Molecular disruption through acid injection into waste activated sludge – A feasibility study to improve the economics of sludge dewatering

MacDonald, Brittany; Oakes, Ken D.; Adams, Michelle

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.014

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Without SRF behaviour, valuable nutrients may be lost and wasted. The paper mill sludge used in this study was found in previous studies [2,20] to have tightly bound water molecules which required rupturing through the addition of acid via direct injection acidification [2]. This phenomena along with the insoluble nature of the cellulosic material present in the sludge may provide slow release of nutrients when used as a soil ammendment.…”

Section: Elemental Analysismentioning

confidence: 90%

“…This figure is limited to metals which showed a notable change between months. A greater amount of acid and polymer and coagulant are injected into PHP's sludge in the colder months to combat the formation of filamentous algae and increase dewaterability [2]. Aluminum appeared most greatly affected by seasonal change.…”

Section: Seasonal Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sludge is currently disposed of using either dewatering and landfilling or use as fuel (often with a net negative energy value). Pulp and paper mill sludge is composed of cellulosic waste, clay, microorganisms, and at times, sawdust [2]. An alternative valorization pathway that has recently been explored for this solid waste material is use as a soil amendment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paper Mill Sludge as a Replacement for the Cellulosic Component of Hydroseed Mixtures

MacDonald-MacAulay,

Donaldson,

Walsh

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Pulp and paper mill sludge is composed of cellulosic waste and clay, and rich in microorganisms that can benefit horticulture. However, its application in horticulture has received less research attention.Field and greenhouse studies were carried out to determine if sludge from a case study industry can replace the typical cellulosic additive utilized in hydroseeding, and the ideal application rate of a sludge-soil-seed mixture. The treatments were 0 - 100% sludge and soil by mass with a consistent mass of embedded seeds of Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis), Creeping Red Fescue (Festuca rubra), Perennial (Lolium perenne) and Annual Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum). Seeding with a top layer of soil and 5 to 75% sludge gave the best outcome using a cellulosic additive after 3 weeks of growth. Mixtures containing 5- 25% sludge resulted in the quickest seed germination rate. The cellulosic additive has the capacity to retain a higher volume of water but requires 15 times more material by volume. An increase in sludge increased water retention by 20%. Overall, the cellulosic additive in hydroseeding applications can be replaced by sludge without plant detriment. However, further testing is needed to determine long-term effects.

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Section: Elemental Analysismentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Seasonal Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paper Mill Sludge as a Replacement for the Cellulosic Component of Hydroseed Mixtures

MacDonald-MacAulay,

Donaldson,

Walsh

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The hydrolysis of Fe 3+ oxidized from Fe 2+ by A. ferrooxidans LX5 releases H + , which is responsible for the pH reduction, and the extent of pH drop directly correlates with the amount of Fe 3+ [12,35]. Sludge acidification can disrupt flocs, releasing bound water, and neutralize sludge particles, making them more easily aggregated, thereby enhancing sludge dewaterability [38][39][40]. Additionally, surface charge is a crucial factor affecting sludge dewatering.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing sludge dewaterability in sequential bioleaching: Degradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by filamentous fungus Mucor sp. ZG-3 and the influence of energy source

Wang,

Feng,

Tang

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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This study aimed to enhance sludge dewatering through sequential bioleaching, employing the filamentous fungus Mucor sp. ZG-3 and the iron-oxidizing bacterium Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans LX5. The mechanism by which Mucor sp. ZG-3 alleviates sludge dissolved organic matter (DOM) inhibition of A. ferrooxidans LX5 was investigated, and the optimal addition of energy source for enhanced sludge dewaterability during sequential bioleaching was determined. Sludge dissolved organic carbon (DOC) decreased to 272 mg/L with a 65.2% reduction by Mucor sp. ZG-3 in 3 days, and the degraded fraction of sludge DOM was mainly low-molecular-weight DOM (L-DOM) which inhibited the oxidization of Fe2+ by A. ferrooxidans LX5. By degrading significant inhibitory low-molecular-weight organic acids, Mucor sp. ZG-3 alleviated DOM inhibition of A. ferrooxidans LX5. In the sequential bioleaching process, the optimal concentration of FeSO4·7H2O for A. ferrooxidans LX5 was 4 g/L, resulting in the minimum specific resistance to filtration (SRF) of 2.60×1011 m/kg, 40.0% lower than that in the conventional bioleaching process with 10 g/L energy source. Moreover, the sequential bioleaching process increased the sludge zeta potential (from -31.8 to -9.47 mV) and median particle size (d50) of the sludge particle (from 17.90 to 27.44 μm), contributing to enhanced sludge dewaterability. Inoculation of Mucor sp. ZG-3 during the bioleaching process reduced the demand for energy sources by A. ferrooxidans LX5 while improving sludge dewaterability performance.

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“…Reports on chemical methods, such as bioleaching (Liu et al 2016a ), acid and alkaline pretreatment (Li et al 2009 ; MacDonald et al 2018 ), and advanced oxidation treatment (Li et al 2016 ), have been mentioned in the literature to improve the dehydration capacity. There are a number of important differences between hydroxyl radicals (•OH) through the activation on hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and generate sulfate radicals (SO 4 − •) through the activation on peroxymonosulfate (PMS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrite activated peroxymonosulfate combined with as a physical–chemical conditioner modified biochar to improve sludge dewaterability: analysis of sludge floc structure and dewatering mechanism

Gao

Song

Wang

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In this study, we proposed an advanced oxidation process of pyrite (FeS 2 ) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and prepared a modified polyaluminum chloride biochar (P-BC). The motivation is to use the combination of FeS 2 + PMS + P-BC to improve waste activated sludge (WAS) dewaterability. The method to improve the sludge dewatering effect with the combination of FeS 2 + PMS + P-BC is as follows: in the first step, pour 0.75 g/g TSS FeS 2 and 0.6 g/g TSS PMS into the sludge, and stir for 15 min. Then, add P-BC and stir for 5 min; complete the entire WAS processing process. The vacuum filtration test was used to evaluate the dehydration effect. The water content (Wc) and specific resistance to filtration (SRF) of the raw sludge can be reduced from the original values of 92% and 2.36 × 10 13 m/kg to 67% and 9.89 × 10 11 m/kg, respectively. The results showed that the combination of FeS 2 + PMS + P-BC can effectively improve the sludge dewatering effect through oxidation. A laser particle size analyzer is used to observe changes in sludge particle size. The median diameter of sludge particles increased from 55.37 to 64.56 μm. A zeta analyzer to is used observe changes in sludge zeta potential. The zeta potential of sludge particles increased from − 15.8 to 0.4 mV. In the analysis of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of sludge, it was found that protein (PN) and polysaccharide (PS) in EPS decreased significantly. To further analyze the phenomenon of PN and PS drop, excitation-emission-matrix spectra (3D-EEM) was used. To observe the changes of sludge functional group, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used. It was found that FeS 2 + PMS + P-BC can destroy the functional groups of sludge, such as O–H, C–C, and O═C—NH– related to proteins and polysaccharides. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-022-21074-4.

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Molecular disruption through acid injection into waste activated sludge – A feasibility study to improve the economics of sludge dewatering

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Paper Mill Sludge as a Replacement for the Cellulosic Component of Hydroseed Mixtures

Paper Mill Sludge as a Replacement for the Cellulosic Component of Hydroseed Mixtures

Enhancing sludge dewaterability in sequential bioleaching: Degradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by filamentous fungus Mucor sp. ZG-3 and the influence of energy source

Pyrite activated peroxymonosulfate combined with as a physical–chemical conditioner modified biochar to improve sludge dewaterability: analysis of sludge floc structure and dewatering mechanism

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