Molecular epidemiology of Colombian Histoplasma capsulatum isolates obtained from human and chicken manure samples

Gómez, Luisa F.; Arango, Myrtha; McEwen, Juan G.; Gómez, Oscar Mauricio Hernández; Zuluaga, Alejandra; Peláez, Carlos A.; Acevedo, José Miguel Zamora; Taylor, Mária Lucía; Jiménez, María del Pilar

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02084

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Staffolani reflected the sporadic use of PCR techniques in travelers (Staffolani et al, 2018) and, more recently, a case was diagnosed with the use of a panfungal assay in Germany (Lindner et al, 2018). Beside this, PCR-based techniques have been claimed to be of help in the detection of environmental reservoirs, and in the design of strategies of intervention to prevent exposure risk (Gómez et al, 2018(Gómez et al, , 2019. No commercial PCR-based test has been approved for in vitro diagnosis yet, but published techniques show promising results.…”

Section: Molecular Alternatives To Diagnose Histoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Education has proven to be an essential tool to increase the recognition of cases in endemic resource-constrained settings (Caceres et al, 2015), and also, it may be a future strategy to implement in non-endemic areas. Other pillars of utmost importance to effectively fight against histoplasmosis should be to consider it a notifiable infection, to quantify the real extent of the problem (Bongomin et al, 2019b;Staffolani et al, 2020), and to put into practice the use of rapid and reliable tools to detect and control potential environmental and animal sources of human infection (Cunningham et al, 2015;Gómez et al, 2018Gómez et al, , 2019Rothenburg et al, 2019).…”

Section: Future Directions and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Timely Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis in Non-endemic Countries: A Laboratory Challenge

Buitrago

Martín-Gómez

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Human histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by the inhalation of microconidia of the thermally dimorphic fungi Histoplasma capsulatum. Autochthonous cases of histoplasmosis have been diagnosed in almost every country, but it is considered an endemic infection in specific areas of the world. Many of them are popular travel destinations or the source of migratory movements. Thus, the vast majority of the registered cases in non-endemic countries are imported. They correspond to people having been exposed to the fungus in endemic locations as immigrants, expatriates, transient workers or tourists, with reported cases also associated to organ donation. Misdiagnosis and delays in initiation of treatment are not uncommon in cases of imported histoplasmosis. They are associated to high fatality-rates specially in patients with compromised cellular immunity in which progressive disseminated forms develop. The diagnosis of this infection in non-endemic countries is hampered by the lack of clinical suspicion and a dearth of available diagnostic tools adequate to offer rapid and accurate results. Non-culture-based assays such as nucleic-acid amplification tests present as a suitable alternative in this situation, offering improved sensitivity and specificity, shortened turnaround time, and increased biosafety by avoiding culture manipulation. In non-endemic regions, molecular techniques are being used mainly in laboratories from countries that have registered an increase in the incidence of imported cases. However, the number of published techniques is limited and lack consensus. Efforts are currently under way to standardize nucleic acid amplificationbased techniques for its implementation in areas registering a rising number of imported cases.

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Section: Molecular Alternatives To Diagnose Histoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Directions and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timely Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis in Non-endemic Countries: A Laboratory Challenge

Buitrago

Martín-Gómez

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Molecular methods can improve and accelerate the histoplasmosis diagnosis with a high analytical sensibility and specificity [9,10,[34][35][36]. This combined with turnaround times shorter than those of other diagnostics.…”

Section: Molecular Tests 91 Polymerase Chain Reaction (Pcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is much more safety and reduces the risk of laboratory acquired histoplasmosis when handle its positive culture. Several applications can be linked to the use of PCR based techniques as (i) human diagnosis from different samples, with an increasingly use for the imported cases diagnosis in non-endemic areas [9][10][11]13], (ii) environmental exploration for revealing the histoplasmosis reservoir [35], (iii) and prevention policies and strategies for exposure risk [2].…”

Section: Molecular Tests 91 Polymerase Chain Reaction (Pcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Histoplasma capsulatum and Histoplasmosis: Current Concept for the Diagnosis

Guemas¹,

Sobanska²,

Demar³

2020

Histoplasma and Histoplasmosis

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Histoplasmosis is a global deep mycosis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum (Hc), a dimorphic fungus. It exists on two main varieties Hc capsulatum and Hc duboisii that could be distinguished by their epidemiology, their clinical presentation, and the morphological aspect of the fungus at direct examination of the sample. Laboratory diagnosis of Hc remains a real challenge as it required experience and equipment. Through a general review of literature, the different diagnosis tools for Histoplasma sp. are analyzed, and strengths and weaknesses are pointed according to the context-based value. Isolation of Hc on culture is the gold standard for diagnosis of histoplasmosis. However, it remains less sensitive (sensitivity: up to 77%) and implies long time to result, which can be inappropriate or in adapted for an emergency diagnosis. So, nonculture methods as antigen testing, serology, and molecular biology become available and allow a rapid diagnosis. However, the optimal diagnostic method depends on many parameters as the very wide range of symptomatology, the immune status. Indeed, Ag detection is the best diagnosis tool for PHD (sensitivity: 92-95%) and SCN histoplasmosis (sensitivity: 66%) and serology for the subacute/chronic form (sensitivity: 85-93%). Thus, the clinico-biological dialog is essential, and histoplasmosis management includes an integrated medical approach.

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“…Also, H. capsulatum s. str. and H. suramericanum coexist in sympatry, since their geographical distributions overlap in central and possibly northwestern Colombia ( Sepúlveda et al., 2017 , Gomez et al., 2019 , Sahaza et al., 2019 ). Moreover, H. capsulatum var.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The global epidemiology of emerging Histoplasma species in recent years

Rodrigues

Beale

Hagen

et al. 2020

Studies in Mycology

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Histoplasmosis is a serious infectious disease in humans caused by Histoplasma spp. (Onygenales), whose natural reservoirs are thought to be soil enriched with bird and bat guano. The true global burden of histoplasmosis is underestimated and frequently the pulmonary manifestations are misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. Molecular data on epidemiology of Histoplasma are still scarce, even though there is increasing recognition of histoplasmosis in recent years in areas distant from the traditional endemic regions in the Americas. We used multi-locus sequence data from protein coding loci (ADP-ribosylation factor, H antigen precursor, and delta-9 fatty acid desaturase), DNA barcoding (ITS1/2+5.8s), AFLP markers and mating type analysis to determine the genetic diversity, population structure and recognise the existence of different phylogenetic species among 436 isolates of Histoplasma obtained globally. Our study describes new phylogenetic species and the molecular characteristics of Histoplasma lineages causing outbreaks with a high number of severe outcomes in Northeast Brazil between 2011 and 2015. Genetic diversity levels provide evidence for recombination, common ancestry and clustering of Brazilian isolates at different geographic scales with the emergence of LAm C, a new genotype assigned to a separate population cluster in Northeast Brazil that exhibited low diversity indicative of isolation. The global survey revealed that the high genetic variability among Brazilian isolates along with the presence of divergent cryptic species and/or genotypes may support the hypothesis of Brazil being the center of dispersion of Histoplasma in South America, possibly with the contribution of migratory hosts such as birds and bats. Outside Brazil, the predominant species depends on the region. We confirm that histoplasmosis has significantly broadened its area of occurrence, an important feature of emerging pathogens. From a practical point of view, our data point to the emergence of histoplasmosis caused by a plethora of genotypes, and will enable epidemiological analysis focused on understanding the processes that lead to histoplasmosis. Further, the description of this diversity opens avenues for comparative genomic studies, which will allow progress toward a consensus taxonomy, improve understanding of the presence of hybrids in natural populations of medically relevant fungi, test reproductive barriers and to explore the significance of this variation.

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Molecular epidemiology of Colombian Histoplasma capsulatum isolates obtained from human and chicken manure samples

Cited by 14 publications

References 51 publications

Timely Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis in Non-endemic Countries: A Laboratory Challenge

Timely Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis in Non-endemic Countries: A Laboratory Challenge

Histoplasma capsulatum and Histoplasmosis: Current Concept for the Diagnosis

The global epidemiology of emerging Histoplasma species in recent years

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