Molecular data highlight hybridization in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri, Cebidae)

Carneiro, Jeferson; Rodrigues‐Filho, Luis Fernando da Silva; Schneider, Horácio; Sampaio, Iracilda

doi:10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0091

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The homogeneity found among alpha repeats of all analyzed species may be due to the recent Saimiri species diversification (1.4-0.8 million years ago-Mya) 3 and/or to hybridization events. In fact, hybridization has been reported between S. sciureus and S. ustus 34 , between S. boliviensis and S. sciureus, and between S. boliviensis and S. ustus 35 . Another possibility is that the alpha repeats have been conserved due to their important role in centromere function and maintenance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variable chromosomal localization of CapA among the Saimiri species analyzed herein suggests that, combined with FN, this sequence may be used as a valuable tool in taxonomic identification. Hybridization in squirrel monkeys has been reported in captivity and in nature 4,6,35 and CapA mapping may also reveal the origin of chromosome sets in hybrids more precisely than chromosome morphology or banding patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Satellite DNAs in Squirrel Monkeys genus Saimiri (Cebidae, Platyrrhini)

Valeri¹,

Dias²,

Moreira³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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the genus Saimiri is a decades-long taxonomic and phylogenetic puzzle to which cytogenetics has contributed crucial data. All Saimiri species apparently have a diploid number of 2n = 44 but vary in the number of chromosome arms. Repetitive sequences such as satellite DnAs are potentially informative cytogenetic markers because they display high evolutionary rates. our goal is to increase the pertinent karyological data by more fully characterizing satellite DnA sequences in the Saimiri genus. We were able to identify two abundant satellite DNAs, alpha (~340 bp) and CapA (~1,500 bp), from short-read clustering of sequencing datasets from S. boliviensis. The alpha sequences comprise about 1% and the CapA 2.2% of the S. boliviensis genome. We also mapped both satellite DnAs in S. boliviensis, S. sciureus, S. vanzolinii, and S. ustus. The alpha has high interspecific repeat homogeneity and was mapped to the centromeres of all analyzed species. capA is associated with non-pericentromeric heterochromatin and its distribution varies among Saimiri species. We conclude that capA genomic distribution and its pervasiveness across platyrrhini makes it an attractive cytogenetic marker for Saimiri and other new World monkeys. Squirrel monkeys of the genus Saimiri (Cebidae, Platyrrhini) are medium sized neotropical primates inhabiting forest environments of South America. They range from about 10°N to 17°S including the Amazon basin, the Guianas, and coastal zones of Central America 1,2. As for many other New World monkey (NWM) taxa the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Saimiri are still debated 3. Even the number of species is uncertain, historically ranging from one to 16 distinguished species 4-11. In a recent molecular report on mitochondrial D-Loop and cyt b sequences, Alfaro et al. 3 presented a provisional taxonomy of seven Saimiri species and various subspecies: (1) S. boliviensis, (2) S.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Satellite DNAs in Squirrel Monkeys genus Saimiri (Cebidae, Platyrrhini)

Valeri¹,

Dias²,

Moreira³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…While hybridization and introgression are common along species edges of some Platyrrhini genera (e.g., Bicca-Marques et al, 2008;Mercês et al, 2015;Carneiro et al, 2016), many currently described adjacent species were not supported molecularly. Nevertheless, adjacent species were more phylogenetically similar when no geographical barrier was evident.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Rivers as Geographical Barriers in Shaping Genetic Differentiation and Diversity of Neotropical Primates

Helenbrook¹,

Valdez²

2023

Preprint

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The role of rivers in driving molecular variation and speciation through vicariance across the Neotropics remains contested. Here, we test the river barrier hypothesis by analyzing the impact of river and mountain barriers on biogeographical distributions and molecular variation in New World monkeys (Parvorder: Platyrrhini). In this quantitative molecular assessment, we analyze variability in partial sequences of mitochondrial molecular markers (cytochrome oxidase subunit II and cytochrome b) to assess taxonomic differences and impacts of geographical barriers on molecular patterns across New World monkeys. Nearly 80% of described primate species across Central and South America are separated by geographical barriers. River width was positively associated with molecular dissimilarity on opposing riverbanks of adjacent taxa for both molecular markers. Streamflow was also positively associated, though not significant, likely due to a small sample size. Aotus and Saguinus on opposing riverbanks were far more divergent than expected based on river width, whereas Saimiri and Sapajus species were more similar than anticipated. Several presently described taxa were not supported based solely on these molecular phylogenetic markers, including Saimiri, Mico, Cebus, Sapajus, and Cherecebus. These taxonomic issues are far more common where river barriers do not exist. We found river width was significantly correlated with molecular divergence in adjacent taxa: the wider the river the greater the molecular dissimilarity for two widely used mitochondrial genes. The vast majority of species boundaries were at the interface of rivers and for those with no discernable geological barrier, we found an increased likelihood that the two presently described adjoining species were molecularly similar Some genera such as adjacent Saguinus species, had a much higher molecular similarity of adjacent species than others. Our results show both river and mountain barriers are significantly associated with reduced gene flow for the vast majority of neotropical taxa, that the geological formation of river barriers coincides with estimated speciation events, and that river width can be used as a tool to estimate molecular divergence in adjacent taxa, particularly useful in areas with limited sampling.

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“…However, there is evidence that some genes would have entered the "pure" species on both sides, with exchanges occurring at the time of hybridization (Arntzen and Wallis 1991). In primates there are also several cases of hybridization (Arnold and Meyer 2006), reported among New World Monkeys, as identified in Saimiri species (Carneiro et al 2016;Mourthe et al 2019) as well as in Old World Monkeys, as Pan troglodytes and Pan paniscus (Vervaecke and Elsacker 1992;de Manuel et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What have the revelations about Neanderthal DNA revealed about Homo sapiens?

Guimarães

Silva

2020

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Genetic studies have presented increasing indications about the complexity of the interactions between Homo sapiens, Neanderthals and Denisovans, during Pleistocene. The results indicate potential replacement or admixture of the groups of hominins that lived in the same region at different times. Recently, the time of separation among these hominins in relation to the Last Common Ancestor – LCA has been reasonably well established. Events of mixing with emphasis on the Neanderthal gene flow into H. sapiens outside Africa, Denisovans into H. sapiens ancestors in Oceania and continental Asia, Neanderthals into Denisovans, as well as the origin of some phenotypic features in specific populations such as the color of the skin, eyes, hair and predisposition to develop certain kinds of diseases have also been found. The current information supports the existence of both replacement and interbreeding events, and indicates the need to revise the two main explanatory models, the Multiregional and the Out-of-Africa hypotheses, about the origin and evolution of H. sapiens and its co-relatives. There is definitely no longer the possibility of justifying only one model over the other. This paper aims to provide a brief review and update on the debate around this issue, considering the advances brought about by the recent genetic as well as morphological traits analyses.

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Molecular data highlight hybridization in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri, Cebidae)

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Characterization of Satellite DNAs in Squirrel Monkeys genus Saimiri (Cebidae, Platyrrhini)

Characterization of Satellite DNAs in Squirrel Monkeys genus Saimiri (Cebidae, Platyrrhini)

The Role of Rivers as Geographical Barriers in Shaping Genetic Differentiation and Diversity of Neotropical Primates

What have the revelations about Neanderthal DNA revealed about Homo sapiens?

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