Molecular composition of the alveolar lining fluid in the aging lung

Moliva, Juan I.; Rajaram, Murugesan V. S.; Sidiki, Sabeen; Sasindran, Smitha J.; Guirado, Evelyn; Pan, Xueliang; Wang, Shuhua; Ross, Patrick; Lafuse, William P.; Schlesinger, Larry S.; Turner, Joanne; Torrelles, Jordi B.

doi:10.1007/s11357-014-9633-4

Cited by 103 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Secondly, accumulation of cell debris and increased levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and IL‐6, surfactant proteins and lipids (e.g., SP‐A and SP‐D) and several complement components has been observed in aged lungs with a relatively oxidized tissue microenvironment in both mice and humans. This may modify mucosal immune responses in the elderly population (Moliva et al, ). Thirdly, systemic changes in metabolic and hormonal signals likely contribute to the development of chronic inflammation in the aged (Oishi & Manabe, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsically altered lung‐resident γδT cells control lung melanoma by producing interleukin‐17A in the elderly

et al. 2020

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Cancer is an age-associated disease, potentially related to the altered immune system of elderly individuals. However, cancer has gradually decreased incidence in the eldest globally such as the most common lung cancer, the mechanisms of which remain to be elucidated. In this study, it was found that the number of lung-resident γδT cells was significantly increased with altered gene expression in aged mice (20-24 months) versus young mice (10-16 weeks). Aged lung Vγ4 + and Vγ6 + γδT cells predominantly produced interleukin-17A (IL-17A), resulting in increased levels in the serum and lungs. Moreover, the aged mice exhibited smaller tumors and reduced numbers of tumor foci in the lungs after challenge with intravenous injection of B16/F10 melanoma cells compared with the young mice. Aged lung Vγ4 + and Vγ6 + γδT cells were highly cytotoxic to B16/F10 melanoma cells with higher expression levels of CD103.The markedly longer survival of the challenged aged mice was dependent on γδT17 cells, since neutralization of IL-17A or depletion of indicated γδT cells significantly shortened the survival time. Consistently, supplementation of IL-17A significantly enhanced the survival time of young mice with lung melanoma. Furthermore, the antitumor activity of aged lung γδT17 cells was not affected by alterations in the load and composition of commensal microbiota, as demonstrated through co-housing of the aged and young mice. Intrinsically altered lung γδT17 cells underlying age-dependent changes control lung melanoma, which will help to better understand the lung cancer progression in the elderly and the potential use of γδT17 cells in anti-tumor immunotherapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsically altered lung‐resident γδT cells control lung melanoma by producing interleukin‐17A in the elderly

et al. 2020

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“…[86]) more total PC in lung lavage than young dogs which also depended on dog strain [30]. Furthermore, inflammatory cytokines and SPs lipids in humans and mice were found to be significantly altered in the aged lung [103]. Alterations in surfactant lipid composition are predicted to negatively affect SP function [152].…”

Section: Alveolar Lining Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Less is known about the aging of the surfactant system. One study found no age dependence [118] while another study reported small but significant changes in the composition of the lining fluid that may also be species dependent [103]. Although lung volume increases but the prestress likely decreases because of the decline in lung elastic recoil pressure in the elderly [79].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanics of the Aging Lung Parenchyma

Suki

Bartolák‐Suki

2014

Engineering Materials and Processes

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Aging is a process that affects cells, the extracellular matrix (ECM), tissues, and organs. The lung is the entry of oxygen into the body and any deterioration in its ability to take up and distribute oxygen uniformly in the parenchyma compromises the cardiovascular system and hence contributes to the aging of the organism. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the biochemical, structural, and biomechanical properties of the aging lung parenchyma. We also discuss several measurement techniques that are suitable to assess the biomechanical properties of the lung. Following a review of general constitutive relations used in lung biomechanics, we derive a specific multiscale constitutive equation for the lung tissue strip that allows us to partition the contributions of collagen, elastin, their volume fraction, and their interaction with the proteoglycan matrix. This model provides a better understanding of how airspace enlargement, local stiffening of ECM fibers and macroscopic lung compliance are related to each other. These constitutive relations have important implications for lung function during aging. Specifically, there is an increase in ECM stiffness due to cross-linking of collagen which influences cellular behavior at the microscale. Despite ECM stiffening, at the scale of thousands of alveoli, parenchymal stiffness may be near normal and lung compliance may even increase in the elderly due to the enlargement alveoli enabling relatively normal gas exchange in the absence of exercise. Finally, we discuss possible new research directions that may help better understand and reduce the risk of pulmonary diseases of old age.

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“…IL-10 was equivalent to the measurements in younger study subjects. An overall basal increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines is observed with aging 38 . Although we evaluated structures containing proinflammatory cytokines, we observed more IL-10-containing structures, suggesting the predominance of antiinflammation is explained as controlling conditions to suppress and regulate the inflammatory environment in relatively healthy lungs regardless of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and regulatory cytokines in relatively healthy lung tissue as an essential part of the local immune system

Vitenberga¹,

Pilmane²

2017

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub

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Background. The innate and adaptive immune systems in lungs are maintained not only by immune cells but also by non-immune tissue structures, locally providing wide intercellular communication networks and regulating the local tissue immune response. Aims. The aim of this study was to determine the appearance and distribution of inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and regulatory cytokines in relatively healthy lung tissue samples. Material and Methods. We evaluated lung tissue specimens obtained from 49 patients aged 9-95 years in relatively healthy study subjects. Tissue samples were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-7 (IL-7), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were detected by an immunohistochemistry (IMH) method. The number of positive structures was counted semiquantitatively by microscopy. Non-parametric tests were used to analyse the data. Results. IL-1-positive cells were mostly found in the bronchial cartilage and alveolar epithelium. Immunoreactive lung macrophages were also found. The numbers of IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, and IL-10 containing cells were also found in the bronchial epithelium (in addition to those previously listed). The number of positive structures varied from occasional to moderate, but was graded higher in cartilage. Overall, fewer IL-1-positive cells and more IL-10-positive cells were found. Almost no positive structures for all examined cytokines were found in connective tissue and bronchial glands. Conclusions. Relatively healthy lung tissue exhibits anti-inflammatory response patterns. The cytokine distribution and appearance suggest persistent stimulation of cytokine expression in lung tissue and indicate the presence of local regulatory and modulating patterns. The pronounced cytokine distribution in bronchial cartilage suggests the involvement of a compensatory local immune response in the supporting tissue.

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Molecular composition of the alveolar lining fluid in the aging lung

Cited by 103 publications

References 70 publications

Intrinsically altered lung‐resident γδT cells control lung melanoma by producing interleukin‐17A in the elderly

Intrinsically altered lung‐resident γδT cells control lung melanoma by producing interleukin‐17A in the elderly

Biomechanics of the Aging Lung Parenchyma

Inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and regulatory cytokines in relatively healthy lung tissue as an essential part of the local immune system

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