Molecular Epidemiological Study of HIV-1 CRF01_AE Transmission in Hong Kong

Chen, J H K; Wong, Ka-Hing; Li, P; Chan, Kenny Chi-Wai; Lee, M P; Lam, Hoyin; Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung; Yuen, Kwok‐Yung; Yam, Wing Cheong

doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e3181aac516

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Infection with CRF01_AE as identified in this study has been confirmed through heterosexual transmission in China, and according to the recent reports MSM contact has become a major route of local CRF01_AE transmission in some cities of China and Singapore. [20][21][22] Our results suggest that MSM contact is becoming a major route of CRF01_AE transmission in China and that various forms of HIV transmission, including both homosexual and heterosexual behavior, likely exist among MSM of Liaoning province.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

New Trends of Primary Drug Resistance Among HIV Type 1-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men in Liaoning Province, China

Zhao

Han

Dai

et al. 2011

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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To elucidate the recent changes in prevalence of HIV-1 primary resistance mutations in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Liaoning province, 217 samples from antiretroviral therapy-naive MSM were collected. For 201 samples, the entire protease gene and 256 amino acids of the reverse transcriptase gene were successfully amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested PCR of viral RNA and were sequenced. Among the amplified pol sequences, HIV-1 CRF01_AE accounted for 87.6% (176/201), subtype B accounted for 8.0% (16/201), and subtype CRF07_BC accounted for 4.5% (9/201). The overall prevalence of mutations conferring resistance to any drug was 4.5%, representing 4.5% for protease inhibitor (PI)-related mutations, 0.5% for nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-related mutations, and 0.5% for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-related mutations. Included were V32I (0.5%), M46I (2.0%), L90M (2.0%), T215C (0.5%), and Y188L (0.5%). Only one case carried resistance mutations to all three drug classes (L90M, L10I, and A71T to PI; T215C to NRTI; and Y188L to NNRTI). L10I (4.5%), V118I/IV (17.4%), and K103R/KR (10.0%) were commonly observed mutations, but do not confer any drug resistance to PIs, NRTIs, and NNRTIs. CRF01_AE is becoming a major HIV-1 infection subtype among MSM of Liaoning province. Relatively high rates of HIV drug-resistant mutations to PIs in antiretroviral treatment-naive patients in the study represent a serious challenge for future HIV treatment programs in China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

New Trends of Primary Drug Resistance Among HIV Type 1-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men in Liaoning Province, China

Zhao

Han

Dai

et al. 2011

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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“…Prior HIV-1 molecular epidemiology studies performed in Asia were mainly focused on the transmission of locally predominant HIV-1 genotypes [7], [10], [13], [14]. There was limited number of studies which focused on new HIV-1 group M recombinant transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through phylogenetic estimation, the divergence date of these strains in Hong Kong is around 1995–2001 [9], [10]. However, the prevalence of other new recombinant forms in Hong Kong remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Genetic Diversity of HIV-1 Circulating in Hong Kong

et al. 2010

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HIV-1 group M strains are characterized into 9 pure subtypes and 48 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs). Recent studies have identified the presence of new HIV-1 recombinants in Hong Kong and their complexity continues to increase. This study aims to characterize the HIV-1 genetic diversity in Hong Kong. Phylogenetic analyses were performed by using HIV-1 pol sequences including protease and partial reverse transcriptase isolated from 1045 local patients in Hong Kong from 2003 to 2008. For the pol sequences with unassigned genotype, the evidence of recombination was determined by using sliding-window based bootscan plots and their env C2V3 region were also sequenced. Epidemiological background of these patients was further collected. The pol phylogenetic analyses highlighted the extent of HIV-1 genetic diversity in Hong Kong. Subtype B (450/1045; 43.1%) and CRF01_AE (469/1045; 44.9%) variants were clearly predominant. Other genotypes (126/1045; 12.1%) including 3 defined subtypes, 10 CRFs, 1 unassigned subtype and 33 recombinants with 11 different mosaic patterns were observed. Recombinants of subtype B and CRF01_AE were mainly found among local Chinese MSM throughout 2004 to 2008, while the CRF02_AG and subtype G recombinants were circulating among non-Chinese Asian population in Hong Kong through heterosexual transmission starting from 2008. Our study demonstrated the complex recombination of HIV-1 in Hong Kong and the need in developing surveillance system for tracking the distribution of new HIV-1 genetic variants.

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“…Finally, CRF01_AE, imported from surrounding countries and following drug trafficking routes, was detected in PWID in the provinces of Yunnan, Guangdong, and Guangxi in the mid-1990s (Beyrer et al, 2000; He et al, 2012; Yu et al, 1999). CRF01_AE strains, related to those circulating in Guangxi and other Chinese prefectures, have been identified in transmission clusters containing PWID in Hong Kong (Chen et al, 2009). Molecular analyses have showed that the CRF01_AE epidemics in China and Vietnam were monophyletic suggesting regional dispersal (Angelis et al, 2015).…”

Section: Molecular Epidemiology Of Hiv Among Pwid In Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of HIV molecular epidemiology among people who inject drugs in Europe and Asia

Nikolopoulos

Kostaki

Paraskevis

2016

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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HIV strains continuously evolve, tend to recombine and new circulating variants are being discovered. Novel strains complicate efforts to develop a vaccine against HIV and may exhibit higher transmission efficiency and virulence, and elevated resistance to antiretroviral agents. The United Nations Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) set an ambitious goal to end HIV as a public health threat by 2030 through comprehensive strategies that include epidemiological input as the first step of the process. In this context, molecular epidemiology becomes invaluable as it captures trends in HIV evolution rates that shape epidemiological pictures across several geographical areas. This review briefly summarizes the molecular epidemiology of HIV among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Europe and Asia. Following high transmission rates of subtype G and CRF14_BG among PWID in Portugal and Spain, two European countries, Greece and Romania, experienced recent HIV outbreaks in PWID that consisted of multiple transmission clusters including subtypes B, A, F1 and recombinants CRF14_BG and CRF35_AD. The latter was first identified in Afghanistan. Russia, Ukraine and other Former Soviet Union (FSU) states are still facing the devastating effects of epidemics in PWID produced by AFSU (also known as IDU-A), BFSU (known as IDU-B), and CRF03_AB. In Asia, CRF01_AE and subtype B (Western B and Thai B) travelled from PWID in Thailand to neighboring countries. Recombination hotspots in South China, Northern Myanmar, and Malaysia have been generating several intersubtype and inter-CRF recombinants (e.g. CRF07_BC, CRF08_BC, CRF33_01B etc.) increasing the complexity of HIV molecular patterns.

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Molecular Epidemiological Study of HIV-1 CRF01_AE Transmission in Hong Kong

Cited by 25 publications

References 26 publications

New Trends of Primary Drug Resistance Among HIV Type 1-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men in Liaoning Province, China

New Trends of Primary Drug Resistance Among HIV Type 1-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men in Liaoning Province, China

Increased Genetic Diversity of HIV-1 Circulating in Hong Kong

Overview of HIV molecular epidemiology among people who inject drugs in Europe and Asia

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