Molecular features of bile salt hydrolases and relevance in human health

Chand, Deepak; Avinash, Vellore Sunder; Yadav, Yashpal; Pundle, Archana; Suresh, C. G.; Ramasamy, Sureshkumar

doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.09.024

Cited by 71 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…The 3D structure comparison of these BSHs was similar as secondary structure comparison, there were two specific β-sheets on BSHs from Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus , respectively (Figure 1C). It was reported that the activity sites of BSHs were near Asn175 and Arg228 (Chand et al, 2017), which was not close to the structural differential sites. The results indicated that the relationship of BSH structure and enzyme activity should be investigated in following study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Taxonomic Profiling and Populational Patterns of Bacterial Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) Genes on Worldwide Human Gut Microbiome

Jin

Song

et al. 2018

Preprint

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SummaryBile salt hydrolase (BSH) in gut bacteria can hydrolyze conjugated bile salts to unconjugated bile acids and amino acids. Thereby play a crucially important role in host health by reducing serum cholesterol levels, preserving bile acids balance and regulating various metabolism as signaling molecules. Here we present the taxonomic identification of BSHs in human microbiota and elucidate the abundance and activity differences of various bacterial BSHs among 11 different populations. For the first time, we have revealed BSH are distributed in 154 intestinal bacterial strains within 33 genera in human microbiota. However, these BSHs present obviously differentiation for the sequence identity being from 28.6% to 100%, and the 32.7% bacteria strains having more than one paralogs of BSHs with dissimilarity. Therefore, we reclassified the BSHs from the different genera into 6 phylotypes basing on their phylogenetic tree, and demonstrate the significant abundance patterns of BSH phylotypes among different populations. From the enzyme activity comparison, the representative sequence of BSH-T3 was shown highest enzyme activity in 6 phylotypes. Meanwhile, BSH-T3 sequences which all distributed in Lactobacillus show highest abundance in Chinese and Austrian. The information illustrated by this study is useful for investigating the population differences of bile acid metabolism related diseases, and further giving a new suggestion on selection of probiotics or development of pharmaceutical proteins based upon the activity of BSH phylotypes to regulate host metabolism and maintain fitness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Taxonomic Profiling and Populational Patterns of Bacterial Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) Genes on Worldwide Human Gut Microbiome

Jin

Song

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…The mode of substrate binding is dependent on the loops surrounding the active site, which also define the volume of the site ( Figure 5B ). Polar complementarity toward conjugated bile acids was also proposed as an important facet of substrate specificity (Chand et al, 2017). Lg BSH exhibited substrate specificity toward glyco-conjugated bile salts and had the lowest binding energy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, BSHs from most bacterial species had substrate preferences toward glyco-conjugated bile salts rather than tauro-conjugated ones. The major reasons for these phenomena include, steric hindrance caused by a sulfur atom of taurine and an abundance of glyco-conjugated bile salts in nature (Chand et al, 2017). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Bile Salt Hydrolase from Lactobacillus gasseri FR4 and Demonstration of Its Substrate Specificity and Inhibitory Mechanism Using Molecular Docking Analysis

2017

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Probiotic bacteria are beneficial to the health of poultry animals, thus are used as alternative candidates for antibiotics used as growth promoters (AGPs). However, they also reduce the body weight gain due to innate bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity. Hence, the addition of a suitable BSH inhibitor along with the probiotic feed can decrease the BSH activity. In this study, a BSH gene (981 bp) encoding 326-amino acids was identified from the genome of Lactobacillus gasseri FR4 (LgBSH). The LgBSH-encoding gene was cloned and purified using an Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) expression system, and its molecular weight (37 kDa) was confirmed by SDS–PAGE and a Western blot analysis. LgBSH exhibited greater hydrolysis toward glyco-conjugated bile salts compared to tauro-conjugated bile salts. LgBSH displayed optimal activity at 52°C at a pH of 5.5, and activity was further increased by several reducing agents (DTT), surfactants (Triton X-100 and Tween 80), and organic solvents (isopropanol, butanol, and acetone). Riboflavin and penicillin V, respectively, inhibited LgBSH activity by 98.31 and 97.84%. A homology model of LgBSH was predicted using EfBSH (4WL3) as a template. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the glycocholic acid had lowest binding energy of -8.46 kcal/mol; on the other hand, inhibitors, i.e., riboflavin and penicillin V, had relatively higher binding energies of -6.25 and -7.38 kcal/mol, respectively. Our results suggest that L. gasseri FR4 along with riboflavin might be a potential alternative to AGPs for poultry animals.

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“…Nonetheless, the main mechanism is related to bile salt hydrolase. It has been proposed that BSHs facilitate the consumption of cholesterol or bile into bacterial membranes [43], [44]. BSH positive strains secrete bile salt hydrolase enzyme that hydrolyzes conjugated bile acids to give deconjugated bile acids and amino acids [31].…”

Section: Anti-microbial Activity Of Potential Probiotic Lactic Acid Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-microbial activity of potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

Nebyou

Sharma

Taneja

2020

Preprint

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Acid and bile tolerance activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from bovine milk. AbstractLactic acid bacteria (LAB)are the essential ingredients in probiotic foods, intestinal microflora, and dairy products able to cope up and exist in diverse environmental ranges. Samples were collected using sterile test tubes and transported to a laboratory in the icebox for further biochemical characterization. Gram test and catalase activity were examined after microscopically distinct colonies were sub-cultured to pure colonies based on standard gram and catalase test protocols. Subsequently, these bacteria were characterized for their ability to grow at various salt concentrations (5%,10%, and15%) and temperature gradients (15°C, 30°C, 45°C). Acid-tolerance was analyzed by growing the colonies in MRS broth adjusted to acidic pH (pH 3) and pH 7.2 (control). Bile tolerance of LAB isolates was assayed by growing in 0.3% bile-supplemented MRS agar. Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity was studied by growing 10 μ l of the prepared overnight culture on BSH screening media containing MRS agar plate supplemented with bile salts. The LAB isolates were checked for antimicrobial activity by agar well diffusion assay. All isolates found gram-positive, catalase-negative and non-motile, convex elevation and entire margin. All LAB isolates were able to grow at 5-10% Nacl concentration, whereas moderately grow at 10% concentration but rarely grow at 15% Nacl concentration. BCM2, BBM3 and BGM1 record the highest acidic resistance viability percentage 94.9%, 92.7%, and 91.8% respectively. BCM3 has the lowest acidic resistance with a viable percentage of 87.4%.2 BBM1 records the highest bile tolerance activity whereas BCM2 has the lowest bile tolerance. All isolates were found BSH positive. The study reveals LAB isolates showed a putative probiotic potential. Article highlightsLAB are the main ingredients of probiotic products commercially available in the market nowadays. To effectively functioning the host gastrointestinal tract probiotics, need to have certain criteria like acid and bile tolerance this study reveals • Acid tolerance activity of LAB isolated from bovine milk • Bile tolerance activity of LAB isolated from bovine milk • Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity of LAB isolates • Antimicrobial activity of LAB against MRSA

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Molecular features of bile salt hydrolases and relevance in human health

Cited by 71 publications

References 117 publications

Taxonomic Profiling and Populational Patterns of Bacterial Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) Genes on Worldwide Human Gut Microbiome

Taxonomic Profiling and Populational Patterns of Bacterial Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) Genes on Worldwide Human Gut Microbiome

Characterization of Bile Salt Hydrolase from Lactobacillus gasseri FR4 and Demonstration of Its Substrate Specificity and Inhibitory Mechanism Using Molecular Docking Analysis

Anti-microbial activity of potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

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