Molecular detection of Burkholderia mallei in different geographic regions of Brazil

Suniga, Paula A Pereira; Mantovani, Cynthia; Santos, Maria Gisele dos; Rieger, Juliana S Gomes; Gaspar, Emanuelle Baldo; Santos, Fernando Leandro dos; Mota, Rinaldo Aparecido; Chaves, Karla Patrícia; Egito, A. A. do; Filho, José C. Oliveira; Nassar, Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro; Santos, Lenita Ramires dos; Araújo, Flábio R.

doi:10.1007/s42770-023-00965-9

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These criteria include the presence of clinical or pathological signs consistent with glanders, direct detection of B. mallei in microbiological cultures, or the identification of specific antigens or genetic material in biological samples. However, there is accumulating evidence supporting the high specificity of the serological tests currently utilized in Brazil, such as ELISA and WB, as documented by [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The characterization of the strains circulating in the countries is an important way to contribute to the development of strategies for sanitation and eradication of the pathogen. Bacterial isolation is a challenging factor reported in the literature, especially for chronic animals with lower pathogen loads in the tissues and higher microbial diversity [10,11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, equids that work in sugar cane fields in the forest zone of the Northeast are more frequently reported to exhibit symptomatic cases of glanders [7][8][9]. Conversely, reports on glanders in other regions generally describe asymptomatic animals or those with mild clinical changes [10,11]. However, there has been no systematic study to evaluate the comprehensiveness of the clinical and physical examinations that have led to the determination of asymptomatic status in these animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is an increasing need to isolate and characterize Brazilian strains of B. mallei to better comprehend its transmission and virulence aspects [10][11][12]. This paper aims to illustrate the detection of B. mallei in a seropositive mare that displayed no clinical symptoms, employing a comprehensive approach that integrates microbiological culture, mass spectrometry, and genome sequencing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glanders Diagnosis in an Asymptomatic Mare from Brazil: Insights from Serology, Microbiological Culture, Mass Spectrometry, and Genome Sequencing

Suniga,

Mantovani,

dos Santos

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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This manuscript elucidates the occurrence of glanders in an asymptomatic mare from Brazil presenting positive Burkholderia mallei antibody titers. The diagnosis was established through a multi-pronged approach encompassing microbiological culture, mass spectrometry, and genome sequencing. The outbreak occurred in 2019 in Tatuí, São Paulo, Brazil, and the infected mare, despite displaying no clinical symptoms, had multiple miliary lesions in the liver, as well as intense catarrhal discharge in the trachea. Samples were collected from various organs and subjected to bacterial isolation, molecular detection, and identification. The strain was identified as B. mallei using PCR and confirmed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 5.51 Mb with a GC content of 65.8%, 5871 genes (including 4 rRNA and 53 tRNA genes), and 5583 coding DNA sequences (CDSs). Additionally, 227 predicted pseudogenes were detected. In silico analysis of different genomic loci that allow for differentiation with Burkholderia pseudomallei confirmed the identity of the isolate as B. mallei, in addition to the characteristic genome size. The BAC 86/19 strain was identified as lineage 3, sublineage 2, which includes other strains from Brazil, India, and Iran. The genome sequencing of this strain provides valuable information that can be used to better understand the pathogen and its epidemiology, as well as to develop diagnostic tools for glanders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glanders Diagnosis in an Asymptomatic Mare from Brazil: Insights from Serology, Microbiological Culture, Mass Spectrometry, and Genome Sequencing

Suniga,

Mantovani,

dos Santos

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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“…This approach has proven to enhance the sensitivity of B. mallei identification through PCR-specific gene amplification compared to conducting PCR directly from the lesion or secretion. This enhancement is likely attributed to the relatively low B. mallei load within the lesions [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Virulence of the Burkholderia mallei Strain BAC 86/19 in BALB/c Mice

Gaspar,

Santos,

Egito

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Burkholderia mallei is an aerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile bacillus. As an obligate mammalian pathogen, it primarily affects solipeds. Although rarely transmitted to humans, the disease it causes, glanders, is classified as a zoonosis. The bacterium was officially eradicated in Brazil in 1969; however, it reemerged after three decades. This study aims to assess the virulence of a specific B. mallei strain, isolated in Brazil, in BALB/c mice through intranasal infection. The strain, B. mallei BAC 86/19, was obtained from the tracheal secretion of a young mare displaying positive serology but no clinical signs of glanders. Post-mortem examinations revealed macroscopic lesions consistent with the disease, however. In mice, the LD50 was determined to be approximately 1.59 × 105 colony-forming units (CFU)/animal. Mice exposed to either 0.1 × LD50 or 1 × LD50 displayed transient weight loss, which resolved after three or five days, respectively. B. mallei persisted within the liver and lung for five days post-infection and in the spleen for seven days. These findings underscore the detectable virulence of the Brazilian B. mallei BAC 86/19 strain in mice, which are relatively resilient hosts. This research points to the importance of the continued investigation of the virulence mechanisms and potential countermeasures associated with B. mallei infections, including their Brazilian isolates.

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Spread analysis of glanders in the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil

Moura,

de Oliveira,

Bezerra

et al. 2024

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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Molecular detection of Burkholderia mallei in different geographic regions of Brazil

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Glanders Diagnosis in an Asymptomatic Mare from Brazil: Insights from Serology, Microbiological Culture, Mass Spectrometry, and Genome Sequencing

Glanders Diagnosis in an Asymptomatic Mare from Brazil: Insights from Serology, Microbiological Culture, Mass Spectrometry, and Genome Sequencing

Assessment of the Virulence of the Burkholderia mallei Strain BAC 86/19 in BALB/c Mice

Spread analysis of glanders in the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil

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