Molecular epidemiology of Canine parvovirus shows CPV-2a genotype circulating in dogs from western India

Kulkarni, Mahesh B.; Deshpande, Anand R.; Gaikwad, Satish S.; Majee, S. B.; Suryawanshi, P. R.; Awandkar, Sudhakar P.

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103987

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Furthermore, different veterinary practitioners use distinct vaccination protocols. Several causes of vaccination failure are known, such as not maintaining cold chain, maternal antibody, worm load, poor nutritional status, lack of protective antibody titers against heterologous CPV antigenic types, and faulty vaccination [5,22,33,34]. Some researchers suggest that the CPV2b vaccine provides cross-protection against CPV2a and CPV2c, but a more intensive study is needed to confirm this possibility [14,33,[35][36][37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CPV is distributed worldwide and vaccination is a widely accepted method for prevention of this disease [8]. Diagnosis of the disease is possible using several methods, including serological methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and hemagglutination inhibition test, and molecular techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR (RT-PCR), minor binding groove assays, single-nucleotide polymorphism, restriction fragment length polymorphism, and amplification refractory mutation system PCR (ARMS-PCR) [5,[9][10][11][12]. ARMS-PCR is an easy and efficient PCR technique for the diagnosis of CPV infection, which differentiates variants without sequencing [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CPV is a member of the family Parvoviridae and is a major cause of viral-induced mortality in dogs [ 4 ]. CPV shows several characteristic clinical signs, including foul-smelling bloody diarrhea, fever, vomiting, lethargy, anorexia, and for puppies, heart failure leading to death [ 5 ]. After initial identification in the 1970s, three antigenic variants (CPV2a, CPV2b, and CPV2c) have been discovered to date [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First report of canine parvovirus molecular detection in Bangladesh

Akter

Chowdhury

2021

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Canine parvovirus (CPV) is the most important cause of mortality in dogs in many parts of the world. Clinical cases exhibit characteristic signs, including foul-smelling bloody diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and dehydration. This study assessed field and vaccine variants of parvovirus in the Chattogram metropolitan area, Bangladesh. The investigation also aimed to identify risk factors for this disease. This research is the first to identify the presence of CPV in Bangladesh through molecular examination. Materials and Methods: From October to December 2019, a total of 100 dogs were included in the study. Rectal swabs were taken from all dogs. Twenty dogs showed clinical signs of parvovirus. All clinically affected animals along with 20 randomly selected healthy dogs were tested using amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify variants from the samples. Logistic regression model analysis was performed to determine the possible risk factors for CPV. Results: ARMS-PCR showed the presence of all three variants, CPV2a, CPV2b, and CPV2c, in clinically ill dogs, and vaccines available in the study area showed either CPV2a or CPV2b strain. The CPV2c variants showed a higher incidence than the other variants. All apparently healthy animals tested were molecularly negative. Multivariable logistic regression model (generalized linear mixed model) indicated that exotic breeds were 3.83 times more likely to be infected by CPV than local breeds. Furthermore, dogs reared in semi-intensive and extensive management systems were 3.64 and 3.79 times more likely to be infected, respectively, than those reared in an intensive management system. Conclusion: These findings provide practitioners and pet owners information on the occurrence of different variants and help design effective prevention strategies for CPV infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First report of canine parvovirus molecular detection in Bangladesh

Akter

Chowdhury

2021

Vet World

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“…Despite been considered as an effective prophylactic treatment for these viruses, the use of third-generation cephalosporins in dogs could increase the selective pressure for ESCR-E [23]. CPV and CDV are one of the main causes of mortality in dogs, particularly puppies, with high prevalence estimated in several countries including Brazil [24][25][26][27][28][29]. However, despite the common circulation of these viruses, no study to our knowledge has evaluated the effects of prophylactic antibiotic therapy in CPV and CDV infections on the faecal carriage of antibiotic-resistant bacteria among dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacterales in Dogs Attended for Enteric Viruses in Brazil Before and After Treatment with Cephalosporins

et al. 2021

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The extensive use of antibiotics is a leading cause for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among dogs. However, the impact of using antibiotics to treat viral infections on AMR remains unknown. In this study, we compared the prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (ESCR-E) between dogs with a suspected infection of canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine distemper (CDV) before and after treatment with third-generation cephalosporins. We found a higher prevalence of ESCR-E faecal carriage in dogs suspected of CPV (37%) and CDV (15%) compared to dogs with noninfectious pathologies (9%) even prior to the start of their treatment. A 7-day course of ceftriaxone or ceftiofur administrated to CPV and CDV-suspected dogs substantially increased their ESCR-E faecal carriage during treatment (85% for CPV and 57% for CDV), and 4 weeks after the treatment ended (89% for CPV and 60% for CDV) when dogs were back in their households. Most of the observed resistance was carried by ESCR-E. coli carrying blaCTX-M genes. Our results suggest the need to optimize prophylactic antibiotic therapy in dogs treated for a suspected viral infection to prevent ESCR-E emergence and spread in the community.

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“…PPV is a non-encapsulated autonomously replicating virus that belongs to the family Parvovirdae, subfamily Parvovirina, and genus Parvovirus [18]. The same genus also includes parvoviruses of cattle, cats, dogs, geese, mice, rats, tigers, rabbits, minks, chickens and raccoons [19][20][21][22][23][24]. The PPV genome is a single and negative-stranded DNA with a full length of about 5000 bp, which contains two open reading frames (ORFs) and covers the entire genome [23,25].…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanobody‑horseradish peroxidase and -EGFP fusions as reagents to detect porcine parvovirus in the immunoassays

Zhao

et al. 2020

J Nanobiotechnol

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Background: Antibodies are an important reagent to determine the specificity and accuracy of diagnostic immunoassays for various diseases. However, traditional antibodies have several shortcomings due to their limited abundance, difficulty in permanent storage, and required use of a secondary antibody. Nanobodies, which are derived from single-chain camelid antibodies, can circumvent many of these limitations and, thus, appear to be a promising substitute. In the presented study, a sandwich ELISA-like immunoassay and direct fluorescent assay with high sensitivity, good specificity, and easy operation were the first time to develop for detecting porcine parvovirus (PPV). After screening PPV viral particles 2 (VP2) specific nanobodies, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fusions were derived from the nanobodies by recombinant technology. Finally, using the nanobody-HRP and -EGFP fusions as probes, the developed immunoassays demonstrate specific, sensitive, and rapid detection of PPV.Results: In the study, five PPV-VP2 specific nanobodies screened from an immunised Bactrian camel were successfully expressed with the bacterial system and purified with a Ni-NTA column. Based on the reporter-nanobody platform, HRP and EGFP fusions were separately produced by transfection of HEK293T cells. A sandwich ELISA-like assay for detecting PPV in the samples was firstly developed using PPV-VP2-Nb19 as the capture antibody and PPV-VP2-Nb56-HRP fusions as the detection antibody. The assay showed 92.1% agreement with real-time PCR and can be universally used to surveil PPV infection in the pig flock. In addition, a direct fluorescent assay using PPV-VP2-Nb12-EGFP fusion as a probe was developed to detect PPV in ST cells. The assay showed 81.5% agreement with real-time PCR and can be used in laboratory tests. Conclusions:For the first time, five PPV-VP2 specific nanobody-HRP and -EGFP fusions were produced as reagents for developing immunoassays. A sandwich ELISA-like immunoassay using PPV-VP2-Nb19 as the capture antibody and PPV-VP2-Nb56-HRP fusion as the detection antibody was the first time to develop for detecting PPV in different samples. Results showed that the immunoassay can be universally used to surveil PPV infection in pig flock. A direct fluorescent assay using PPV-VP2-Nb12-EGFP as a probe was also developed to detect PPV in ST cells. The two developed © The Author(s) 2020. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article' s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article'

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Molecular epidemiology of Canine parvovirus shows CPV-2a genotype circulating in dogs from western India

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

First report of canine parvovirus molecular detection in Bangladesh

First report of canine parvovirus molecular detection in Bangladesh

Higher Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacterales in Dogs Attended for Enteric Viruses in Brazil Before and After Treatment with Cephalosporins

Nanobody‑horseradish peroxidase and -EGFP fusions as reagents to detect porcine parvovirus in the immunoassays

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