Molecular detection of the swim bladder parasite Anguillicola crassus (Nematoda) in fecal samples of the endangered European eel Anguilla anguilla

Jousseaume, Thibaut; Roussel, Jean‐Marc; Beaulaton, Laurent; Bardonnet, Agnès; Faliex, Elisabeth; Amilhat, Elsa; Acou, Anthony; Feunteun, Eric; Launey, Sophie

doi:10.1007/s00436-021-07100-3

Cited by 7 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The mitochondrial gene COI has been widely used to detect the presence of nematode parasites in commercially important fish species (Santos et al, 2006;Herrero et al, 2011;Godínez-González et al, 2017;Paoletti et al, 2018). The use of microsatellites is also a well-established method for parasite detection (Vieira et al, 2016), although these nuclear markers can suffer from lower sensitivity than their mitochondrial counterparts, which may contribute to their poorer performance in detecting A. crassus in eels (Jousseaume et al, 2021). Some improvement in detecting sensitivity and specificity was achieved here by adopting a more 'crude' nucleic acid extraction approach using a Whatman paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an in situ non-lethal rapid test to accurately detect the presence of the nematode parasite, Anguillicoloides crassus, in European eel, Anguilla anguilla

et al. 2022

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Anguillicoloides crassus is an invasive nematode parasite of the critically endangered European eel, Anguilla anguilla, and possibly one of the primary drivers of eel population collapse, impacting many features of eel physiology and life history. Early detection of the parasite is vital to limit the spread of A. crassus, to assess its potential impact on spawning biomass. However accurate diagnosis of infection could only be achieved via necropsy. To support eel fisheries management we developed a rapid, non-lethal, minimally invasive and in situ DNA-based method to infer the presence of the parasite in the swim bladder. Screening of 131 wild eels was undertaken between 2017 and 2019 in Ireland and UK to validate the procedure. DNA extractions and PCR were conducted using both a Qiagen Stool kit and in situ using Whatman qualitative filter paper No1 and a miniPCR DNA Discovery-System™. Primers were specifically designed to target the cytochrome oxidase mtDNA gene region and in situ extraction and amplification takes approximately 3 h for up to 16 individuals. Our in-situ diagnostic procedure demonstrated positive predictive values at 96% and negative predictive values at 87% by comparison to necropsy data. Our method could be a valuable tool in the hands of fisheries managers to enable infection control and help protect this iconic but critically endangered species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an in situ non-lethal rapid test to accurately detect the presence of the nematode parasite, Anguillicoloides crassus, in European eel, Anguilla anguilla

et al. 2022

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“…However, the recent development of molecular techniques now permits to detect endoparasites DNA in the environment, feces, or other host fluids (Bohmann et al, 2014). Recently, Berger and Aubin‐Horth (2018) developed an elegant non‐lethal method to detect a large endoparasite using DNA shed by parasites via swabbing the host abdominal cavity and Jousseaume et al (2021) used DNA from fecal samples to detect endoparasite infections in eels. Here, we followed this logic by hypothesizing that the brown trout microparasite T .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…eDNA can be used to detect parasites from the open environment (i.e., air, water, soil) (Rusch et al, 2018) or from host fluids (i.e., blood, feces, or urine) to measure host individual infection status along the infection course (e.g., Etienne et al, 2012). Using host fluids may be particularly relevant for detecting endoparasites colonizing internal organs, but is still rarely used, especially for aquatic species (but see Berger & Aubin‐Horth, 2018; Jousseaume et al, 2021). Moreover, detection of parasite DNA into host fluids mediating parasite transmission could further provide valuable information on the parasite fitness and on its ability to produce infectious stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…kDNA is the quantity of T. bryosalmonae DNA detected in fish kidney, Site is the fish site of origin, and gross lesions represents the score of proliferative kidney disease gross lesions estimated through macroscopic examination of the fish. Adjusted R² = 0.38, p < 0lethal method to detect a large endoparasite using DNA shed by parasites via swabbing the host abdominal cavity andJousseaume et al (2021) used DNA from fecal samples to detect…”

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Urine DNA (uDNA) as a non‐lethal method for endoparasite biomonitoring: Development and validation

et al. 2021

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“…Non-invasive methods for the detection of DNA from A. crassus in eel faeces have also been developed(De Noia et al, 2022;Jousseaume et al, 2021). De Noia et al (2022) used a pair of parasite-specific DNA primers (designed from the most conserved regions within the ten cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) available gene sequences) for PCR amplification, whereasJousseaume et al (2021) designed three new pairs of primers to amplify three A. crassus-specific microsatellite markers to optimize specificity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Anguilla sp. diseases diagnoses and treatments: The ideal methods at the crossroads of conservation and aquaculture purposes

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et al. 2022

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Anguilla anguilla, A. japonica and A. rostrata are the most fished and consumed eel species. However, these species are Critically Endangered, Endangered and Endangered, respectively. A combination of factors is thought to be responsible for their decline including fisheries, climate change, habitat destruction, barriers to migration, pollution and pathogens. Among them, viruses, bacteria and parasites are causing weakening of wild eels and serious economic losses for fishermen and eel farmers. Early detection of pathogens is essential to provide appropriate responses both for conservation reasons and to limit economic losses. Classic diagnosis approaches are time consuming and invasive and usual treatments, for example, antipathogenic substances are becoming obsolete because of pathogen resistance and environmental impact problems. The need for early and non‐invasive diagnostic methods as well as effective and environmentally friendly treatments has increased. Vaccine development and diet supplementation have known a growing interest since their use could allow prevention of diseases. In this review, we summarize the main pathogens—viruses, bacteria and parasites—of the three northern temperate eel species, the methods used to detect these pathogens and the different treatments used. We discussed and highlighted the need for non‐invasive, rapid and efficient detection methods, as well as effective and environmentally friendly treatments for both conservation and aquaculture purposes.

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Molecular detection of the swim bladder parasite Anguillicola crassus (Nematoda) in fecal samples of the endangered European eel Anguilla anguilla

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Towards an in situ non-lethal rapid test to accurately detect the presence of the nematode parasite, Anguillicoloides crassus, in European eel, Anguilla anguilla

Towards an in situ non-lethal rapid test to accurately detect the presence of the nematode parasite, Anguillicoloides crassus, in European eel, Anguilla anguilla

Urine DNA (uDNA) as a non‐lethal method for endoparasite biomonitoring: Development and validation

Anguilla sp. diseases diagnoses and treatments: The ideal methods at the crossroads of conservation and aquaculture purposes

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