Molecular evolution of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum in the field

Kim, Nam‐Hyung; Ha, Eunho; Ko, Dongwook W.; Lee, Chung-Young; Kim, Jae Hong; Kwon, Hyuk‐Joon

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.05.019

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Interestingly, a synergistic effect of PS SG 9R and live SG 9R was apparent and may reflect cooperative stimulation of humoral immunity by dead and live bacteria. Therefore, this new formulation without the use of the carcinogen formaldehyde may be useful to improve the protective efficacy of conventional live vaccines against infection with virulence variants recently detected in the field (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Humoral Immune Responses to Different Forms of Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum Biovar Gallinarum

Kim

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Fowl typhoid is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum (SG), and live attenuated, rough vaccine strains have been used. Both humoral and cellular immune responses are involved in protection, but the humoral responses to different forms of SG antigens are unclear. In this study, we compared humoral responses to a killed oil-emulsion (OE) smooth vaccine (SG002) and its rough mutant vaccine (SR2-N6) strains using proteomics techniques. We identified two immunogenic outer membrane proteins (OmpA and OmpX), and the selected linear epitopes were successfully applied in peptide-ELISA. Our peptide-and total OMP-ELISAs were used to compare the temporal humoral responses to various SG antigens: OE SG002 and SR2-N6; live, killed [PBS-suspension (PS) and OE)] and mixed (live and PS) formulations of another rough vaccine strain (SG 9R); and orally challenge with a field strain. Serum antibodies to the linear epitopes of OmpA and OmpX lasted only for the first 2 weeks, but serum antibodies against OMPs increased over time. The rough strain (SR2-N6) and mixed SG 9R induced higher serum antibody titers than the smooth strain (SG002) and single SG 9R (OE, live and PS SG 9R), respectively. Infection with the field strain delayed the serum antibody response by ∼2 weeks. Mucosal immunity was not induced by any formulation, except for infection with the field strain after SG 9R vaccination. Thus, our results may be useful to understand humoral immunity against various SG antigens and to improve vaccine programs and serological diagnosis in the field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Humoral Immune Responses to Different Forms of Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum Biovar Gallinarum

Kim

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Kim et al [12] reported that S. Gallinarum isolates from Korea display a longer PPL length than the other S. Gallinarum strains deposited in GenBank [11]; PPL length could be an indicator of the evolution of S. Gallinarum pathogenicity in Korea, although profound in vivo study is needed to establish the actual relationship between PPL length and virulence of strains. SpvB is an ADP-ribosyl transferase and destabilizes the cytoskeleton of the host cell [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SpvB is an ADP-ribosyl transferase and destabilizes the cytoskeleton of the host cell [10]. PPL connects the N-and C-terminal domains of SpvB, and PPL length affects the translocation of SpvB to cytosol, with a longer PPL giving higher virulence activity to SpvB [12]. Kwon and Cho [11] reported that S. Gallinarum 9R, the live vaccine strain, had a PPL length of 9 prolines, while virulent S. Gallinarum isolates from Korea had PPLs of 17 prolines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CRISPR loci and PPL regions of all isolates were amplified by PCR and analyzed by sequencing as previously described [12,19]. Two CRISPR loci of S. Gallinarum were confirmed by CRISPRdb (https://crispr.i2bc.paris-saclay.fr/) [23].…”

Section: Detection Of Crispr Loci and Pplsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9,10]. Kwon and Cho [11] reported that a polyproline linker (PPL) connecting the Nand C-terminal domains of SpvB determines the pathogenic activity of SpvB, and Kim et al [12] also reported that PPL length could be an indicator of the molecular evolution of S. Gallinarum pathogenicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virulence Variation of Salmonella Gallinarum Isolates through SpvB by CRISPR Sequence Subtyping, 2014 to 2018

Kim

Yoon

Kim

et al. 2020

Animals

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Salmonella Gallinarum is a Gram-negative bacteria that causes fowl typhoid, a septicemic disease with high morbidity and mortality that affects all ages of chickens. Although vaccines and antimicrobials have been used nationwide to eradicate the disease, the malady is still prevalent in Korea. In this study, we investigated the virulence and genetic variation of 116 S. Gallinarum isolates from laying hens between 2014 and 2018. A total of 116 isolates were divided into five Gallinarum Sequence Types (GST) through clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) subtyping method. The GSTs displayed changes over time. The 116 isolates showed no difference in virulence gene distribution, but the polyproline linker (PPL) length of the SpvB, one of the virulence factors of Salmonella spp., served as an indicator of S. Gallinarum pathogenicity. The most prevalent PPL length was 22 prolines (37.9%). The shortest PPL length (19 prolines) was found only in isolates from 2014 and 2015. However, the longest PPL length of 24 prolines appeared in 2018. This study indicates that PPLs of S. Gallinarum in Korea tend to lengthen over time, so the pathogenic potency of the bacteria is increasing. Moreover, the transition of GST was associated with PPL length extension over time. These results indicate that surveillance of changing GST and PPL length are necessary in the monitoring of S. Gallinarum isolates.

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Salmonella delivers H9N2 influenza virus antigens via a prokaryotic and eukaryotic dual-expression vector and elicits bivalent protection against avian influenza and fowl typhoid

Hewawaduge,

Kwon,

Sivasankar

et al. 2023

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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Molecular evolution of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum in the field

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Comparison of Humoral Immune Responses to Different Forms of Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum Biovar Gallinarum

Comparison of Humoral Immune Responses to Different Forms of Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum Biovar Gallinarum

Virulence Variation of Salmonella Gallinarum Isolates through SpvB by CRISPR Sequence Subtyping, 2014 to 2018

Salmonella delivers H9N2 influenza virus antigens via a prokaryotic and eukaryotic dual-expression vector and elicits bivalent protection against avian influenza and fowl typhoid

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