Molecular Diagnostic Ratios to Assess the Apportionment of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Contaminantion in Marine Sediment

Abstract

As maritime fulcrum nation, in Indonesia, marine environmental analytical chemistry field is still under developed. So that why, this review paper aims to provide basic understanding of the use some molecular diagnostic indices using n-alkanes indexes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) diagnostic ratios to estimate the source of apportionment of the hydrocarbons contamination and origin. The n-alkane chromatograms were then used to characterize the predominance of petrogenic or biogenic either terrestrial or aquatic. Furthermore, characterization allowed to discriminate riverine versus marine input. The occurrence of a broad unresolved complex mixture can be an evidence of biodegraded petroleum residues. For aromatic compounds, the prevalence of petrogenic, pyrolitic, and combustion-derived can be easily plotted by using isomers ratio calculation. This paper thus provides useful information on the hydrocarbon contamination origin, especially in marine sediments. Further researches should be undertaken in order to validate the use of molecular diagnostic ratio with isotopic approach.

The Influence of Meteorology-Oceanography Factors on Spatial Distribution of Oil and Grease Pollutant in Donan Estuary, Cilacap

“…There is a lot of kind of pollutant that contaminate the water, one of them is oil and grease. The term "oil and fat" usually refers to chemicals, mainly containing aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons (Syakti, 2016), derived from various sources ranging from crude oil and industrial derivatives to vegetable oils (Mendiola et al, 1998;Syakti et al, 2013) and fats and oleochemical derivatives. Due to the low biodegradability, the main contaminants of concern are oils and fats derived from petroleum (i.e., derived from fossil fuels) and derivatives that have found extensive industrial use (Abdullah et al, 1994).…”

PENGAMATAN KADAR SENYAWA POLISIKLIK AROMATIK HIDROKARBON (PAH): (BENZO [a] PYREN, BENZO [a] ANTRASEN, BENZO [b] FLUORANTEN, DI-BENZO [a,h] ANTRASEN, DAN BENZO [g,h,i] PERYLEN) DALAM AIR LAUT DI TELUK JAKARTA

“…PAH biogenik dihasilkan oleh proses biologis atau tahap awal diagenesis dalam sedimen laut (misalnya perylene). PAH Pirogenik dihasilkan oleh pembakaran bahan bakar fosil (batu bara dan minyak) dan bahan organik seperti kayu (tumbuhan), (Syakti, 2016) (Stogiannidis et al, 2015) Environment Protection Agency (EPA) menetapkan 17 jenis PAH yang bersifat toksik, karsinogen, dan mutagen terhadap biota laut dan larvanya (Mirza et al, 2012). Toksisitasnya sangat tergantung pada struktur dan isomer yang terbentuk.…”