy. However, the expression pattern of EGFP in tg mice testis slightly differed from that of the endogenous 20α-HSD. Further investigation is required to elucidate the functional mechanisms underlying regulation of the monkey 20α-HSD promoter in the tg mice.

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Molecular characterization of the cynomolgus monkey Macaca fascicularis steroidogenic enzymes belonging to the aldo-keto reductase family

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Localization of the Androgen-Synthesizing Enzymes, Androgen Receptor, and Sex Steroids in the Vagina: Possible Implications for the Treatment of Postmenopausal Sexual Dysfunction

Localization of the Androgen-Synthesizing Enzymes, Androgen Receptor, and Sex Steroids in the Vagina: Possible Implications for the Treatment of Postmenopausal Sexual Dysfunction

Expression and localization of the 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) enzyme in the reproductive tissues of the cynomolgus monkey Macaca fascicularis

Characterization of transgenic mice expressing EGFP under the control of the monkey 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase promoter

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