The complete genome sequence of a putative novel potyvirus, tentatively named polygonatum kingianum yellow leafroll virus (PKYLV; GenBank accession no. ON428226), infecting Polygonatum. kingianum in China was obtained by next-generation sequencing (NGS), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid ampli cation of cDNA ends (RACE). PKYLV exhibits typical genomic structure characteristics of genus Potyvirus, with a length of 10,002 nucleotides (nt) and a large open reading frame (108 to 9,746 nt), encoding a polyprotein with 3,213 amino acid (aa) (363.68 kDa).Pairwise comparisons revealed that the PKYLV polyprotein shares 50.5 68.6% nt and 43.1 72.2% aa sequence identity with reported members of the genus Potyvirus. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis indicated that PKYLV is closely related to polygonatum kingianum virus 1 (PKgV1; accession no. MK427056). These results suggest that the PKYLV is a novel member of the genus Potyvirus of the family Potyviridae.