Molecular Epidemiology of Bordetella pertussis

Barkoff, Alex‐Mikael; He, Qiushui

doi:10.1007/5584_2019_402

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…B. pertussis strains that are deficient in the production of the pertactin immunogen are prevalent in countries where only aP vaccines are used. In many of these countries the number of pertussis cases was increasing during the last decades ( 23 , 53 , 54 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis Vaccine Candidate Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Derived From Biofilm Culture

et al. 2021

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Outer membrane vesicles (OMV) derived from Bordetella pertussis—the etiologic agent of the resurgent disease called pertussis—are safe and effective in preventing bacterial colonization in the lungs of immunized mice. Vaccine formulations containing those OMV are capable of inducing a mixed Th1/Th2/Th17 profile, but even more interestingly, they may induce a tissue-resident memory immune response. This immune response is recommended for the new generation of pertussis-vaccines that must be developed to overcome the weaknesses of current commercial acellular vaccines (second-generation of pertussis vaccine). The third-generation of pertussis vaccine should also deal with infections caused by bacteria that currently circulate in the population and are phenotypically and genotypically different [in particular those deficient in the expression of pertactin antigen, PRN(-)] from those that circulated in the past. Here we evaluated the protective capacity of OMV derived from bacteria grown in biofilm, since it was observed that, by difference with older culture collection vaccine strains, circulating clinical B. pertussis isolates possess higher capacity for this lifestyle. Therefore, we performed studies with a clinical isolate with good biofilm-forming capacity. Biofilm lifestyle was confirmed by both scanning electron microscopy and proteomics. While scanning electron microscopy revealed typical biofilm structures in these cultures, BipA, fimbria, and other adhesins described as typical of the biofilm lifestyle were overexpressed in the biofilm culture in comparison with planktonic culture. OMV derived from biofilm (OMVbiof) or planktonic lifestyle (OMVplank) were used to formulate vaccines to compare their immunogenicity and protective capacities against infection with PRN(+) or PRN(-) B. pertussis clinical isolates. Using the mouse protection model, we detected that OMVbiof-vaccine was more immunogenic than OMVplank-vaccine in terms of both specific antibody titers and quality, since OMVbiof-vaccine induced antibodies with higher avidity. Moreover, when OMV were administered at suboptimal quantity for protection, OMVbiof-vaccine exhibited a significantly adequate and higher protective capacity against PRN(+) or PRN(-) than OMVplank-vaccine. Our findings indicate that the vaccine based on B. pertussis biofilm-derived OMV induces high protection also against pertactin-deficient strains, with a robust immune response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis Vaccine Candidate Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Derived From Biofilm Culture

et al. 2021

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“…Beyond this, antigenic drift may potentiate reduced vaccine effectiveness and waning of Bp immunity, particularly in settings with widespread aP use [ 46 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. Novel circulating Bp strains have evolved, containing mutations and/or deletions of key epitopes or antigens; this is secondary to pathogen adaptation to natural or, most likely, vaccine selection pressures, with subsequent pathogen escape [ 46 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine-Induced Cellular Immunity against Bordetella pertussis: Harnessing Lessons from Animal and Human Studies to Improve Design and Testing of Novel Pertussis Vaccines

2021

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Pertussis (‘whooping cough’) is a severe respiratory tract infection that primarily affects young children and unimmunised infants. Despite widespread vaccine coverage, it remains one of the least well-controlled vaccine-preventable diseases, with a recent resurgence even in highly vaccinated populations. Although the exact underlying reasons are still not clear, emerging evidence suggests that a key factor is the replacement of the whole-cell (wP) by the acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine, which is less reactogenic but may induce suboptimal and waning immunity. Differences between vaccines are hypothesised to be cell-mediated, with polarisation of Th1/Th2/Th17 responses determined by the composition of the pertussis vaccine given in infancy. Moreover, aP vaccines elicit strong antibody responses but fail to protect against nasal colonisation and/or transmission, in animal models, thereby potentially leading to inadequate herd immunity. Our review summarises current knowledge on vaccine-induced cellular immune responses, based on mucosal and systemic data collected within experimental animal and human vaccine studies. In addition, we describe key factors that may influence cell-mediated immunity and how antigen-specific responses are measured quantitatively and qualitatively, at both cellular and molecular levels. Finally, we discuss how we can harness this emerging knowledge and novel tools to inform the design and testing of the next generation of improved infant pertussis vaccines.

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“…However, It is a limitation that the cases of ptxP3 strains were relative too small to give strong evidence about the protection against ptxP3 lineage by co-purified aPV. Furthermore, the ptxP3 with the pertactin (PRN) deficient isolates were widely appeared in some industries countries [25], whether the ptxP3 isolations in this study expressed of PRN were unknown in this study. Lastly, the age of the patients in our study was mainly the infant but not children after at least 5 years of vaccination of co-purified aPV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

The global prevalence ptxP3 lineage of Bordetella pertussis was rare in young children with the co-purified aPV vaccination: a 5 years retrospective study

Wang

Luan

et al. 2020

BMC Infect Dis

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Background: The global prevalent ptxP3 strains varies from about 10% to about 50% of circulating B. pertussis population in different areas of China. Methods: To investigate the difference of vaccination status between different genotypes in the circulating B. pertussis after 10 years of acellular pertussis vaccine (aPV) used in China. The nasopharyngeal swabs and isolates of B. pertussis from these patients were used to perform genotyping of antigen genes. We use antibiotic susceptibility test against erythromycin and sequencing methods for site 2047 of 23S rRNA to determine the resistance status. Results: The ptxP1 allele with erythromycin resistant (ER) B. pertussis infection (total of 449 subjects) consisted of 84.70 to 96.70% from 2012 to 2016 in this study. Vaccinated with co-purified aPV was found in 133(133/403,33.0%), 1(1/9,11.1%) and 2(2/21,9.5%) in ptxP1/fhaB3-ER, ptxP1/fhaB2-ES and ptxP3/fhaB2-ES B. pertussis infected children each, which showed a significant difference (χ 2 = 6.87, P = 0.032). Conclusions: The ptxP3-ES B. pertussis was rare while the ptxP1-ER B. pertussis was steadily increased in Xi'an, China from 2012 to 2016, where co-purified aPV was prevalent used. This pose a hypothesis that the co-purified aPV might protect against ptxP3 strains more efficient, which generated a rare chance for ptxP3 strains to be under the antibiotic pressure and further developed to be erythromycin resistance. A further cohort study and the mechanisms of the additional antigen proteins of co-purified aPV protected against B. pertussis should be consideration.

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Molecular Epidemiology of Bordetella pertussis

Cited by 23 publications

References 89 publications

Pertussis Vaccine Candidate Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Derived From Biofilm Culture

Pertussis Vaccine Candidate Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Derived From Biofilm Culture

Vaccine-Induced Cellular Immunity against Bordetella pertussis: Harnessing Lessons from Animal and Human Studies to Improve Design and Testing of Novel Pertussis Vaccines

The global prevalence ptxP3 lineage of Bordetella pertussis was rare in young children with the co-purified aPV vaccination: a 5 years retrospective study

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