Molecular epidemiology of smoking and lung cancer

Shields, Peter G.

doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205832

Cited by 136 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Among these, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile N-nitrosamines are considered to be the main carcinogens (Shields, 2002;Alam et al, 2008;Lodovici and Bigagli, 2009). Smoking exposure-a welldocumented environmental factor-is a leading cause of many types of cancer such as lung, esophageal, gastric, bladder, liver and cervical cancers (Tredaniel et al, 1997;Kinjo et al, 1998;Gallus et al, 2001;Sobue et al, 2002 ;Settheetham-Ishida et al, 2004;Samanic et al, 2006;Settheetham-Ishida et al, 2006;Syrjanen et al, 2007;Pesch et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer in Northeastern Thailand: Detailed Analyses of Sexual and Smoking Behavior

Natphopsuk

Settheetham-Ishida²,

Sinawat³

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Cervical cancer is a serious public health problem in Thailand. We investigated possible risk factors for cervical cancer including HPV infection, p53 polymorphism, smoking and reproductive history among women in Northeast Thailand using a case control study with 177 cases and age-matched controls. Among the HPV carriers, a significantly increased risk for cervical cancer with an OR of 36.97 (p<0.001) and an adjusted OR of 38.07 (p<0.001) were observed. Early age at first sexual exposure, and multiple sexual partners increased the risk of cervical cancer with ORs ranging between 1.73-2.78 (p<0.05). The interval between menarche and first sexual intercourse <6 years resulted in a significant increase in the risk for cervical cancer with ORs ranging between 3.32-4.09 and the respective adjusted OR range for the 4-5 and 2-3 year-old groups were 4.09 and 2.92. A higher risk was observed among subjects whose partner had smoking habits, whether currently or formerly; with respective ORs of 3.36 (p<0.001) and 2.17 (p<0.05); and respective adjusted ORs of 2.90 (p<0.05) and 3.55 (p<0.05). Other smoking characteristics of the partners including smoking duration ≥ 20 years, number of cigarettes smokes ≥ 20 pack-years and exposure time of the subject to passive smoking ≥ 5 hrs per day were found to be statistically significant risks for cervical cancer with adjusted ORs of 3.75, 4.04 and 11.8, respectively. Our data suggest that the risk of cervical cancer in Thai women is substantially associated with smoking characteristics of the partner(s), the interval between menarche and first sexual intercourse as well as some other aspects of sexual behavior.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer in Northeastern Thailand: Detailed Analyses of Sexual and Smoking Behavior

Natphopsuk

Settheetham-Ishida²,

Sinawat³

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…Tobacco consumption has been well documented as the primary risk factor for lung cancer [2], and smoking cessation has been proven to be the most important and cost-effective management to date. However, fewer than 20% of lifetime smokers develop lung cancer, suggesting that other factors may modulate individual risk associated with exposure to tobacco carcinogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphisms of cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase and risk of lung cancer: A case–control analysis

Luo

Shi

et al. 2007

Lung Cancer

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SummaryThe suboptimal DNA repair capacity is a risk factor for cancer that may be modulated by dietary nutrient intake, and the serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) participates in folate metabolism and synthesis of purine and pyrimidine needed for DNA repair. Therefore, we tested our hypothesis that genetic variants of the cytosolic SHMT (SHMT1) gene are associated with lung cancer risk. In a hospital-based case-control study of 1032 non-Hispanic white lung cancer patients and 1145 matched cancer-free controls, we genotyped five common SHMT1 polymorphisms either in the promoter, exons, or 3′-untranslated regions. Although the genotype and allele frequency distribution of each SNP did not differ between cases and controls statistically significantly in the single-locus analysis, the rs638416 polymorphism in the promoter alone and the combined putative risk variant genotypes containing rs643333C, rs638416G, rs1979277T, rs3738G, and rs1979276C were associated with altered risk. Those carrying the combined 3+ risk variant genotypes had an increased risk of lung cancer (adjusted OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.05-2.57, compared with those having 0-1 risk genotypes; and OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.01-1.45, compared with those having 0-2 risk genotypes). The risk was more pronounced among older individuals (>61 years) or those having a low total folate intake or a high methionine intake. No evidence of interactions between the putative SHMT risk variant genotypes and the selected variables was found. These results suggest that SHMT1 variants may play a role in the etiology of lung cancer, and our findings need to be verified in larger prospective studies.

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“…Among the lifestyle related causes of lung cancer, smoking is the primary risk factor for lung cancer. However, lung cancer develops in less than 20% of people who smoke throughout their life (Shields, 2002) This suggests that other factors including genetic susceptibility and nutritional habits contribute to carcinogenesis of lung cancer (Perera, 1998). Examination of genetic polymorphisms may explain individual differences in cancer risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allele and Genotype Frequencies of the Polymorphic Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase and Lung Cancer in ther Jordanian Population: a Case Control Study

Yousef

Shomaf²,

Said³

et al. 2015

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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of death after heart disease. A total of 6820 new cancer cases were registered by Jordan Cancer Registry in 2010, of these, 4921 cases (72.2%) were among Jordanians, and 1899 cases were non-Jordanians. Out of a total of 4921 new cases of cancer recorded amongst Jordanians in the 2010, of these, 2330 cases (48.1%) were males and 2519 cases (51.9%) were females (Jordan Cancer Registry, 2010). The rank order of the five most common cancers affecting Jordanians are: Breast, Colorectal, Lymphoma, Lung, and Prostate. The crude incidence rate of all cancer among Jordanians was 79.4 per 100,000 population (74.0 for males and 85.1S for females). The lung cancer agestandardized rate (ASR) for incidence/mortality in men (27.0/24.1) is substantially higher than women (4.1/3.7) (Ferlay et al., 2012).

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Molecular epidemiology of smoking and lung cancer

Cited by 136 publications

References 103 publications

Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer in Northeastern Thailand: Detailed Analyses of Sexual and Smoking Behavior

Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer in Northeastern Thailand: Detailed Analyses of Sexual and Smoking Behavior

Polymorphisms of cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase and risk of lung cancer: A case–control analysis

Allele and Genotype Frequencies of the Polymorphic Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase and Lung Cancer in ther Jordanian Population: a Case Control Study

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