Molecular data storage with zero synthetic effort and simple read-out

Bohn, Philipp; Weisel, Maximilian P.; Wolfs, Jonas; Meier, Michael A. R.

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-18108-9

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Among them, novel memories using nanocarbon materials are expected to be suitable in terms of improving density and high durability. [5][6][7] From these backgrounds, we focused on the sumanene-inserted bilayer graphene structure, which has been reported through first-principle calculations. 8) The bowl-shaped molecules of the nanocarbon material are called sumanene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stacked structure dependence on resistive switching characteristics in sumanene molecular memory

Kawai,

Ashihara,

Ishikawa

et al. 2024

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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Nonvolatile memories using molecular (molecular memories) are attracting attention. This is because these materials are suitable for miniaturization and higher capacity of memories in terms of the properties and dimensions. We have already demonstrated that the MIM devices with sumanene-inserted bilayer graphene show1) huge resistive switching characteristics. However, the reason why the resistive switching occurs in graphene / sumanene / graphene structure has yet to be clarified. In this work, to investigate the mechanisms for resistive switching phenomenon in sumanene-inserted bilayer graphene, the plural kinds of stacked MIM structures are fabricated and evaluated. As a results, the measurement results clearly show that the graphene / sumanene / graphene structure is indispensable for resistive switching phenomenon. Furthermore, based on the temperature dependence of the resistive switching, it is confirmed that a significant ION/IOFF ratio can be obtained at higher operation temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stacked structure dependence on resistive switching characteristics in sumanene molecular memory

Kawai,

Ashihara,

Ishikawa

et al. 2024

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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“…Molecular or chemical-based computers may be one attractive family of alternative computing systems. Chemical computers have been developed based on reaction-diffusion systems and oscillating chemical reactions such as the Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction, − while molecular computers have historically utilized DNA or other biological molecules to assist in computations. − More broadly, molecular approaches to a variety of critical computational subsystems, including memory, ,− image processing and recognition, , digital circuits, and logic gates, − are being pursued to investigate the nature of any perceived molecular advantage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Experimental Noise in a Hybrid Classical-Molecular Computer to Solve Combinatorial Optimization Problems

et al. 2023

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Chemical and molecular-based computers may be promising alternatives to modern silicon-based computers. In particular, hybrid systems, where tasks are split between a chemical medium and traditional silicon components, may provide access and demonstration of chemical advantages such as scalability, low power dissipation, and genuine randomness. This work describes the development of a hybrid classical-molecular computer (HCMC) featuring an electrochemical reaction on top of an array of discrete electrodes with a fluorescent readout. The chemical medium, optical readout, and electrode interface combined with a classical computer generate a feedback loop to solve several canonical optimization problems in computer science such as number partitioning and prime factorization. Importantly, the HCMC makes constructive use of experimental noise in the optical readout, a milestone for molecular systems, to solve these optimization problems, as opposed to in silico random number generation. Specifically, we show calculations stranded in local minima can consistently converge on a global minimum in the presence of experimental noise. Scalability of the hybrid computer is demonstrated by expanding the number of variables from 4 to 7, increasing the number of possible solutions by 1 order of magnitude. This work provides a stepping stone to fully molecular approaches to solving complex computational problems using chemistry.

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“…Recently, Amalian and co-workers demonstrated the power of DESI-MS/MS in decoding of digital information from surfaces 8 . In addition to mass spectrometry, information stored at the molecular level can be read back by other methods, such as 1 H-NMR 13 , 18 , 19 , fluorescence 20 , or Raman spectroscopy 21 , or gas chromatography 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular data storage using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry for decoding

Pardi-Tóth,

Kuki,

Kordován

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Molecular data storage is becoming a viable alternative to traditional information storage systems. Here, we propose a method where the presence or absence of a given molecule in a mixture of compounds represents a bit of information. As a novel approach, direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry is used to recover and decode the information stored at the molecular level. Nicotinic acid derivatives were synthesized and used as the ‘bit compounds’. Their volatility and ease of ionization make these molecules especially suitable for DART-MS detection. The application of DART-MS as a method with an ambient ionization technique, enables the re-reading of digital chemical codes embedded in the material of ordinary objects. Our method is designed to store and read back short pieces of digital information, up to several hundred bits. These codes can have the function of barcodes or QR codes, as shown in our proof-of-principle applications. First, modelling a QR code as a link to our university's website, three solutions were prepared, each representing 22 bits. Proceeding further, the bit compounds were incorporated into a polymer matrix that is suitable for 3D printing, and a toy ship was created with a hidden barcode. In addition, decoding software was developed to process the DART-MS spectra. The nicotinic acid components representing the bits dominated the DART-MS spectra and error-free decoding was achieved.

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Molecular data storage with zero synthetic effort and simple read-out

Cited by 11 publications

References 70 publications

Stacked structure dependence on resistive switching characteristics in sumanene molecular memory

Stacked structure dependence on resistive switching characteristics in sumanene molecular memory

The Role of Experimental Noise in a Hybrid Classical-Molecular Computer to Solve Combinatorial Optimization Problems

Molecular data storage using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry for decoding

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