Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in horse sera in Iran

Background: Endocarditis is an infection of the endocardial layer of the heart known as fatal infection. Gold standard diagnosis of infectious endocarditis is blood culture, which in some cases can be negative. In blood culture-negative endocarditis, the early diagnosis, and treatment are much harder, which can increase morbidities and also mortality. Case presentation: In this case report we are presenting a patient with intermittent fever for three months with a history of aortic and pulmonary valve replacement and also recurrent blood culture-negative endocarditis. According to the pandemic situation, we checked the Covid-19 PCR and also performed a chest computed tomography (CT) -scan, which both were negative and did not represent any pathologic conditions. Other examinations such as transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and blood cultures were all normal and the only abnormal finding we had was a positron emission tomography (PET) - CT scan with endocarditis and sternum osteomyelitis evidence. Conclusion: After several evaluations based on endemic epidemiology, the Real-time PCR and IFA (IgG phase I; 1:16384, IgG phase II; 1:16384) were positive for Q fever and the patient responded to the proper doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine treatment.

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“…Due to the high prevalence of C. burnetii in our country, we should consider it as an important agent for BCNE [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent culture-negative endocarditis and osteomyelitis caused by Q fever in Iran, a case report

Moradi

Kanafgorabi

Larti

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The particular role of horses as reservoirs of C. burnetii in Slovakia has not yet been determined. However, there are indications that horses may play an important role in the spread of Q fever as reservoirs for C. burnetii (Khademi et al 2020). Seo et al (2016) described antibodies to C. burnetii in the horses of South Korea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the circulation dynamics of C. burnetii in and through horses is still unclear. The natural reservoir of C. burnetii encompasses many free-living vertebrates, but the major risk of infecting humans arises through contact with infected ruminant livestock and their contaminated products, mainly through the inhalation of contaminated aerosols of birth fluids either from abortions or from normal parturitions (Aitken 1989;Honarmand 2012;Roest et al 2013a;Aljafar et al 2020;Khademi et al 2020;Abdel-Moein and Zaher 2021). The organism leads an obligate intracellular life cycle, during which it multiplies in the phagolytic compartments of the phagocytic cells in the host s immune system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First serological record of Coxiella burnetii infection in the equine population of Slovakia

et al. 2021

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Coxiella burnetii is a worldwide zoonotic pathogen causing Q fever in various animal species and humans. In Slovakia, cases of C. burnetii infection in both animals and humans are confirmed every year. The role of horses in the epidemiology of this neglected disease is still unclear. In our study, we focused on a serosurvey of C. burnetii in the equine population in Slovakia by the ELISA method. Subsequently, a nested PCR was performed to detect the 16S rRNA fragment of the genus Coxiella. Among 184 horse sera, the presence of specific antibodies to C. burnetii was detected in four samples, representing a 2.17% seropositivity. All the positive horses were mares; two originated from Central Slovakia and two from Eastern Slovakia. Although the number of positive samples was too small for a determination of statistical significance, our results provide the first confirmation of antibodies to C. burnetii in horses from Slovakia. Although no positive PCR result was obtained, these serological findings may help to clarify the circulation of the pathogen in the environment.

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“…On the other hand, horses are considered potential reservoirs of C. burnetii, the etiological agent of Q fever [5]. In recent years, C. burnetii in horses was molecularly documented in Asian countries such as China [25], South Korea [26], and Iran [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification of Selected Tick-Borne Protozoan and Bacterial Pathogens in Thoroughbred Racehorses in Cavite, Philippines

et al. 2021

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Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) considerably impair equine health and productivity. Moreover, TBDs, particularly equine piroplasmosis, impede international movement and trade of equids, which is a vital component of the global horse racing industry. In the Philippines, horse racing is a lucrative industry generating millions of USD annually. However, information on equine TBDs is scarce. This study intended to describe molecularly the equine tick-borne infections in a racehorse park in Cavite, Philippines and identify the risk factors associated with the infections. One hundred twenty-four (n = 124) thoroughbred racehorses were sampled and screened for selected tick-borne protozoan and bacterial pathogens using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Racehorses were positive for Babesia caballi (12.10%; 15/124), Theileria equi (0.81%; 1/124), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (10.48%; 13/124), Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (38.71%; 48/124), A. marginale (0.81%; 1/124), and Coxiella burnetii (0.81%; 1/124). Rickettsia was not detected in the samples. Gender was determined as a significant risk factor for B. caballi infection. Sequencing analysis revealed that seven partial 18S rRNA B. caballi isolates shared 98.63–100% identity with each other and were classified as genotype A. Meanwhile, the sequence obtained from the lone T. equi-positive sample was 99.77% identical to isolates from Spain, Switzerland, China, Saudi Arabia, and South Korea, and was confirmed as genotype E based on the 18S rRNA gene. Eight Anaplasma 16S rRNA partial sequences were highly identical to A. phagocytophilum and A. ovis. Partial sequences of Borrelia 5–23S rRNA were most closely related to Bo. japonica and other Borrelia sp. isolates from various countries. This study reports the first molecular detection of Borrelia and Anaplasma and the identification of B. caballi and T. equi genotypes in racehorses in the Philippines. Findings from this study shall be useful in crafting equine tick and TBD control and prevention programs in the country.

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Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in horse sera in Iran

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Recurrent culture-negative endocarditis and osteomyelitis caused by Q fever in Iran, a case report

Recurrent culture-negative endocarditis and osteomyelitis caused by Q fever in Iran, a case report

First serological record of Coxiella burnetii infection in the equine population of Slovakia

Molecular Identification of Selected Tick-Borne Protozoan and Bacterial Pathogens in Thoroughbred Racehorses in Cavite, Philippines

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