Molecular detection and genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in family pet dogs obtained from different routes in Japan

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background: Enterocytozoon bieneusi , a common opportunistic fungal pathogen, has a wide range of hosts. Limited epidemiological data on E. bieneusi intestinal infections in companion animals (dogs and cats) in China exists. In this study, fecal samples (651 from dogs and 389 from cats) in Guangzhou city, Guangdong Province, China, were collected, and the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region from the DNA extracted from them was PCR-amplified and sequenced. Results: Based on the sequencing data, E. bieneusi was identified in the fecal samples collected from 149 (22.9%) and 79 (20.3%) dogs and cats. Of the factors investigated, poor living conditions appeared be the major risk factor for contracting the pathogen. Eleven E. bieneusi genotypes, six known (PtEb IX, GD1, D,CD9 , EbpC, I) and five novel (designated here as GD2– GD6), were found in dogs. Eight genotypes, six known (PtEb IX, GD1, D, CD9, EbpC, Type IV) and two novel (GD2 and GC1), were identified in cats. Genotype PtEb IX was most common in both dogs and cats, followed by genotype GD1. Conclusions: Although PtEb IX was the most common E. bieneusi genotype in dogs, this is the first report of this genotype dominating in cats. The same genotype distribution of the pathogen between the two different companion animals species in the same geographic area indicates that inter-species transmission is probable. The widespread existence of zoonotic E. bieneusi genotypes (D, EbpC, Type IV) in companion animals indicates that they are potential sources of environmental contamination and infections in humans.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Occurrence, risk factors and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in dogs and cats in Guangzhou, southern China: high genotype diversity and zoonotic concern

Wang¹,

et al. 2020

Preprint

“…A high degree of genetic diversity in E. bieneusi was observed in dogs (PtEb IX, GD1 to GD6, D, CD9, EbpC, I) and cats (PtEb IX, GD1 to GD2, D, CD9, EbpC, Type IV, GC1) in the present study; these ndings show similarity with some studies in Heilongjiang, Henan and Anhui provinces, China [12,14,15]. In contrast, low genetic heterogeneity in E. bieneusi was observed in dogs and cats in other studies with only genotypes PtEb IX and D found in dogs and genotypes Type IV and D in cats in Shanghai city, China [16], only one genotype, PtEb IX, in dogs in Japan [24], and one genotype, D, in cats in Slovakia, Poland, and the Czech Republic [21]. As with most previous reports [10,12,[14][15][16]24], we identi ed genotype PtEbIX as dominant in dogs and cats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In contrast, low genetic heterogeneity in E. bieneusi was observed in dogs and cats in other studies with only genotypes PtEb IX and D found in dogs and genotypes Type IV and D in cats in Shanghai city, China [16], only one genotype, PtEb IX, in dogs in Japan [24], and one genotype, D, in cats in Slovakia, Poland, and the Czech Republic [21]. As with most previous reports [10,12,[14][15][16]24], we identi ed genotype PtEbIX as dominant in dogs and cats. PtEb IX appears to have a relatively narrow host-range and is considered the most common dog-adapted E. bieneusi genotype [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Occurrence, risk factors and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in dogs and cats in Guangzhou, southern China: high genotype diversity and zoonotic concern

Wang¹,

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background: Enterocytozoon bieneusi, a common opportunistic fungal pathogen, has a wide range of hosts. Limited epidemiological data on E. bieneusi intestinal infections in companion animals (dogs and cats) in China exists. In this study, fecal samples (651 from dogs and 389 from cats) in Guangzhou city, Guangdong Province, China, were collected, and the ribosomal internal transcribed (ITS) spacer region from the DNA extracted from them was Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-amplified and sequenced.Results: Based on the sequencing data, E. bieneusi was identified in the fecal samples collected from 149 (22.9%) and 79 (20.3%) dogs and cats. Of the factors investigated, poor living conditions appeared to be the major risk factor for contracting the pathogen. Eleven E. bieneusi genotypes, six known (PtEb IX, GD1, D, CD9, EbpC, I) and five novel (designated here as GD2– GD6), were found in dogs. Eight genotypes, six known (PtEb IX, GD1, D, CD9, EbpC, Type IV) and two novel (GD2 and GC1), were identified in cats. Genotype PtEb IX was most common in both dogs and cats, followed by genotype GD1.Conclusions: Although PtEb IX was the most common E. bieneusi genotype in dogs, this is the first report of this genotype dominating in cats. The same genotype distribution of the pathogen between the two different companion animals species in the same geographic area indicates that inter-species transmission is probable. The widespread existence of zoonotic E. bieneusi genotypes (D, EbpC, Type IV) in companion animals indicates that they are potential sources of environmental contamination and infections in humans.

“…In the present study, our risk analysis confirmed that the infection rates in animals from shelters and pet markets were significantly higher than those from pet hospitals and breeding centers. There was no significant age-associated difference in E. bieneusi infection rates in dogs and cats for the age groups we studied (≤ 6 monthsjuveniles vs. > 6 months adults).This finding accords with observations from Colombia, three surveys from Shanghai city and Henan and Anhui provinces in China [10,[14][15][16]19], but differs from the findings from two recent occurrence of the pathogen and age of the dogs and cats [9,24]. Similarly, two previous reports from Anhui and Henan provinces [14,15] However, this is the first time that genotype PtEb IX has been identified as dominant in cats, which is inconsistent with most studies that have reported that Type IV and D are most common in cats [7, 12, 14-16, 21, 26].…”

Section: E Bieneusi Infection Ratessupporting

confidence: 84%

Occurrence, risk factors and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in dogs and cats in Guangzhou, southern China: high genotype diversity and zoonotic concern

Wang¹,

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background: Enterocytozoon bieneusi, an obligate protist pathogen, has a wide range of hosts. Limited epidemiological data on E. bieneusi intestinal infections in companion animals (dogs and cats) in China exists. In this study, fecal samples (651 from dogs and 389from cats) in Guangzhou city, Guangdong Province, China, were collected, and the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region from the DNA extracted from them was PCR-amplified and sequenced.Results: Based on the sequencing data, E. bieneusiwas identified in the fecal samples collected from 149 (22.9%) and 79 (20.3%) dogs and cats. Of the factors investigated, poor living conditions appeared be the major risk factor for contracting the pathogen. Eleven E. bieneusi genotypes, six known (PtEb IX,GD1, D,CD9, EbpC, I) and five novel (designated here as GD2–GD6), were found in dogs. Eight genotypes, six known (PtEbIX, GD1, D, CD9, EbpC, Type IV) and two novel (GD2 and GC1), were identified in cats. Genotype PtEb IX was most common in both dogs and cats.Conclusions: Although PtEb IX was the most common E. bieneusi genotype in dogs, this is the first report of this genotype dominating in cats. The same genotype distribution of the pathogen between the two different companion animal species in the same geographic area indicates that inter-species transmission is probable. The widespread existence of zoonotic E. bieneusig enotypes in companion animals indicates that they are potential sources of environmental contamination and infections in humans.