Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis and Meiotic Pairing Behavior of Progenies Originating from a Hexaploid Triticale (×<b><i>Triticosecale</i></b>, Wittmack) and Bread Wheat (<b><i>Triticum aestivum</i></b>, L.) Cross

Abstract

The chromosomal constitution of 9 dwarf (D) and 8 semidwarf (SD) lines derived by crossing hexaploid Triticale line NA-75 (AABBRR, 2n = 6x = 42) with Triticumaestivum (AABBDD, 2n = 6x = 42) cv. Chinese Spring was investigated using molecular cytogenetic techniques: fluorescence in situ hybridization and genomic in situ hybridization. A wheat-rye translocation (T4DS.7RL), 8 substitution lines, and a ditelosomic addition line (7RSdt) were identified. In the substitution lines, 1, 2, or 4 pairs of wheat chromosomes, belonging to the A, B, or D genome, were replaced by rye chromosomes. Substitutions between chromosomes belonging to different wheat genomes [5B(5A), 1D(1B)] also occurred. The lines were genetically stable, each carrying 42 chromosomes, except the wheat-rye ditelosomic addition line, which carried 21 pairs of wheat chromosomes and 1 pair of rye telocentric chromosomes (7RS). The chromosome pairing behavior of the lines was studied during metaphase I of meiosis. The chromosome pairing level and the number of ring bivalents were different for each line. Besides rod bivalents, univalent and multivalent associations (tri- and quadrivalents) were also detected. The main goal of the experiment was to develop genetically stable wheat/Triticale recombinant lines carrying chromosomes/chromatin fragments originating from the R genome of Triticale line NA-75. Introgression of rye genes into hexaploid wheat can broaden its genetic diversity, and the newly developed lines can be used in wheat breeding programs.

Lodging resistance and feeding quality of triticale and cereal rye lines in an alpine pastoral area of P. R. China

“…Studies on triticale have mainly focused on its molecular biology (Kselíková et al, 2020), breeding (Aliyeva et al, 2020;Neuweiler et al, 2020), pathology (Rodriguez-Algaba et al, 2019), forage production and nutrition (Giunta et al, 2020;Kchaou et al, 2017;Maxin et al, 2017), and cold…”

“…Studies on triticale have mainly focused on its molecular biology (Kselíková et al., 2020), breeding (Aliyeva et al., 2020; Neuweiler et al., 2020), pathology (Rodriguez‐Algaba et al., 2019), forage production and nutrition (Giunta et al., 2020; Kchaou et al., 2017; Maxin et al., 2017), and cold and drought resistance (Blum, 2014; Munjonji et al., 2016). The research on lodging resistance of triticale is mainly the selection of low cultivars (Litvinov et al., 2020), and the research on the influence of its stalk structure and chemical composition on lodging resistance has not been seen.…”