Molecular Diagnosis and Phylogenetic Analysis of the First MERS Case in Turkey

Bayrakdar, Fatma; Altaş, Ayşe Başak; Korukluoğlu, Gülay; Topal, Selmur

doi:10.5578/mb.9247

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Additionally, nosocomial transmission was observed in many hospitals in the Arabic peninsula [21,22]. While no SARS infection was detected in Turkey, only one MERS patient who returned from Saudi Arabia, was detected in Turkey [23]. Many cases representing with lower respiratory infections in Wuhan, China, was because of a novel betacoronavirus, SARS-CoV-2.…”

Section: Results and Di̇scussi̇onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha and Beta Coronavirus Infections in a University Hospital

Ağca

Sağlık

Ener

2021

JAMMR

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Background: Human coronaviruses (CoV) are significant causes etiological factors of respiratory tract infections. There are four major subgroups of CoVs, known as alpha, beta, gamma and delta. Four types of endemic human CoVs are 229E, OC43, NL63 and HKU1. Aims and Objectives: In this retrospective study, we aimed to analyze the results of the respiratory samples of hospitalized patients by Real-Time(RT) PCR for CoVs 229E, NL63,OC43 and HKU1. Methodology: Hospitalized patients with respiratory symptoms, including nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, nasal discharge, sneezing, sore throat and cough, were tested by RT PCR between April 2018 and March 2020. We retrospectively investigated the results of 1422 respiratory samples including 1245 nasopharyngeal swabs and 177 BAL samples. Detection rate and subtypes of CoV among upper and lower respiratory samples were retrospectively analyzed from patient records. Results: Patients were between 0-93 years with a mean age of 26 years. We detected 142 (11,4%) CoVs in 1245 nasopharyngeal samples and 21 CoVs (11,9%) in 177 BAL samples. Most common CoV was OC43 (n=72, 44,2%) in overall samples. Conclusion: Although CoV infections are predominant in the winter season, they are diagnosed throughout the year with lower incidence in summer and are identified in individuals of all ages. Understanding the epidemiological and virological features of CoV infections is important to effectively control their burden.

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Section: Results and Di̇scussi̇onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha and Beta Coronavirus Infections in a University Hospital

Ağca

Sağlık

Ener

2021

JAMMR

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“…Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) was classified into the family coronaviridae, subfamily coronavirinae, and genus betacoronavirus (Bayrakdar et al, 2015). The closest ancestors of MERS-CoV, namely SARS-CoV and human CoV-229E, phylogenetically evolved through the Vespertilionidae (insectivorous bat) family and belong to Neoromicia and Pipistrellus (Annan et al, 2013).…”

Section: Mers-covmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility to SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 from animal health perspective

Gautam¹,

Kaphle²,

Shrestha³

et al. 2020

Open Vet J.

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Viruses are having great time as they seem to have bogged humans down. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and novel coronavirus (COVID-19) are the three major coronaviruses of present-day global human and animal health concern. COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is identified as the newest disease, presumably of bat origin. Different theories on the evolution of viruses are in circulation, yet there is no denying the fact that the animal source is the skeleton. The whole world is witnessing the terror of the COVID-19 pandemic that is following the same path of SARS and MERS, and seems to be more severe. In addition to humans, several species of animals are reported to have been infected with these life-threatening viruses. The possible routes of transmission and their zoonotic potentialities are the subjects of intense research. This review article aims to overview the link of all these three deadly coronaviruses among animals along with their phylogenic evolution and cross-species transmission. This is essential since animals as pets or food are said to pose some risk, and their better understanding is a must in order to prepare a possible plan for future havoc in both human and animal health. Although COVID-19 is causing a human health hazard globally, its reporting in animals are limited compared to SARS and MERS. Non-human primates and carnivores are most susceptible to SARS-coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2, respectively, whereas the dromedary camel is susceptible to MERS-coronavirus. Phylogenetically, the trio viruses are reported to have originated from bats and have special capacity to undergo mutation and genomic recombination in order to infect humans through its reservoir or replication host. However, it is difficult to analyze how the genomic pattern of coronaviruses occurs. Thus,increased possibility of new virus-variants infecting humans and animals in the upcoming days seems to be the biggest challenge for the future of the world. One health approach is portrayed as our best way ahead, and understanding the animal dimension will go a long way in formulating such preparedness plans. Keywords: Animal health, COVID-19, Cross-species, One health, Trio coronaviruses.

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“…Some patients may develop renal failure [13]. Several MERS-CoV travel-associated infections were in many cases associated with the Middle East (Bayrakdar et al., 2015; Rubio et al., 2018). Among these reported was the Korean outbreak in early 2015 (Choi et al., 2017; Kim, Andrew & Jung, 2017; Xiao et al., 2018).…”

Section: Mers-cov In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and the One Health concept

Hemida

2019

PeerJ

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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is one of the major threats to the healthcare systems in some countries, especially in the Arabian Peninsula. MERS-CoV is considered an ideal example of the One Health concept. This is due to the animals, especially dromedary camels, play important roles in the transmission and sustainability of the virus, and the virus can be transmitted through aerosols of infected patients into the environment. However, there is some debate regarding the origin of MERS-CoV either from bats or other unknown reservoirs. The dromedary camel is the only identified animal reservoir to date. These animals play important roles in sustaining the virus in certain communities and may act as an amplifier of the virus by secreting it in their body fluids, especially in nasal and rectal discharges. MERS-CoV has been detected in the nasal and rectal secretions of infected camels, and MERS-CoV of this origin has full capacity to infect human airway epithelium in both in vitro and in vivo models. Other evidence confirms the direct transmission of MERS-CoV from camels to humans, though the role of camel meat and milk products has yet to be well studied. Human-to-human transmission is well documented through contact with an active infected patient or some silently infected persons. Furthermore, there are some significant risk factors of individuals in close contact with a positive MERS-CoV patient, including sleeping in the same patient room, removing patient waste (urine, stool, and sputum), and touching respiratory secretions from the index case. Outbreaks within family clusters have been reported, whereby some blood relative patients were infected through their wives in the same house were not infected. Some predisposing genetic factors favor MERS-CoV infection in some patients, which is worth investigating in the near future. The presence of other comorbidities may be another factor. Overall, there are many unknown/confirmed aspects of the virus/human/animal network. Here, the most recent advances in this context are discussed, and the possible reasons behind the emergence and sustainability of MERS-CoV in certain regions are presented. Identification of the exact mechanism of transmission of MERS-CoV from camels to humans and searching for new reservoir/s are of high priority. This will reduce the shedding of the virus into the environment, and thus the risk of human infection can be mitigated.

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Molecular Diagnosis and Phylogenetic Analysis of the First MERS Case in Turkey

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Alpha and Beta Coronavirus Infections in a University Hospital

Alpha and Beta Coronavirus Infections in a University Hospital

Susceptibility to SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 from animal health perspective

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and the One Health concept

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