Molecular detection of bacteria in the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in northern crested caracaras (Caracara cheriway)

Erwin, John A.; Fitak, Robert R.; Dwyer, James F.; Morrison, Joan L.; Culver, Melanie

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.01.015

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Ehrlichial DNA, including that of E. chaffeensis, has been detected in the blood of various avian species including the northern crested caracaras (Caracara cheriway), the American kestrel (Falco sparverius), and the black vulture (Coragyps atratus). 37,38 In this context, birds could serve as amplifying hosts for the bacteria, providing a source of infection for naive ticks as well as the distribution of bacteria across broad geographic regions. [38][39][40] Indeed, one study investigating the tick species found on birds in the state of Georgia reported that the predominate tick identified was A. americanum, the primary vector of E. chaffeensis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37,38 In this context, birds could serve as amplifying hosts for the bacteria, providing a source of infection for naive ticks as well as the distribution of bacteria across broad geographic regions. [38][39][40] Indeed, one study investigating the tick species found on birds in the state of Georgia reported that the predominate tick identified was A. americanum, the primary vector of E. chaffeensis. 41 In addition, ehrlichial DNA has been detected in nymphal stage lone star ticks removed from multiple avian species, including the pale thrush (Turdus pallidus), the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs), the common blackbird (Tardus merula), the brambling (Fringilla montifringilla), the Eurasian wren (Troglodytes troglodytes), and the willow warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Locus Sequence Typing of Ehrlichia chaffeensis Reveals Extensive Genotypic Variation across the United States

Zambrano

Paddock

Karpathy

2021

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Ehrlichia chaffeensis causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis, and its principal vector is the Amblyomma americanum tick. The most frequently identified cases of ehrlichiosis come from the southeastern and south central states of the United States. In this study, a molecular typing system was developed that allows for the genetic differentiation of E. chaffeensis isolates. This multi-locus typing system included sequencing and analyzing intergenic regions ECH0033–ECH0035 and ECH0217–ECH0218, plus, variable genes variable length PCR target, 28-kDa, 120-kDa, and hemE. We examined a total of 31 unique isolates from humans and white-tailed deer, and eight DNA samples extracted from infected A. americanum collected from multiple states. This is the largest evaluation of E. chaffeensis isolates and their genotypes. Our findings show that when sequences of all six loci were concatenated and compared, the 39 samples could be separated into 23 genotypes and further grouped into six phylogenetic clades. The data in this study show no clear pattern between the geographic alignment with the genetic differentiation between the strains. As a result, this poses a challenge to understanding the spread of E. chaffeensis in the United States. Interestingly, our findings indicate that multiple strains from distant geographic origins share the same mutations, which suggests that the strains are being moved from one site to another by their hosts or vectors. In addition, we are seeing a northward shift in the lone star tick distribution in the United States. Last, some data also suggest minimal genetic mutations have occurred over time among strains that are within geographical proximity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Locus Sequence Typing of Ehrlichia chaffeensis Reveals Extensive Genotypic Variation across the United States

Zambrano

Paddock

Karpathy

2021

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Other agents of the genera Borrelia, Anaplasma and Ehrlichia were also detected in ticks that were parasitizing wild birds. In North America and parts of Europe, the DNA of these agents was detected in these arthropods, which were collected from birds (SCOTT et al, 2010;PALOMAR et al, 2012;ERWIN et al, 2016). Moreover, the species of ticks found on birds can also parasitize humans (GUGLIELMONE et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemoparasites in ticks of wild birds of Serra dos Órgãos National Park, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Pacheco

Cordeiro

Cepeda

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The aim of this study is to detect the presence of tick-borne agents of genera Rickettsia, Borrelia, Babesia, Ehrlichia and Anaplasma in ticks collected from native wild birds in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Birds were captured and observed carefully to find the ectoparasites. DNA detection of hemoparasites was performed by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The sequences obtained were analyzed and their homologies were compared to the available isolates in the GenBank platform database. A total of 33 birds were captured from 20 different species, of which 14 were parasitized by Amblyomma longirostre (n = 22). There was absence of DNA from agents of the genera Babesia, Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in the evaluated samples. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that one sample had 100% identity with Rickettsia bellii (KJ534309), the other two samples showed 100% identity with Rickettsia sp. Aranha strain and strain AL (EU274654 and AY360216). The positive sample for R. bellii was also demonstrated to be positive for Borrelia sp., which presented a similarity of 91% with Borrelia turcica (KF422815). This is the first description of Borrelia sp. in ticks of the genus Amblyomma in South America.

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Molecular and serological detection of arthropod-borne pathogens in carnivorous birds from Brazil

Sacchi

André

Calchi

et al. 2021

Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports

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Molecular detection of bacteria in the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in northern crested caracaras (Caracara cheriway)

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Multi-Locus Sequence Typing of Ehrlichia chaffeensis Reveals Extensive Genotypic Variation across the United States

Multi-Locus Sequence Typing of Ehrlichia chaffeensis Reveals Extensive Genotypic Variation across the United States

Hemoparasites in ticks of wild birds of Serra dos Órgãos National Park, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Molecular and serological detection of arthropod-borne pathogens in carnivorous birds from Brazil

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