Molecular Diagnostic of Chicken Parvovirus (ChPV) Affecting Broiler Flocks in Ecuador

Abstract

Enteric diseases affect poultry and cause important economic losses in many countries worldwide. Avian parvovirus has been linked to enteric conditions, such as malabsorption and runting-stunting syndrome (RSS), characterized by diarrhoea, and reduced weight gain and growth retardation. In 2013 and 2016, 79 samples were collected from different organs of chickens in Ecuador that exhibited signs of diarrhea and stunting syndrome, and analysed for the presence of chicken parvovirus (ChPV). The detection method of ChPV applied was Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), using primers designed from the conserved region of the viral genome that encodes the non-structural protein NS1. Out of the 79 samples, 50.6% (40/79) were positive for ChPV, and their nucleotide and amino acid sequences were analysed to determine their phylogenetic relationship with the sequences reported in the United States,

Development of a Sensitive Real-Time Fast-qPCR Based on SYBR® Green for Detection and Quantification of Chicken Parvovirus (ChPV)

“…Similar results were found in the present study in which apparently healthy chickens also showed high viral concentrations [ 22 ]. ChPV has been detected in chickens independently of zootechnical interest and in many regions around the world with high chicken production, such as Europe [ 10 , 17 , 18 ], China [ 35 ], South Korea [ 36 ], North America [ 8 , 37 , 38 ], Brazil [ 9 , 16 , 24 , 25 ], and Ecuador [ 26 , 38 ]; however, its presence remains unknown in the rest of South America. The present study also showed that the virus was detected at earlier and later ages in chickens, demonstrating that virus dissemination can occur at any time [ 21 ].…”

“…All of these assays showed a high sensitivity for ChPV detection and quantification. In the Brazilian chicken flocks in the recent years, many outbreaks of RSS have been reported where ChPV has been detected, and the NS gene was sequenced, confirming that the sequences belonged to ChPV, identifying the virus in young and old chickens as early as the first day of infection [ 9 , 16 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Enteric diseases cause economic losses in poultry, the depreciation of poultry flocks, and increased susceptibility to other diseases, so a rapid, efficacious, affordable, reliable assay should be standardized for the diagnosis of the etiological agent [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Small but mighty: old and new parvoviruses of veterinary significance

“…These two viruses are widespread amongst commercial poultry, including the US, Hungary, Poland, and Croatia [ 101 – 105 ], and ChPV has also been reported in South Korea, China, India, Brazil, Ecuador, Canada, and the UK [ 106 – 112 ]. While ChPV and TuPV have been associated with malabsorption syndrome in chickens and the occurrence of enteritis in turkeys, respectively, the contribution of these viruses to disease remains unclear as they are also detected in healthy birds [ 103 , 105 , 113 – 119 ].…”

Molecular Characterization of Parvovirus Strain GX-Tu-PV-1, Isolated from a Guangxi Turkey

“…that infect vertebrate hosts make up the subfamily Parvovirinae , while those that infect arthropods make up the subfamily Densovirinae (1–4). According to the latest classification by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/), the Parvovirinae subfamily is divided into eight genera (5–8) (Amdoparvovirus, Aveparvovirus, Bocaparvovirus, Copiparvovirus, Dependoparvovirus, Erythroparvovirus, Protoparvovirus, and Tetraparvovirus). Chicken parvovirus (ChPV) and turkey parvovirus (TuPV) are classified as members of the new genus Aveparvovirus (Galliform aveparvovirus 1).…”