Molecular Effects of Alcohol on Iron Metabolism

Mehta, Kosha J.; Farnaud, Sébastien; Patel, Vinood B.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800773-0.00028-8

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…In the present study, current and former alcohol drinkers were more likely to receive iron therapy for treating IDA. Chronic alcohol consumption suppresses hematopoiesis and dysregulates iron metabolism [ 29 ], thus potentially leading to IDA over time. In addition, former drinkers are likely to have poor health [ 30 ] and inadequate nutrition [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underdiagnosis of iron deficiency anemia among patients with colorectal cancer: an examination of electronic medical records

et al. 2022

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Background Timely diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients improves overall quality of life and survival. This study assessed the proportion of CRC patients who were formally diagnosed with IDA and factors that predict a formal diagnosis of IDA and receiving iron therapy. Methods We retrieved electronic medical records (EMRs) of CRC patients from a large comprehensive cancer center in the Northeastern part of the United States (n = 499). We abstracted sociodemographic characteristics, relevant laboratory results, IDA diagnosis, and iron supplementation from the EMRs. We assessed relationships between participant characteristics, a diagnosis of IDA and receiving iron therapy through adjusted logistic regressions. Results IDA was formally diagnosed in 26 (5.2%) individuals judged by EMR documentation. Only 153 (30.7%) participants had iron laboratory results available. Among the 153 patients with iron panel data available, 113 (73.9%) had iron deficiency. Seventy-six had absolute iron deficiency as shown by ferritin levels below 100 ng/mL and iron saturation less than 20% and 37 had functional iron deficiency as shown by ferritin levels between 100 and 500 ng/mL and iron saturation less than 20%. 12% of all patients had documentation of iron therapy receipt. A formal diagnosis of IDA was not associated with any of the covariates. Conclusions Iron deficiency anemia is under-diagnosed among CRC patients and most likely under-documented in clinical notes. Rates of iron repletion are low, suggesting that many patients with IDA are untreated. Future research should explore provider-level and other strategies for improving assessment and diagnosis of IDA among CRC patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underdiagnosis of iron deficiency anemia among patients with colorectal cancer: an examination of electronic medical records

et al. 2022

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“…Iron overload can occur due to mutations in the iron‐regulatory genes, as characterised in hereditary hemochromatosis (Pietrangelo, 2016) or iron can be accumulated as seen in African iron overload (dietary iron loading), neurodegenerative disorders, chronic liver diseases (alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver disease), menopause and in conditions which require repeated blood transfusions such as β‐thalassaemia, aplastic anaemia, BM failure, MDS, sickle cell anaemia or other acquired and inherited refractory anaemias (Jeney, 2017; Mehta et al, 2016; Mehta, Ahmed, et al, 2019; Mehta, Farnaud, et al, 2019; Wang et al, 2016). Notably, some of these conditions are not independent of each other but are interconnected, often one leading to another (Figure 5).…”

Section: Clinical Conditions Of Iron Excess and Mscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of iron and iron‐related proteins in mesenchymal stem cells: Cellular and clinical aspects

Mehta

2021

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are located in various tissues where these cells show niche‐dependent multilineage differentiation and secrete immunomodulatory molecules to support numerous physiological processes. Due to their regenerative and reparative properties, MSCs are extremely valuable for cell‐based therapy in tackling several pathological conditions including COVID‐19. Iron is essential for MSC processes but iron‐loading, which is common in several chronic conditions, hinders normal MSC functionality. This not only aggravates disease pathology but can also affect allogeneic and autologous MSC therapy. Thus, understanding MSCs from an iron perspective is of clinical significance. Accordingly, this review highlights the roles of iron and iron‐related proteins in MSC physiology. It describes the contribution of iron and endogenous iron‐related effectors like hepcidin, ferroportin, transferrin receptor, lactoferrin, lipocalin‐2, bone morphogenetic proteins and hypoxia inducible factors in MSC biology. It summarises the excess‐iron‐induced alterations in MSC components, processes and discusses signalling pathways involving ROS, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, p53, AMPK/MFF/DRP1 and Wnt. Additionally, it evaluates the endogenous and exogenous saviours of MSCs against iron‐toxicity. Lastly, it elaborates on the involvement of MSCs in the pathology of clinical conditions of iron‐excess, namely, hereditary hemochromatosis, diabetes, β‐thalassaemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. This unique review integrates the distinct fields of iron regulation and MSC physiology. Through an iron‐perspective, it describes both mechanistic and clinical aspects of MSCs and proposes an iron‐linked MSC‐contribution to physiology, pathology and therapeutics. It advances the understanding of MSC biology and may aid in identifying signalling pathways, molecular targets and compounds for formulating adjunctive iron‐based therapies for excess‐iron conditions, and thereby inform regenerative medicine.

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“…Studies suggest that alcohol deregulates the synthesis and expression of hepcidin in the liver, leading to increased intestinal iron absorption and, consequently, to iron overload [61,62,64,65]. Also smoking has repetitively been identified as a determining factor for iron overload [23,66].…”

Section: Diet and Lifestylementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with serum ferritin levels and iron excess: results from the EPIC-EurGast study

et al. 2021

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Purpose: Excess iron is involved in the development of non-communicable diseases such as cancer, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. We aimed to describe the prevalence of excess iron and its determinants in healthy European adults.Methods: Sociodemographic, lifestyle, iron status, dietary information, and HFE genotyping were obtained from controls from the nested case control study EPIC-EurGast study. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) was measured to address possible systemic inflammation. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were used to assess iron status and its determinants.Results: Out of the 828 participants (median age: 58.7 years), 43% were females. Median serum ferritin and prevalence of excess iron were 143.7µg/L and 35.2% in males, respectively, and 77µg/L and 20% in females, both increasing with latitude across Europe. Prevalence of HFE C282Y mutation was significantly higher in Northern and Central Europe (~11%) than in the South (5%). Overweight/obesity, age, and daily alcohol and heme iron intake were independent determinants for iron status, with sex differences, even after excluding participants with hsCRP>5mg/L. Obese males showed a greater consumption of alcohol, total and red meat, and heme iron, compared with those normal weight. Conclusion:Obesity, higher alcohol and heme iron consumption were the main risk factors for excess iron in males while only age was associated with iron overload in females. Weight control and promoting healthy lifestyle may help prevent iron overload, especially in obese people. Further research is needed to clarify determinants of excess iron in the healthy adult population, helping to reduce the associated comorbidities.

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Molecular Effects of Alcohol on Iron Metabolism

Cited by 6 publications

References 92 publications

Underdiagnosis of iron deficiency anemia among patients with colorectal cancer: an examination of electronic medical records

Underdiagnosis of iron deficiency anemia among patients with colorectal cancer: an examination of electronic medical records

Role of iron and iron‐related proteins in mesenchymal stem cells: Cellular and clinical aspects

Factors associated with serum ferritin levels and iron excess: results from the EPIC-EurGast study

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