Molecular chemotaxonomy of Daldinia and other Xylariaceae

Stadler, Marc; Wollweber, H.; Mühlbauer, Andrea; Asakawa, Yoshinori; Hashimoto, Toshihiro; Rogers, Jack D.; Ju, Yu‐Ming; Wetzstein, Heinz-Georg; Tichy, Hans-Volker

doi:10.1016/s0953-7562(08)61990-5

Cited by 53 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…which contain unique stromatal pigments or other secondary metabolites [e.g. azaphilones and benzophenones: D. albofibrosa, D. childiae, D. pyrenaica and D. steglichii; cytochalasins: D. eschscholzii; yet unknown specific metabolites: D. lloydii and D. petriniae; for details see STADLER et al (2000a), STADLER et al (2001c) and STADLER, BAUMGARTNER & WOLLWEBER (2001] were found to have ornamented ascospores. D. concentrica and D. eschscholzii , as well as Daldinia sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have also been detected in the xylariaceous genera Entonaema, Hypoxylon and Nemania and in one non-xylariaceous ascomycete (Bulgaria inquinans). For further discussion of this subject see STADLER et al (2001aSTADLER et al ( , 2001c. Therefore, Daldinia spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Representative specimens out of a total of more than 250 examined stromatal collections were selected, according to the results of their previous characterisation by morphological investigations of their teleomorphic and anamorphic characters (stromata and cultures) by means of light microscopy, aided by PCR-based genetic fingerprinting (ARDRA, Minisatellite PCR) and HPLC-based secondary metabolite profiling (these methods are described in detail in STADLER et al 2001c). Their taxonomy is given according to JU, ROGERS & SAN MARTÍN (1997), including more recent descriptions by ROGERS et al (1999), STADLER et al (2001b) and STADLER, BAUMGARTNER & WOLLWEBER (2001.…”

Section: Specimens Examinedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their world monograph, JU, ROGERS & SAN MARTÍN (1997) introduced the colours of stromatal pigments in 10% KOH as an important criterion for identification of Daldinia spp., in addition to the morphology of teleomorphic and anamorphic stages. Some pigments that cause this colour reaction and other chemotaxonomically significant metabolites were meanwhile identified, using a polyphasic approach (STADLER et al 2001a(STADLER et al , 2001c(STADLER et al , 2001d. Besides aforementioned chemical and morphological characters, PCR-based genetic fingerprinting techniques were employed in these studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Importance of ascospore ornamentation in the taxonomy of Daldinia

et al. 2002

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Representative specimens of fifteen Daldinia spp. were studied for ultrastructural characteristics of their ascospores by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ornamentation of their outermost spore layers was found to be species-consistent, confirming the results of concurrent studies on the morphology of their teleomorphs and anamorphs, secondary metabolite profiles and PCR-based genetic fingerprints. Daldinia spp. may either show smooth or transversally striated ascospores. The spores of the species within the latter group are always ellipsoid-equilateral to ellipsoid-inequilateral with narrowly rounded ends. Smooth, broadly ellipsoid to cylindrical ascospores were observed in all species (D. caldariorum, D. fissa and D. loculata) that are known to produce their stromata on substrates damaged by fire. The ascospores of D. concentrica differed from those of D. childiae (i.e., the cosmopolitan taxon previously regarded as D. concentrica ss. auct.) and other Daldinia spp. in showing a very faint ornamentation, which only became visible at 10000x magnification by SEM. A specimen collected on the isle of Jersey (Channel Islands, UK) showed morphological similarities to the pantropical D. eschscholzii, but its ascospores appeared smooth by SEM, and it may therefore represent a previously undescribed species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Specimens Examinedmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Importance of ascospore ornamentation in the taxonomy of Daldinia

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“…Submerged fermentation was carried out using the method described by Stadler et al (2001) followed by extraction in acetone and ethyl acetate. The inocula were prepared by introducing 7 mm mycelial agar plugs from 10-day-old fungal culture into 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks containing 200 mL sterilized sugar malt (SM1/2) and yeast malt (YM6.3) broth medium.…”

Section: Fermentation and Extraction Of Fungal Endophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, identification and bioactivity of fungal endophytes from selected Kenyan medicinal plants

Nasimiyu¹,

Wagara²,

Obonyo³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Infectious diseases remain a global health burden due to development of antibiotic resistance by pathogenic microorganisms. Antibiotic resistance has led to increased number of deaths among children and adults. This study sought to isolate and identify fungal endophytes from selected Kenyan medicinal plants and screen them and their extracts for bioactivity against selected test human pathogens. Fifty-five fungal endophytes were successfully isolated from fresh leaves of twenty-three medicinal plants from Kakamega forest. The DNA of fungal endophytes was extracted and molecular characterization was done through sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). The isolated fungal endophytes belonged to nine genera in the Ascomycota group, namely Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Trichothecium, Phomopsis, Pestalotiopsis, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Phoma, and Chaetomium. Extracts from Aspergillus sp. demonstrated antimicrobial activity at low concentrations of 2.34 µg/ml against B. subtilis and 9.38 µg/ml against Candida tenius; while extracts from Colletotrichum sp. demonstrated antimicrobial activity at moderate concentration (37.5 µg/ml) against B. subtilis in the serial dilution assay. These results show that medicinal plants are a reservoir to a diversity of fungal endophytes that could be exploited as sources of natural products of pharmaceutical importance.

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Inedible mushrooms: a good source of biologically active substances

2006

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ABSTRACT:In the course of our investigation on biologically active substances from inedible mushrooms in Japan, Germany, and Vietnam, we studied the chemical constituents of 22 species belonging to five families: Scutigeraceae, Polyporaceae, Xylariaceae, Thelephoraceae, and Paxillaceae. Various types of chemical substances were purified and characterized based on the modern spectroscopic methods and also on chemical reactions. These metabolites have shown a broad activity in many biological systems, such as antimicrobial, nematicidal, inhibition of NO production, antihuman immunodeficiency virus, tumor necrosis factor-α, and antioxidant activities. These isolated metabolites did not only show interesting activities, but also are employed as chemical markers supported for chemosystematics of these families. This review paper deals with the chemical constituents of 22 species, their biological activities, and also a discussion on chemosystematics.

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Molecular chemotaxonomy of Daldinia and other Xylariaceae

Cited by 53 publications

References 21 publications

Importance of ascospore ornamentation in the taxonomy of Daldinia

Importance of ascospore ornamentation in the taxonomy of Daldinia

Isolation, identification and bioactivity of fungal endophytes from selected Kenyan medicinal plants

Inedible mushrooms: a good source of biologically active substances

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