Molecular cut-off values of dialysis membranes for alginate and kappa-carrageenan oligosaccharides

Knutsen, Svein Halvor; Moe, Størker T.; Larsen, Bj�rn; Grasdalen, Hans

doi:10.1007/bf00049086

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…They comprise refractive index (RI) (Ekeberg, Knutsen, & Sletmoen, 2001;Ekström & Kuivinen, 1983;Karlsson & Singhb, 1999;Knutsen, Moe, Larsen, & Grasdalen, 1993;Knutsen et al, 2001;Montolalu, Tashiro, Matsukawa, & Ogawa, 2007;Spichtig & Austin, 2008;Sworn et al, 1987), low-angle laser light scattering (LALLS) (Hjerde et al, 1999), multi-angle light scattering (MALS) (Girod, Baldet-Dupy, Maillols, & Devoisselle, 2001) and vacuumultraviolet inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP) (Uno et al 2001). Triple detector system (RI-viscometerlight scattering) (Myslabodski, Stancioffh, & Heckertta, 1996) and dual detector systems: RI and LALLS (Slootmaekers et al, 1991), RI and light scattering (Singh & Jacobsson, 1994;Viebke, Borgström, & Piculell, 1995), RI and MALS (Marcelo, Saiz, & Tarazona, 2005) have also been described.…”

Section: Molecular Weight Analysis Through Size-exclusion Chromatogramentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrageenans: Biological properties, chemical modifications and structural analysis – A review

Campo

Kawano

Silva

et al. 2009

Carbohydrate Polymers

1,140

558

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Section: Molecular Weight Analysis Through Size-exclusion Chromatogramentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrageenans: Biological properties, chemical modifications and structural analysis – A review

Campo

Kawano

Silva

et al. 2009

Carbohydrate Polymers

1,140

558

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…2 In contrast to xanthan, the minor peak only corresponded to a part of the low-MW fraction. The remaining part consisted of dialyzable fragments, i.e., tetramers and smaller 37 (up to 38% of the total mass after 360 h), which was quantified by a simple mass balance (Table 1).…”

Section: Hydrolysis In the Orderedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid Hydrolysis of κ- and ι-Carrageenan in the Disordered and Ordered Conformations: Characterization of Partially Hydrolyzed Samples and Single-Stranded Oligomers Released from the Ordered Structures

et al. 1998

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κ- and ι-carrageenan that were partially hydrolyzed in dilute acid while being in the ordered conformation (induced by LiI or LiCl, respectively) gave rise to bimodal molecular weight distributions (MWDs) as shown by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and gel filtration. Optical rotation measurements showed that the high molecular weight (MW) fraction remained conformationally ordered, whereas the low-MW fraction was in the disordered state. The relative amount of the low-MW fraction increased with degradation time. By inducing the disordered conformation (in 0.01 M LiCl) the weight average molecular weight (M w) of the partially hydrolyzed samples decreased 1.5−3 times. These results are interpreted in favor of a double-stranded ordered conformation. Partial hydrolysis of this structure yields a metastable, partially double-stranded structure containing chain breaks that are “unexposed” due to partial overlap of the individual chain fragments. When the degree of polymerization (DP) of such fragments decrease below the critical value (DPc) for duplex stabilization the fragments are released and appear as a separate low-MW fraction in the SEC chromatograms. DPc was estimated to be approximately 100 residues in both cases. After induction of the disordered conformation in partially hydrolyzed samples the molecular weight distribution remained bimodal. For κ-carrageenan this is attributed to the higher rate of hydrolysis in the disordered fragments than in the parent ordered chains, which also leads to a rapid accumulation of dialyzable oligomers (DP 1−4). For ι-carrageenan, where the rate of hydrolysis ideally is independent of the conformational state, the bimodality is tentatively attributed to the presence of κ-units (partially formed by desulfation), which are hydrolyzed more rapidly in the disordered state than in the ordered state.

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“…From the commercial point of view, the most important carageenans can be categorized into kappa (k-), iota (i-), and lambda (λ-) carrageenans, which differ in the number and position of the sulfate groups. Analysis of their structures can be performed by acidic hydrolysis, for which methods have been developed based on reductive hydrolysis [ 12 – 14 ]. Additionally recent studiesshowthatcarrageenan, exhibits many biological and physiological activities besides its antitumor potential [ 15 ], including anticoagulant [ 16 , 17 ], antithrombotic [ 18 , 19 ], and anti-inflammatory properties [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrageenan delays cell cycle progression in human cancer cells in vitro demonstrated by FUCCI imaging

Prasedya

Miyake

Kobayashi

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundCarrageenan is a sulfated polysaccharide that exists in red seaweeds recently shown to have anticancer properties. Previous findings show various effects of carrageenan suppressing tumor cell growth. One of the hallmarks of cancer is uncontrolled proliferation, a consequence of loss of normal cell-cycle control, that underlies tumor growth. Recently there is an increasing interest in potential anticancer agents that affect cell cycle in cancer cells. Thus, in this study we investigated the effects of carrageenan on the tumor cell cycle.MethodsUsing human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa) cells as and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), the cytotoxic effects of kappa carrageenan (k-CO) and lambda carrageenan (λ-CO) at the concentrations of 250–2500 μg/mL were observed. Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay while cell death rates were determined using staining with calcein-AM/propidium iodide. Cell-cycle profile and progression were demonstrated with HeLa cells expressing FUCCI (fluorescence ubiquitination-based cell-cycle indicator) probes (HeLa-FUCCI).ResultsCarrageenan had no significant effect on HUVEC (normal cells). In contrast both forms of carrageenan were cytotoxic towards HeLa cells (cancer cells). Furthermore, according to cell-cycle analysis with FUCCI cells, the cell cycle of HeLa cells was delayed in specific phases due to different carrageenan treatments.ConclusionConsidering these results, it could be suggested that carrageenan affects the cell-cycle of HeLa cells not only by arresting the cell cycle in specific phases but also by delaying the time needed for the cell to progress through the cell cycle. Additionally, different types of carrageenans have different effects on cell cycle progression. This effect of carrageenan towards cancer cells could possibly be developed into a tumor cell-specific anticancer agent.

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Molecular cut-off values of dialysis membranes for alginate and kappa-carrageenan oligosaccharides

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Carrageenans: Biological properties, chemical modifications and structural analysis – A review

Carrageenans: Biological properties, chemical modifications and structural analysis – A review

Acid Hydrolysis of κ- and ι-Carrageenan in the Disordered and Ordered Conformations: Characterization of Partially Hydrolyzed Samples and Single-Stranded Oligomers Released from the Ordered Structures

Carrageenan delays cell cycle progression in human cancer cells in vitro demonstrated by FUCCI imaging

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