Molecular composition of soluble fraction from depolymerized cornstalk powder in supercritical methanol and ethanol

Tang, Sheng; Zong, Zhi‐Min; Zhou, Lei; Zhao, Wei; Li, Xiaobo; Peng, Yaoli; Xie, Ruilun; Chen, Xiaofei; Gu, Wentao; Wei, Xian‐Yong

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2009.11.037

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Ethanolysis at moderate temperature is an effective method to produce crude bio-oils from various biomass such as wood, − bagasse, cornstalk powder, sweet sorghum stalk, wheat stalk, rice husk, and rice straw . The bio-oil obtained via liquefaction in ethanol has a lower acidity, higher stability, and lower corrosivity than pyrolysis bio-oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Identification of Six Difunctional Ethyl Esters from Bio-oil and Their Special Mass Spectral Fragmentation Pathways

Liu

Cong

et al. 2018

Energy Fuels

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Three difunctional ethyl esters (DFEEs), including ethyl 16-hydroxyhexadecanoate, ethyl (Z)-18-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate, and diethyl (Z)-octadec-9-ene-1,18-dioate, were isolated as nearly pure compounds from sawdust-derived bio-oil. Their structures were tentatively identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). Combination transesterification reaction of DFEEs to difunctional methyl esters (DFMEs) and determination of the GC/MS retention time differences of DFEEs and corresponding DFMEs is a simple method to determine the ester group number of unknown DFEEs. GC/MS results indicate that the fragment ions at mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) of 88 and 98 are typical ions for these DFEEs. The former ion is formed via well-known McLafferty rearrangement, whereas the formation pathway of the ion at m/z 98 is unreported before. HR-MS results show that the fragment ion at m/z 98 should be a cyclohexanone radical ion, which is possibly formed via a novel rearrangement initiated by remote hydrogen rearrangement. Besides long-chain DFEEs, long-chain difunctional carboxylic acids (including dicarboxylic acids, ω-hydroxy acids, diacid monomethyl ester, and diacid monoethyl ester) and DFMEs (including diacid dimethyl ester and ω-hydroxy methyl ester) are also typical of the fragment ion at m/z 98. Hence, it is a common characteristic to form the rearrangement ion at m/z 98 for long-chain difunctional carboxylic acids, DFEEs, and DFMEs, and this special mass spectral rearrangement could facilitate the identification of these classes of compounds. Using this rearrangement rule of DFEEs, three ω-hydroxy ethyl esters, including ethyl 22-hydroxydocosanoate, ethyl 24-hydroxytetracosanoate, and ethyl 26-hydroxyhexacosanoate, were tentatively identified by GC/MS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Identification of Six Difunctional Ethyl Esters from Bio-oil and Their Special Mass Spectral Fragmentation Pathways

Liu

Cong

et al. 2018

Energy Fuels

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to develop technologies for converting biomass into liquid fuels and valuable chemicals [3,4]. Among various conversion methods, liquefaction in sub -/supercritical solvents was considered as a promising one [5,6]. Previous researches showed that biomass liquefaction depends on biomass composition and operating conditions [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sweet sorghum stalk liquefaction in supercritical methanol: Effects of operating conditions on product yields and molecular composition of soluble fraction

Yan

Zong

et al. 2017

Fuel Processing Technology

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“…Multiple characterization tools, such as elemental analyzer, , Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, , gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS), , and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FTICRMS), , have been used for obtaining compositional information on biomass-derived liquids (BDLs). GC/MS is usually limited to analyzing relatively volatile, thermally stable, and less polar species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the Chemical Complexity of Soluble Portions from Cornstalk Methanolysis

Yan

Zong

et al. 2016

Energy Fuels

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Cornstalk was subjected to methanolysis in the presence of NaOH at 220−320 °C to afford soluble portions (SPs) 1−5 (SP 1 −SP 5 ) and an inextractable portion (IEP). The maximum total yield (ca. 51%) of SPs was acquired at 300 °C with the same mass of NaOH and cornstalk. Under the same conditions, SP 1 has the highest yield, followed by SP 5 and SP 2 . The relatively volatile and less polar species in the resulting SPs and IEP were identified with a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS). The polar species in SP 1 , SP 2 , and SP 5 were further analyzed with a negative-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FTICRMS). The analysis with GC/MS shows that phenolic compounds and alcohols are the dominant group components in SP 1 and SP 2 , respectively, while the predominant compounds in esterified SP 3 −SP 5 and IEP are esters. According to analysis with FTICRMS, thousands of compounds were detected in SP 1 , SP 2 , and SP 5 . Most of the compounds are O n (n = 1−10) class species with double bond equivalent (DBE) values of 1−14 and carbon atom numbers of 5−35. The most abundant class species in SP 1 , SP 2 , and SP 5 are O 3 , O 3 , and O 8 , respectively. SP 1 and SP 2 are rich in O 2 −O 4 class species with DBE values of 5−8, which may be attributed to lignin-derived compounds. Different from SP 1 and SP 2 , SP 5 has relatively high contents of O 5 −O 10 class species, corresponding to various acidic species. In addition, N 1 O n (n = 0−8) class species with DBE values of 3−14 were also identified, which should contain a pyrrole ring as the parent structure.

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Molecular composition of soluble fraction from depolymerized cornstalk powder in supercritical methanol and ethanol

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Isolation and Identification of Six Difunctional Ethyl Esters from Bio-oil and Their Special Mass Spectral Fragmentation Pathways

Isolation and Identification of Six Difunctional Ethyl Esters from Bio-oil and Their Special Mass Spectral Fragmentation Pathways

Sweet sorghum stalk liquefaction in supercritical methanol: Effects of operating conditions on product yields and molecular composition of soluble fraction

Insight into the Chemical Complexity of Soluble Portions from Cornstalk Methanolysis

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