Molecular Evolution of Ascomycete Fungi: Phylogeny and Conflict

Taylor, John W.; Swann, Eric C.; Berbee, Mary L.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-9290-4_17

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The other ascomycetes from which the sequences of fungal serine proteases were analysed (Fig. 3) (Taylor et al , 1994 ;Radford, 1993 ;Curran e t al., 1994 ;Tigano-Milani et al , 1995). Thus, the similarity of the sequences of the analysed serine protease can at least partly be explained by the proposed phylogeny of the species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence analysis and regulation of a gene encoding a cuticle-degrading serine protease from the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

Åhman

Rask

et al. 1996

Microbiology

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The nematode trapping fungus Arthrobotrys o/igospora produces an extracellular serine protease (designated PII) that immobilizes free-living nematodes in bioassays and hydrolyses proteins of the nematode cuticle. Peptides were isolated from PI1 and partly sequenced. Three internal peptide sequences were used to design synthetic oligonucleotides, which allowed the subsequent isolation of the gene encoding PI1 from a genomic library. The deduced amino acid sequence indicated that PI1 is synthesized as a preproenzyme containing the mature enzyme, a signal sequence and a propeptide that are removed before the enzyme is secreted into the medium. The primary sequence of PI1 displayed a high degree of similarity with several other serine proteases of ascomycetes belonging to the subtilisin family. Northern analysis demonstrated that PI/ was expressed when the fungus was starved of nitrogen and carbon and that the expression was significantly stimulated by the addition to the medium of various soluble and insoluble proteins, including fragments of nematode cuticle. The levels of the mRNA as well as the proteolytic activity of PI1 were repressed in the presence of more easily metabolized forms of nitrogen (including ammonia, nitrate and amino acids) or glucose. The activity of the enzyme was almost completely inhibited by the peptide Phe-Val, as well as by the amino acid Phe, without a corresponding decrease in mRNA level. Notably, peptider with similar structures are known to be secreted by the host (nematode) and to stimulate the production of infection structures (traps) of the fungus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence analysis and regulation of a gene encoding a cuticle-degrading serine protease from the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

Åhman

Rask

et al. 1996

Microbiology

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“…Within the former group, however, the Ioculoascomycete order Pleosporales appears as a monophyletic group including the families Pleosporaceae and Lophiostomataceae, and the Ioculoascomycete order Dothideales may also constitute a monophyletic group without statistical support (Berbee, 1996). As pointed by Taylor et al (1994), among the filamentous ascomycetes with ascomata, there is an early radiation comprising the apothecial ascomycetes represented by Morchella, Gyromitra and Inermisia and the Ioculoascomycetes represented by the Pleosporales and Dothideales radiated earlier than cleistothecial and perithecial ascomycetes (Berbee, 1996;Gargas and Taylor, 1995). The newest NJ analysis of 18S rRNA gene (Figs.…”

Section: Acremonium-producing Mycoarachis Inversamentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These features are similar to those of Taphrina, and therefore may not conflict with the proposed molecular phylogeny 9 It is still uncertain whether Neolecta forms ascogenous hyphae or if its anamorphic state is yeastlike, and further studies are needed to assign this genus within the "Archiascomycetes" and also to find the closest relatives. Very recently the class "Archiascomycetes" has been hierarchically classified by Kurtzman (1998b), and Kurtzman and Sugiyama (unpublished) Taylor et al, 1994;Wakefield et al, 1993). However, the closest relatives of P. carinE still remain uncertain.…”

Section: Detection Of the Ascomycota And Basidiomycotamentioning

confidence: 96%

Relatedness, phylogeny, and evolution of the fungi

Sugiyama

1998

Mycoscience

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"Traditional studies of evolution have amply demonstrated that evolution at the phenotypic level is characterized by adaptation and opportunism, irregularity in pace, and inequality of rates among lineages. In contrast, studies of molecular evolution have revealed quite different features characterized by changes that are conservative in nature, random in pattern (independent of phenotypic characters), and quite regular in pace with equal rates among diverge [sic] lineages for a given protein". (Kimura, M. 1983. The neutral theory of molecular evolution, pp. 308-309, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.) Accepted for publication 2 November 1998Recent advances in fungal systematics are reviewed in relation to our previous studies. The usefulness of the integrated analysis of genotypic (especially 18S rRNA gene sequence comparisons) and phenotypic (especially ultrastructural and chemotaxonomic data) characters has been emphasized for the major groups and selected taxa of the fungi, and the impact to fungal systematics and evolution is discussed. Our noteworthy studies and findings are: 1) polyphyly of the chytridiomycetes and zygomycetes, 2) phylogenetic origin of the entomophthoralean fungi including Basidiobolus, 3) detection of a major new lineage "Archiascomycetes,'' comprising Taphrina, Protomyces and Saitoella, Schizosaccharomyces, and Pneumocystis, within the Ascomycota, and its phylogenetic and evolutionary significance, 4) polyphyletic origins of species in the anamorphic genus Geosmithia, and 5) phylogenetic placement of Mixia osmundae, species correctly and incorrectly assigned to the genus Taphrina, and basidiomyceotus yeasts. The newest 18S rDNA sequence-based neighbor-joining trees of the Ascomycota are demonstrated.

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“…Watanabe et al (1989) suggested from 5S rRNA analysis that Pneumocystis is closely related to Zygomycotina, but ultrastructural studies showed cell division by fission (Yoshida 1989). Taylor et al (1994) and Sugiyama and Nishida (1995) suggested that P. carinii and S. pombe have a similar life cycle, and Nishida and Sugiyama (1994b) placed Pneumocystis in Taphrinomycotina. Subsequently, Hibbett et al (2007) accommodated the genus in the class Pneumocystidiomycetes in the subphylum Taphrinomycotina.…”

Section: Taphrinomycotinamentioning

confidence: 96%