Molecular Evidence for the Origin of the S-derived Genomes of Polyploid Triticum Species

Talbert, L. E.; Magyar, G. M.; Lavin, Matt; Blake, Tom; Moylan, S. L.

doi:10.2307/2444956

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…bicornis. This agrees with the widely accepted classification of the section based on isoenzymes (Jaaska 1978), electrophoresis of seedling proteins (Bahrman et al 1988), cpDNA (Bowman et al 1983;Ogihara and Tsunewaki 1988;Wang et al 1997), rRNA (Dvorak 1990), repetitive DNA sequences (Talbert et al 1991), variation in the restriction patterns of repeated nucleotide sequences (Dvorak and Zhang 1992), electrophoresis of leaf proteins (Mendlinger and Zohary 1995), nRFLP (Sasanuma et al 1996;Ciaffi et al 2000;Giorgi et al 2002), in situ hybridisation (Giorgi et al 2003), and CAPS on cpDNA (Haider and Nabulsi 2008).…”

Section: Genetic Relationships Among Triticum Speciessupporting

confidence: 86%

Comparison of the efficiency of A–PAGE and SDS–PAGE, ISSRs and RAPDs in resolving genetic relationships among Triticum and Aegilops species

Haider

Nabulsi

MirAli

2010

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Species that belong to the genus Triticum L. and the genetically related Aegilops L. genus are important genetic and economic resources because they have an evolutionary relationship with the two main agricultural crops T. aestivum (bread wheat) and T. durum (durum wheat). Therefore, it is important to understand the genetic relationships among the cultivated wheat species and their wild relatives. The latter have a great role in the improvement of cultivated wheat. Molecular markers are the best choice and most reliable means to study these relationships accurately. In this study, we compared the efficiency of the biochemical methods A-PAGE and SDS-PAGE on seed storage proteins and the molecular methods RAPDs and ISSRs to explore the genetic relationships among seven species of Triticum and 20 Aegilops species. Three phylogenetic trees obtained in this study were compared with available classifications and phylogenetic trees constructed earlier for these species. It was noted that the tree based on ISSRs data was the most congruent with those classification and trees. This may be attributed to the fact that ISSRs is more specific, and therefore more reliable. This study is the first to study genetic relationships among all species studied here using biochemical and molecular techniques.

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Section: Genetic Relationships Among Triticum Speciessupporting

confidence: 86%

Comparison of the efficiency of A–PAGE and SDS–PAGE, ISSRs and RAPDs in resolving genetic relationships among Triticum and Aegilops species

Haider

Nabulsi

MirAli

2010

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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“…Although Sharma and Waines (1980) reported that tough rachis in Triticum monococcum (2n = 2x = 14) was controlled by contrasting alleles at 12 loci, Watanabe et al (2003) found that allelic variation at the Br 2 locus on chromosome 3A determined the rachis brittleness. The open-pollinated species, Aegilops speltoides (2n = 2x = 14; genome SS), which is the most likely source of the B genome of T. aestivum and T. durum (Sarker and Stebbins 1956;Dvorak and Appells 1982;Dvorak and Zhang 1990;Talbert et al 1991;Wang et al 1997), is composed of 2 morphological forms. In the form aucheri, whose spikes are conical, disarticulation occurs from stems at a single node at the bottom of the spikes, and only the terminal spikelet is awned.…”

Section: Mapping Of the Br 1 Locus (B 1 F 1 From Novosibirskaya 67*2/mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite mapping of the genes for brittle rachis on homoeologous group 3 chromosomes in tetraploid and hexaploid wheats

et al. 2006

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The brittle rachis character, which causes spontaneous shattering of spikelets, has an adaptive value in wild grass species. The loci Br1 and Br2 in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and Br3 in hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum L.) determine disarticulation of rachides above the junction of the rachilla with the rachis such that a fragment of rachis is attached below each spikelet. Using microsatellite markers, the loci Br1, Br2 and Br3 were mapped on the homoeologous group 3 chromosomes. The Br2 locus was located on the short arm of chromosome 3A and linked with the centromeric marker, Xgwm32, at a distance of 13.3 cM. The Br3 locus was located on the short arm of chromosome 3B and linked with the centromeric marker, Xgwm72 (at a distance of 14.2 cM). The Br1 locus was located on the short arm of chromosome 3D. The distance of Br1 from the centromeric marker Xgdm72 was 25.3 cM. Mapping the Br1, Br2 and Br3 loci of the brittle rachis suggests the homoeologous origin of these 3 loci for brittle rachides. Since the genes for brittle rachis have been retained in the gene pool of durum wheat, the more closely linked markers with the brittle rachis locus are required to select against brittle rachis genotypes and then to avoid yield loss in improved cultivars.

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“…The selection of the best varieties of wheat for domestication took place over many centuries in many regions. Today, only varieties of common, club and durum wheats are of commercial importance, but other species are still grown to suit local conditions and provide essential stock for formal breeding programs (Talbert et al 1991). Remains of both emmer and einkorn wheat have been found by archaeologists working on sites in the Middle East dating from the 7th millennium BC.…”

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confidence: 99%

Water and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Diploid, Tetraploid and Hexaploid Wheats

Ming-li

Deng

Zhao

et al. 2007

JIPB

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Three diploid (Triticum boeoticum, AA; Aegilops speltoides, BB and Ae. tauschii, DD), two tetraploid (T. dicoccoides, AABB and T. dicoccon, AABB) and one hexaploid (T. vulgare, AABBDD) varieties of wheat, which are very important in the evolution of wheat were chosen in this study. A pot experiment was carried out on the wheat under different water and nutrient conditions (i) to understand the differences in biomass, yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and nutrient (N, P and K) use efficiency (uptake and utilization efficiency) among ploidies in the evolution of wheat; (ii) to clarify the effect of water and nutrient conditions on water and nutrient use efficiency; and (iii) to assess the relationship of water and nutrient use efficiency in the evolution of wheat. Our results showed that from diploid to tetraploid then to hexaploid during the evolution of wheat, both root biomass and above-ground biomass increased initially and then decreased. Water consumption for transpiration decreased remarkably, correlating with the decline of the growth period, while grain yield, harvest index, WUE, N, P and K uptake efficiency, and N, P and K utilization efficiency increased significantly. Grain yield, harvest index and WUE decreased in the same order: T. vulgare > T. dicoccon > T. dicoccoides > Ae. tauschii > Ae. speltoides > T. boeoticum. Water stress significantly decreased root biomass, above-ground biomass, yield, and water consumption for transpiration by 47-52%, but remarkably increased WUE. Increasing the nutrient supply increased wheat above-ground biomass, grain yield, harvest index, water consumption for transpiration and WUE under different water levels, but reduced root biomass under drought conditions. Generally, water stress and low nutrient supply resulted in the lower nutrient uptake efficiency of wheat. However, water and nutrient application had no significant effects on nutrient utilization efficiency, suggesting that wheat nutrient utilization efficiency is mainly controlled by genotypes. Compared to the other two diploid wheats, Ae. squarrosa (DD) had significant higher WUE and nutrient utilization efficiency, indicating that the D genome may carry genes controlling high efficient utilization of water and nutrient. Significant relationships were found between WUE and N, P and K utilization efficiency. K (2007). Water and nutrient use efficiency in diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheats.

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Molecular Evidence for the Origin of the S-derived Genomes of Polyploid Triticum Species

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Comparison of the efficiency of A–PAGE and SDS–PAGE, ISSRs and RAPDs in resolving genetic relationships among Triticum and Aegilops species

Comparison of the efficiency of A–PAGE and SDS–PAGE, ISSRs and RAPDs in resolving genetic relationships among Triticum and Aegilops species

Microsatellite mapping of the genes for brittle rachis on homoeologous group 3 chromosomes in tetraploid and hexaploid wheats

Water and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Diploid, Tetraploid and Hexaploid Wheats

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