Molecular cloning, genomic organization and antibacterial activity of a second isoform of antilipopolysaccharide factor (ALF) from the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain

Quantitative gene expression and in situ localization of scygonadin potentially associated with reproductive immunity in tissues of male and female mud crabs, Scylla paramamosain

“…Accordingly, marine eukaryotes, during evolution, have developed a diverse array of anti-infective molecules ranging from AMPs, histones, fatty acids, and other structural components of cells to pigments and regulatory proteins as well as strategies to protect themselves against prokaryotic and viral attack [5]. Antilipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs), which were first identified from the amoebocyte of the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus [6], are also identified from the hemocytes of several species of decapods including Scylla paramamosain [7,8], Eriocheir sinensis [9], and Scylla serrata [4]. The AMPs, the effective component in the first line of host defense with common features such as small size and a broad specificity against microorganisms, not only play an important role in the innate immunity system of mammals but also involved in a major defense mechanism against infections in lower organisms [10].…”

Two novel antimicrobial peptides, arasin-likeSp and GRPSp, from the mud crab Scylla paramamosain, exhibit the activity against some crustacean pathogenic bacteria

“…Therefore, unsurprisingly, the hemocytes of mud crabs have been shown to contain a reservoir of structurally diverse peptides that exhibit antimicrobial activities and so are likely to increase the antimicrobial defense of the host crab upon pathogen infection. In the case of the mud crab, S. paramamosain, the identification and molecular characterization of such molecules have been reported previously in their hemocytes for ALF [12,13] and crustin [9].…”

“…The antimicrobial activity of the chemically synthesized arasinlikeSp and GRPSp peptides were determined by a liquid growth inhibition assay [9,12,13]. The bacteria used for the antimicrobial assay were; (1) the four Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, A. viridans, Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis, and (2) the four Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli 363, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio anguillarum.…”

Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Novel Isoform of Anti-lipopolysaccharide Factor from the Mantis Shrimp, Miyakea nepa

“…Genomic organization analysis of most of the ALFs showed that it consists of three exons and two introns and the LPS-binding domain is included in the second exon. In the case of PtALF, there is only one intron in between two exons, and in ALFPm3, there are four exons and two introns [11,[19][20][21]. ALF possesses the ability to bind with microbial polysaccharides including LPS, lipotechoic acid (LTA) and b-glucan, an evidence for its anti-microbial activity [16].…”