Molecular detection of genotypes and subtypes of Cryptosporidium infection in diarrheic calves, lambs, and goat kids from Turkey

Kabir, Mohammad Hazzaz Bin; Ceylan, Onur; Ceylan, Ceylan; Shehata, Ayman Ahmed; Bando, Hironori; Essa, Mohamed Ibrahim; Xuan, Xuenan; Sevinç, Ferda; Kato, Koichiro

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2020.102163

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Subtypes IIaA14G1R1, IIaA14G3R1, and IIaA15G1R1 were each detected in one calf. IIaA14G1R1 was identified in calves, goat kids, and humans [ 7 , 12 , 17 , 19 , 25 , 34 , 57 , 58 ]. IIaA14G3R1 was found in humans, calf, lambs, and fresh molluscan shellfish [ 19 , 25 , 75 , 76 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IIaA14G1R1 was identified in calves, goat kids, and humans [ 7 , 12 , 17 , 19 , 25 , 34 , 57 , 58 ]. IIaA14G3R1 was found in humans, calf, lambs, and fresh molluscan shellfish [ 19 , 25 , 75 , 76 ]. IIaA15G1R1 has been reported in humans [ 29 , 57 , 58 , 77 , 78 ] as well as in cattle and goat kids [ 22 , 79 – 81 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ⅱa subtype is mostly identified in calves, and IIaA15G2R1 is the predominant subtype [ 7 ] globally, including the Republic of Korea (KOR) [ 18 ]. The IId subtype is usually found in lambs and goat kids [ 4 , 19 ] and has been described in calves in some countries such as Sweden, Turkey, Egypt, and China [ 20 – 23 ]. To date, most investigations of cryptosporidiosis in calves caused by C .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and distribution pattern of Cryptosporidium spp. among pre-weaned diarrheic calves in the Republic of Korea

et al. 2021

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Cryptosporidium spp. are protozoan parasites that belong to subphylum apicomplexa and cause diarrhea in humans and animals worldwide. Data on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and its subtypes among calves in the Republic of Korea (KOR) are sparse. Hence, our study aimed to investigate the prevalence and association between the age of calf and the identified Cryptosporidium spp. and to determine the genotypes/subtypes of Cryptosporidium spp. in pre-weaned calves with diarrhea in the KOR. A total of 460 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from calves aged 1−60 days and screened for Cryptosporidium spp. by the 18S rRNA gene. Species identification was determined using the sequencing analysis of the 18S rRNA gene, and C. parvum-positive samples were subtyped via the sequence analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. Sequence analysis based on the 18S rRNA gene revealed the presence of three Cryptosporidium spp., namely, C. parvum (n = 72), C. ryanae (n = 12), and C. bovis (n = 2). Co-infection by these species was not observed. The infection rate was the highest in calves aged 11−20 days (26.1%, 95% CI 17.1−35.1), whereas the lowest rate was observed in calves aged 21−30 days (7.7%, 95% CI 0.0−16.1). The prevalence of C. parvum was detected exclusively in calves aged ≤20 days, and the highest infection rate of C. ryanae was seen in calves ≥31 days of age. The occurrence of C. parvum (χ2 = 25.300, P = 0.000) and C. ryanae (χ2 = 18.020, P = 0.001) was significantly associated with the age of the calves. Eleven different subtypes of the IIa family that belonging to C. parvum were recognized via the sequence analyses of the gp60 gene. Except for two (IIaA18G3R1 and IIaA15G2R1) subtypes, nine subtypes were first identified in calves with diarrhea in the KOR. IIaA18G3R1 was the most frequently detected subtype (72.2% of calves), followed by IIaA17G3R1 (5.6%), IIaA15G2R1 (4.2%), IIaA19G4R1 (4.2%), IIaA16G4R1 (2.8%), IIaA17G4R1 (2.8%), IIaA19G3R (2.8%), IIaA14G1R1 (1.4%), IIaA14G3R1 (1.4%), IIaA15G1R1 (1.4%), and IIaA19G1R1 (1.4%) These results suggest that the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. is significantly associated with calf age. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate the high genetic diversity of C. parvum and the widespread occurrence of zoonotic C. parvum in pre-weaned calves. Hence, calves are a potential source of zoonotic transmission with considerable public health implications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and distribution pattern of Cryptosporidium spp. among pre-weaned diarrheic calves in the Republic of Korea

et al. 2021

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“…IIaA14G1R1 was identified in calves, goat kids, and humans [7,12,17,19,25,34,57,58]. IIaA14G3R1 was found in humans, calf, lambs, and fresh molluscan shellfish [19,25,75,76]. IIaA15G1R1 has been reported in humans [29,57,58,77,78] as well as in cattle and goat kids [22,[79][80][81].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ⅱa subtype is mostly identified in calves, and IIaA15G2R1 is the predominant subtype [7] globally, including the Republic of Korea (KOR) [18]. The IId subtype is usually found in lambs and goat kids [4,19] and has been described in calves in some countries such as Sweden, Turkey, Egypt, and China [20][21][22][23]. To date, most investigations of cryptosporidiosis in calves caused by C. parvum have focused on the IIa subtype in most countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryptosporidium infections in sheep farms from Italy

et al. 2020

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Cryptosporidiosis is recognized as being a significant cause of gastrointestinal illness due to its wide range of vertebrate hosts, including humans. Infection with Cryptosporidium spp. is especially common in young domestic ruminants (calves, lambs and goat kids) and has been associated with economic losses worldwide. In contrast to cattle, to date, detailed studies on Cryptosporidium infections in sheep from Europe are still limited; thus, their importance as reservoirs of Cryptosporidium species with implications on animal and public health still needs to be clarified. This study evaluates the prevalence and zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium spp. in sheep farms in Italy. A total of 915 individual faecal samples divided into three different animal categories were collected from 61 sheep farms. Each sample was examined by microscopy of faecal smears stained by modified Ziehl-Neelsen and by biomolecular techniques. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 10.1% of the animals examined and in 34.4% of the farms. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was significantly higher (χ2 = 51.854; P < 0.001) in diarrhoeic samples than in pasty or normal faeces. Genotype analyses showed the presence of two Cryptosporidium species: C. parvum and C. ubiquitum. Subtyping analysis of C. parvum isolates revealed the presence of subtypes IIa15G2R1 and IIdA20G1 and of subtype XIIa for C. ubiquitum. These findings have public health implications since both Cryptosporidium species identified are considered zoonotic, and C. parvum is the second-most common Cryptosporidium species infecting humans. Our data reveal that lambs, especially those excreting diarrhoeic faeces, may be important reservoirs of Cryptosporidium. We also highlight the need to establish adequate control and monitoring programmes for the control of this infection in sheep farms primarily through coprological monitoring.

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Molecular detection of genotypes and subtypes of Cryptosporidium infection in diarrheic calves, lambs, and goat kids from Turkey

Cited by 28 publications

References 55 publications

Prevalence and distribution pattern of Cryptosporidium spp. among pre-weaned diarrheic calves in the Republic of Korea

Prevalence and distribution pattern of Cryptosporidium spp. among pre-weaned diarrheic calves in the Republic of Korea

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Cryptosporidium infections in sheep farms from Italy

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