Molecular characterization of the S protein gene of human coronavirus OC43

Abstract

The gene encoding the spike protein of the OC43 strain of human coronavirus (HCV-OC43) was cloned and sequenced. The complete nucleotide sequence revealed an open reading frame of 4062 nucleotides encoding a protein of 1353 amino acids with a predicted M r of 150078. Structural features include 22 N-glycosylation sites, an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence of 17 amino acids, an hydrophilic cysteine-rich sequence of 35 amino acids near the C terminus, and a potential proteolytic cleavage site (RRSR) between amino acid residues 758 and 759, yielding S1 and $2 segments of 84730 and 65 366 M r, respectively. The predicted amino acid sequence of the spike protein of HCV-OC43 has 91% identity with that of the Mebus strain of bovine coronavirus, revealing more sequence divergence in the putative bulbous part (S1) than in the predicted stem region ($2).Human coronaviruses (HCV) are enveloped positivestranded RNA viruses that cause respiratory infections and have been associated with gastrointestinal and neurological disorders (Jouvenne et al

Identification and analysis of gp116 and gp64 structural glycoproteins of yellow head nidovirus of Penaeus monodon shrimp

“…The size of the YHV polyprotein is similar to those of the glycoproteins of vertebrates coronaviruses including avian infectious bronchitis virus (1160 amino acids) (Binns et al, 1985), feline infectious peritonitis virus (1452 amino acids) (de Groot et al, 1987a), murine hepatitis virus (1376 amino acids) (Spann et al, 1988), porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (Duarte & Laude, 1994) (1383 amino acids) and human respiratory coronavirus (1353 amino acids) (Mounir & Talbot, 1993). However, the predicted structure of the ORF3 polyprotein is more complex, comprising six putative transmembrane regions generating three ectodomains and two intra-virion endodomains.…”

Isolation and sequence analysis of canine respiratory coronavirus

“…The amino acid changes that accumulated in the spike gene during passaging in HRT-18 cells did not lead to a change of any of the predicted N-glycosylation sites. The protein furthermore contained a potential cleavage recognition sequence (RRSR) at residues 765-768 which is present in BCoV and HCoV-OC43, whose spike proteins are cleaved into an S1 and S2 subunit (Abraham et al, 1990a;Mounir and Talbot, 1993b). A potential N-terminal signal peptide was identified at amino acids 1-14 by SignalP-NN or at amino acids 1-17 by SignalP-HMM.…”

Cleavage of spike protein of SARS coronavirus by protease factor Xa is associated with viral infectivity

“…Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. In most other members of the coronavirus family, such as human coronavirus HCoV-OC43 and bovine coronaviruses BCoV, the S protein may be post-translationally cleaved into two fragments, S1 (receptor binding domain) and S2 (membrane fusion domain) [4,5]. Studies in other coronaviruses have further elucidated that conformational changes of the S protein can be induced at 37 °C and pH 8.0, accompanied by the cleavage of S1 and S2, which triggers virus-cell membrane fusion [6,7].…”