Molecular Epidemiology of Theileria annulata in Cattle from Two Districts in Punjab (Pakistan)

Parveen, Asia; Alkhaibari, Abeer M.; Asif, Muhammad; Al-Mohammed, Hamdan I.; Naqvi, Zahra; Khan, Adil; Aktaş, Münir; Özübek, Sezayi; Farooq, Muhammad

doi:10.3390/ani11123443

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This may be the result of increased hormonal stress associated with childbirth and milk production [ 42 , 43 ]. Furthermore, this is also in line with the information provided by Kamani et al (2010) [ 45 ] and by Parveen et al (2021) [ 46 ] that indicate a higher prevalence in females because they are kept longer for different purposes, such as reproduction and milk production, but also because they may not receive adequate feed to meet their high nutritional demand, associated with their productive function. Regarding age, we know that in many infectious and parasitic diseases there is a lower exposure of young animals, which will naturally increase with age [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Theileria annulata Infection in Two Bovine Portuguese Autochthonous Breeds

et al. 2023

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Tropical Bovine Theileriosis is an important tick-borne disease. This study aims to assess the occurrence of Theileria annulata infection in two indigenous Portuguese cattle breeds. A total of 843 blood samples collected from animals of Alentejana (n = 420) and Mertolenga (n = 423) breeds were analyzed. The detection of Theileria annulata was determined by amplification of a fragment of the merozoite-pyroplasm surface antigen gene with 319 base pairs (bp). The prevalence found (10.8%) is lower than that reported in previous studies (21.3%). A statistically significant difference was found for positivity between breeds (p < 0.05). There is also a higher probability of older animals being positive compared to younger ones (p < 0.05). The region where Mertolenga animals are located is shown to have a significant impact on positivity (p < 0.05). Thus, the development of sustainable T. annulata control strategies and their implementation, adapted to the epidemiological conditions of higher risk, will be extremely important.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Theileria annulata Infection in Two Bovine Portuguese Autochthonous Breeds

et al. 2023

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“…According to earlier investigations, T. annulata was detected in 33 and 24% of cattle in Pakistan from two districts. Also, in Pakistan, the occurrence of T. annulata in cattle in different areas was revealed to be 33, 30, 28, 23.7, 21, 19, and 18.8% (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). Additionally, T. annulata infection in cattle has been documented in many nations that fall within the tropical or subtropical climate zones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data from the countries mentioned above regarding the infection rates lower than the rate of the current study, probably, due to some failure in the control programs of ticks in the current study areas. Differences in tick eradication strategies, environment compatibility, farm control, husbandry techniques, and abiotic conditions at sampling locations might cause differences and help in the varying infection rates of T. annulata from one site to another (30,36,37). The primary ingredient for the evolution of microorganisms is genetic diversity (37), so the genetic variety of T. annulata in a host animal enables the parasite to avoid the host's immune system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular study and DNA sequence analysis of Theileria annulata in cattle in Al-Hilla, Iraq

Jawad

Al-Fatlawi

2023

IJVS

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The current work was conducted to unveil the current situation for the infection by Theileria annulata in cattle in Al-Hilla City, Iraq. A total of 225 blood samples (200 from suspected infected animals and 25 from clinically healthy animals as a control group) were collected. These samples were subjected to a direct slide-smearing for detection using a microscope and DNA sequencing, targeting the cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene of 10 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. The thin smear findings of the 200 suspected cases revealed that 63 (31.5%) were infected with Theileria spp., while 115 (57.5%) cases had no Theileria but other blood parasites; however, only 22 (11%) suspected cases showed no presence of any parasites. Unsurprisingly, the 25 blood samples from the control group demonstrated no presence of any blood parasite. Moreover, the DNA sequencing demonstrated that the Theileria spp. belonged to T. annulata species, and these sequences were nucleotide-based similar to Gene-Bank isolates from Tunisia (ON035604, ON035605, ON035606, ON035607, ON035608, ON035609, ON035610, ON035611, ON035612, and ON035613). The present study outcomes indicate that theileriosis is the dominant parasitic infection in cattle in Al-Hilla City and is highly caused by Theileria annulata.

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“…Despite the fact that tropical theileriosis is endemic in many parts of the world, limited information is available in literature regarding the genetic variability in the major merozoite/ piroplasm surface antigen (Tams1) [32] as most of the molecular epidemiological studies are based on either 18S rRNA [33] or cytochrome b genes [17,34], that are highly conserved among different isolates globally. We used the three amplified PCR products from the Tams1 gene of T. annulata for the phylogenetic analysis.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous molecular detection of Anaplasma marginale and Theileria annulata in cattle blood samples collected from Pakistan-Afghanistan boarder region

Jamil,

Chiou,

Muqaddas

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Theileria annulata (T. annulata) and Anaplasma marginale (A. marginale) are among the most extensively reported tick borne pathogens and are associated with huge economic losses worldwide. A total of 298 cattle blood samples were screened to report the presence of these two pathogens. The samples were collected from apparently healthy cattle (Achai, n = 155, Jersy, n = 88 and crossbred, n = 55) in Bajaur district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) during June and July of 2022. A total of 31 out of 298 cattle (10.4%) were found infected with T. annulata as PCR amplified a 156 base pair fragment from Tams-1 gene of T. annulata from their blood. While 16/298 animals (5.4%) were found infected with A. marginale as they amplified a 382 base pair fragment specific for msp5 gene of this bacterium. Three animals (1%) were found co infected. Cattle susceptibility to T. annulata infection was significantly higher than A. marginale infection (P < 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Pakistani isolates of both detected pathogen clustered together and were closely related isolates from worldwide countries. Prevalence of T. annulata varied significantly among the sampling sites (P = 0.05) while no such association was observed for A. marginale among the tested cattle. Epidemiological data analysis revealed that none of the studied risk factors was found associated either with the prevalence of T. annulata or A. marginale (P > 0.05) among enrolled cattle. In conclusion, our study has revealed a relatively higher prevalence of T. annulata than A. marginale in cattle from the Bajaur district in KPK. This information is important for improving the productivity of the livestock sector, which is one of the main sources of income in the country. It is recommended that this data be taken into account for the development and implementation of effective tick control programs, as well as for the improvement of livestock management practices to prevent and manage TBDs in Pakistan.

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Molecular Epidemiology of Theileria annulata in Cattle from Two Districts in Punjab (Pakistan)

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Theileria annulata Infection in Two Bovine Portuguese Autochthonous Breeds

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Theileria annulata Infection in Two Bovine Portuguese Autochthonous Breeds

Molecular study and DNA sequence analysis of Theileria annulata in cattle in Al-Hilla, Iraq

Simultaneous molecular detection of Anaplasma marginale and Theileria annulata in cattle blood samples collected from Pakistan-Afghanistan boarder region

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