Molecular characterizations of TLR1 and TLR2 in Qihe crucian carp (Carassius auratus) and responses to stimulations of Aeromonas hydrophila and TLR ligands

Kong, Xianghui; Tang, Hairong; Zhu, Yachen; Zhang, Jie; Li, Chunjing; Zhao, Xianliang; Pei, Chao; Zhou, Yong; Zeng, Lingbing

doi:10.1007/s10499-022-01030-2

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…A similar observation was recorded in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) after infection with grass carp reovirus [41]. Besides viral infection, the expression of TLR2 was significantly induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Aeromonas hydrophila in the head kidney, liver, gill, trunk kidney, and spleen of Qihe crucian carp (Carassius auratus), indicating that various PRRs could trigger TLR2-mediated immune response in main tissues of fish [39]. The upregulated expression of TLR2 mRNA in six determined tissues indicates that TLR2 could conduct immune recognition to CyHV-2 invasion and virus identification in a time-dependent and tissue-specific manner, thereby inducing immune response in multiple tissues.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…In teleost fishes, TLR2 has been minutely researched to identify its function as a PRR for bacterial microbes [39,40]; however, few investigations have been performed about the role of TLR2 in the recognition of viruses, especially viruses with a dsDNA genome [1,22]. Since previous studies involved only TLR2 response to CyHV-2 infection at a certain point of time or in specific tissues (mainly spleen and head kidney), the response of TLR2 to CyHV-2 in the whole infection cycle and multiple tissues (brain, gill, intestine, liver, kidney, and spleen) is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations of Plasma Biochemical and Immunological Parameters and Spatiotemporal Expression of TLR2 and TLR9 in Gibel Carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) after CyHV-2 Infection

Gao,

Hu,

Xie

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Cyprinid herpesvirus II (CyHV-2), a highly contagious pathogen of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio), causes herpesviral hematopoietic necrosis disease (HVHND) and enormous financial losses. However, there is limited information available regarding the changes in plasma biochemical and immunological parameters and the response characteristics of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in gibel carp after CyHV-2 infection. To address this knowledge gap, a sub-lethal CyHV-2 infection was conducted in gibel carp, and the sample was collected daily from 1 to 7 days post infection. The plasma biochemical analyses showed significant decreases in the content of glucose, total cholesterol (TCHO), and total protein (TP), along with marked increases in the level of uric acid, urea, creatinine (CREA), Complement 3 (C3), immunoglobulin D (IgD), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) as well as in the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the infected group. Compared with the control group, the concentration of cortisol, triglyceride (TG), and Complement 4 (C4) had no noticeable alterations in the infected group. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed significant upregulation of TLR2 and TLR9 mRNA expression in the spleen, kidney, brain, liver, intestine, and gill post CyHV-2 infection. Interestingly, a time- and tissue-dependent expression profile has been comparatively observed for TLR2 and TLR9 in the above tissues of gibel carp after CyHV-2 infection, suggesting distinct roles between TLR2 and TLR9 in antiviral response to CyHV-2 infection. Overall, our results demonstrated that CyHV-2 infection led to the disruption of the physiological metabolic process and damage to the liver and kidney, and induced different spatiotemporal expression patterns of TLR2 and TLR9, ultimately stimulating antiviral response via innate and adaptive immune system. These findings may provide a deeper understanding of the host immunity response to CyHV-2 infection and offer novel perspectives for the prevention and treatment and therapeutic drug development against CyHV-2.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%