Molecular epidemiology of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from newborns in a hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Loureiro, Marcio Martins; Moraes, Bianca Aguiar de; Quadra, M. R. R.; Pinheiro, G. S.; Suffys, Phillip Noel; Asensi, Marise Dutra

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762000000600005

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Computer analysis of the endemic profile A identified in period I and profile A from period II showed 96% of similarity and they were considered to be the same profile A originating from the common MRSA clone widely recognized in São Paulo and other Brazilian hospitals (14,18,34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Use of molecular epidemiology to monitor the nosocomial dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a University Hospital from 1991 to 2001

Beretta

Trabasso

Stucchi

et al. 2004

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been the cause of major outbreaks and epidemics among hospitalized patients, with high mortality and morbidity rates. We studied the genomic diversity of MRSA strains isolated from patients with nosocomial infection in a University Hospital from 1991 to 2001. The study consisted of two periods: period I, from 1991 to 1993 and period II from 1995 to 2001. DNA was typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and the similarity among the MRSA strains was determined by cluster analysis. During period I, 73 strains presented five distinctive DNA profiles: A, B, C, D, and E. Profile A was the most frequent DNA pattern and was identified in 55 (75.3%) strains; three closely related and four possibly related profiles were also identified. During period II, 80 (68.8%) of 117 strains showed the same endemic profile A identified during period I, 18 (13.7%) closely related profiles and 18 (13.7%) possibly related profiles and, only one strain presented an unrelated profile. Cluster analysis showed a 96% coefficient of similarity between profile A from period I and profile A from period II, which were considered to be from the same clone. The molecular monitoring of MRSA strains permitted the determination of the clonal dissemination and the maintenance of a dominant endemic strain during a 10-year period and the presence of closely and possibly related patterns for endemic profile A. However, further studies are necessary to improve the understanding of the dissemination of the endemic profile in this hospital.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In England, the percentage increased from 1.5 to 13.2% between 1989 and 1995 (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). In Brazil, the prevalence of MRSA is high, especially in large and teaching hospitals, ranging from 26.6 to 70%, and MRSA is considered to be the main pathogen causing hospital outbreaks (14)(15)(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of molecular epidemiology to monitor the nosocomial dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a University Hospital from 1991 to 2001

Beretta

Trabasso

Stucchi

et al. 2004

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Adock [19] described similar results in the USA. However, Loureiro et al [11] found 50% of the neonates to be colonized by MRSA, in a study made in a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Though the neonate can be colonized through contact with the mother, many populationbased studies provide good evidence that the nursery staff usually spreads this microorganism, and that the hands are the most important route of transmission [8,9]. Previous colonization is the most important risk factor for staphylococcal infections [10], being followed by premature birth, low weight, immunodeficiency, prolonged hospital stay, antimicrobial use, invasive methods and surgical interventions [7,11,12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Infection and colonization by Staphylococcus aureus in a high risk nursery of a Brazilian teaching hospital

et al. 2003

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Neonates are susceptible to nosocomial infections due to immunological immaturity, prolonged hospital stay and the use of invasive procedures. We evaluated the incidence of infections and the prevalence of colonization by MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and MSSA (Methilin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus), as well as colonization risk factors. Staphylococcal infections were observed by analyzing medical records in the HICS (Hospital Infection Control Service) and the HRN (High Risk Nursery). Additionally, four inquiries concerning colonization prevalence were made for S. aureus, from January/2000 to December/2002. Clinical specimens from the nostrils, mouth and anus were cultivated in mannitol-salt agar plates and identification was made through standard methods. The frequency of neonates colonized by S. aureus was 49%. MSSA was more prevalent (57%) than MRSA (43%). Risk factors related to the acquisition of MRSA were: low weight and antibiotic use. , Hospital stay was the only variable significantly associated with colonization by S. aureus. The incidence of infections by S. aureus during the last three years was 2.18% (159 cases). Nine of them (5.5%) were associated with MRSA and 150 (94.5%) with MSSA. Staphylococcal infections were considered as invasive (sepsis) and noninvasive (conjunctivitis, cutaneous), corresponding to 31% and 69%, respectively. The MRSA phenotype in infection was rare compared with methicillin-susceptible samples, although S. aureus, MRSA and MSSA colonization rates were high.

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“…The strains with PFGE pattern A were considered as an epidemic clone restrict to the first year of analysis, this is probably due to elimination of these strains from hospital environment after reinforcement of HI prevention measures (measures of contact isolation such as: suitable handwashing, gloving and gown use for management of the newborns) and control (treatment of the infected newborns) in our hospital unit, initiated in May 1998 with the objective of to control a MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) outbreak, as previously described (Loureiro et al 2000). After reinforcement of the prevention and control measures, no new outbreaks caused by MRSA and P. aeruginosa was observed in our hospital unit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: study of Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Typing in Hospital Infection Cases in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil

Loureiro

Moraes

Mendonça

et al. 2002

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Molecular epidemiology of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from newborns in a hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an organism that is frequently transmitted in

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Use of molecular epidemiology to monitor the nosocomial dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a University Hospital from 1991 to 2001

Use of molecular epidemiology to monitor the nosocomial dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a University Hospital from 1991 to 2001

Infection and colonization by Staphylococcus aureus in a high risk nursery of a Brazilian teaching hospital

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: study of Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Typing in Hospital Infection Cases in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil

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