Molecular drivers of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in non-smoking and non-drinking patients: what do we know so far?

Uddin, Sophia; Singh, Alka; Mishra, Vasudha; Agrawal, Nishant; Gooi, Zhen; Izumchenko, Evgeny

doi:10.4081/oncol.2022.549

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“… 10 , 21 , 22 Therefore, these findings suggest that there may be other important risk factors for LSCC in addition to smoking and alcohol consumption, and more attention should be paid to the increasing number of NSNA patients. 23 – 26 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Oncological Outcomes of non-Alcohol Drinking and non-Smoking Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Distinct Entity

Huang

Guo

Shen

et al. 2022

Technol Cancer Res Treat

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Purpose: To explore the discrepancy in clinicopathological and prognostic features between smoking and alcohol drinking (SA) and non-smoking and non-alcohol drinking (NSNA) patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Methods: This retrospective study including 1735 patients with LSCC was conducted from January 2005 to December 2010, which were categorized into 4 groups, NSNA group, smoking only group, alcohol-drinking only group, and SA group. We compared overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) using the Kaplan–Meier method and indicated clinicopathological features by Cox proportional hazards regression models before and after propensity score matching (PSM). Results: A total of 415 patients (23.92%) were identified as NSNA. The SA group was predominantly patients ≤60 years old (46.63%) while the NSNA group was more older (58.07%). NSNA group was more likely to present at earlier disease stage and more female. No significant difference in OS ( P = .685) and DFS ( P = .976) was found between the 2 groups. In addition to age and recurrence and metastasis being common independent prognostic factors in terms of OS in both groups of patients, NSNA group also exhibited other factors, namely tumor area >3.7 cm2 and positive resection margin. For DFS, N + stage, tumor size >3.7 cm2, and positive resection margin were prognostic features specific to NSNA group. Conclusion: The outcome is similar in LSCC patients with and without SA. NSNA group shows a distinct profile from that found in SA group. Clinicopathological features from NSNA group should be considered for LSCC management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Oncological Outcomes of non-Alcohol Drinking and non-Smoking Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Distinct Entity

Huang

Guo

Shen

et al. 2022

Technol Cancer Res Treat

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“…OSCC in NSND patients are epidemiologically different from SD patients (4,6). For the young NSND patients, a direct oncogenic role of HPV has not been demonstrated (7)(8)(9), unlike oropharyngeal SCC (10), although the gene expression profiles are potentially compatible with a "hit and run" viral origin (11,12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…2x10 6 Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from 22 NSND and 15 SD OSCC patients were stimulated in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% heat-inactivated foetal calf serum with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (50 ng/mL) and ionomycin (1 µM) in the presence of Brefeldin A (10 µg/mL) (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France) for 4 h. Cells were stained with anti-CD3 and anti-CD4 labelled mAbs, fixed and permeabilized with the fixation/permeabilization buffer (BD Biosciences). An intracellular antibody staining of IL-17 (Supplementary Table S2) was then performed according to manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Detection Of Il-17 In Peripheral Blood T Lymphocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Defining biomarkers in oral cancer according to smoking and drinking status

et al. 2023

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IntroductionOral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OSCC) are mostly related to tobacco consumption eventually associated to alcohol (Smoker/Drinker patients: SD), but 25-30% of the patients have no identified risk factors (Non-Smoker/Non-Drinker patients: NSND). We hypothesized that these patients have distinguishable immune profiles that could be useful for prognosis.Materials and MethodsCells present in immune tumor microenvironment (TME) and blood from 87 OSCC HPV-negative patients were analyzed using a multiparameter flow cytometry assay, in a prospective case-control study. Cytokine levels in tumor supernatants and blood were determined by a cytometric bead array (CBA) assay.ResultsNormal gingiva and blood from healthy donors (HD) were used as controls. A significant increase of granulocytes (p<0.05 for blood), of monocytes-macrophages (p<0.01 for blood) and of CD4+ T cells expressing CD45RO and CCR6 (p<0.001 for blood; p<0.0001 for TME) as well as higher levels of IL-6 (p<0.01 for sera, p<0.05 for tumor supernatant) were observed in SD patients as compared to NSND OSCC patients and HD. High percentages of CD4+ T cells expressing CD45RO and CCR6 cells in tumor tissue (p=0.05) and blood (p=0.05) of SD OSCC patients were also associated with a poorer prognosis while a high percentage of regulatory T cells (Treg) in tumor tissue was associated with a more favorable prognostic factor (p=0.05). Also, a higher percentage of blood CD8+ T lymphocytes among CD45+ cells in NSND patients was associated with a better disease-free survival (p=0.004).ConclusionGranulocytes, monocytes-macrophages, and CD4+ T cells expressing CD45RO and CCR6 in blood and TME as well as serum IL-6 can therefore distinguish OSCC SD and NSND patients. Quantifying the proportion of CD4+ T cells expressing CD45RO and CCR6 and of Treg in SD patients and CD8+ T cells in NSND patients could help defining the prognostic of OSCC patients.

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“…2,3 Major risk factors for oral cancers include tobacco, alcohol, and betel quid chewing, but oral cancers commonly occur in patients without these traditional risk factors. [4][5][6] Preliminary studies suggest metal dental hardware, genetic aberrations, viral infections, and dietary habits as possible risk factors, 6,7 but these do not account for all of these new cases. Moreover, while human papillomavirus (HPV) has been identified as a possible etiologic agent in recent years in the oropharynx, HPV is only found in 2% to 4% of oral cavity cancer patients, 4,8 and its role outside oropharynx remains controversial.…”

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confidence: 99%

Microbial Changes Associated With Oral Cavity Cancer Progression

Yan

Auger

Diaz

et al. 2023

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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Objective To examine the oral microbiome in the context of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Study Design Basic science research. Setting Academic medical center. Methods Oral swabs were collected from patients presenting to the operating room for management of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma and from age‐ and sex‐matched control patients receiving surgery for unrelated benign conditions. 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing was performed on genetic material obtained from swabs. A bacterial rRNA gene library was created and sequence reads were sorted into taxonomic units. Results Thirty‐one control patients (17 males) and 35 cancer patients (21 males) were enrolled. Ages ranged from 23 to 89 (median 63) for control patients and 35 to 86 (median 66) for cancer patients. Sixty‐one percent of control patients and 63% of cancer patients were smokers. 16S analyses demonstrated a significant decrease in Streptococcus genera in oral cancer patients (34.11% vs 21.74% of the population, p = .04). Increases in Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Parvimonas, and Neisseria were also found. The abundance of these bacteria correlated with tumor T‐stage. Conclusion 16S rRNA sequencing demonstrated changes in bacterial populations in oral cavity cancer and its progression compared to noncancer controls. We found increases in bacteria genera that correspond with tumor stage—Fusobacteria, Peptostreptococcus, Parvimonas, Neisseria, and Treponema. These data suggest that oral cancer creates an environment to facilitate foreign bacterial growth, rather than implicating a specific bacterial species in carcinogenesis. These bacteria can be employed as a potential marker for tumor progression or interrogated to better characterize the tumor microenvironment.

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Molecular drivers of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in non-smoking and non-drinking patients: what do we know so far?

Cited by 6 publications

References 85 publications

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Oncological Outcomes of non-Alcohol Drinking and non-Smoking Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Distinct Entity

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Oncological Outcomes of non-Alcohol Drinking and non-Smoking Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Distinct Entity

Defining biomarkers in oral cancer according to smoking and drinking status

Microbial Changes Associated With Oral Cavity Cancer Progression

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