Molecular genetic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains spread in different patient groups in St. Petersburg, Russia

Chernyaeva, Ekaterina; Dobrynin, Pavel; Pestova, Natalia; Матвеева, Н. А.; Zhemkov, Vladimir; Kozlov, Andrei P.

doi:10.1007/s10096-011-1497-2

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“… a Karelia: Single isolates (X and unknown) are not shown Settings (references): Pskov [ 18 ]; St. Petersburg [ 11 , 20 , 25 ]; Murmansk [ 24 ], Finland [ 17 ] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in molecular epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Republic of Karelia, Russian Federation

et al. 2015

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BackgroundRussian Republic of Karelia is located at the Russian-Finnish border. It contains most of the historical Karelia land inhabited with autochthonous Karels and more recently migrated Russians. Although tuberculosis (TB) incidence in Karelia is decreasing, it remains high (45.8/100 000 in 2014) with the rate of multi-drug resistance (MDR) among newly diagnosed TB patients reaching 46.5 %. The study aimed to genetically characterize Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained at different time points from TB patients from Karelia to gain insight into the phylogeographic specificity of the circulating genotypes and to assess trends in evolution of drug resistant subpopulations.MethodsThe sample included 150 M. tuberculosis isolates: 78 isolated in 2013–2014 (“new” collection) and 72 isolated in 2006 (“old” collection). Drug susceptibility testing was done by the method of absolute concentrations. Spoligotyping was used to test genotype-specific markers of a Latin-American-Mediterranean (LAM) family and its sublineages as well as a Beijing B0/W148-cluster.ResultsThe largest spoligotypes were SIT1 (Beijing family, n = 42) and SIT40 (T family, n = 5). Beijing family was the largest (n = 43) followed by T (n = 11), Ural (n = 10) and LAM (n = 8). Successful Russian clone, Beijing В0/W148, was identified in 15 (34.9 %) of 43 Beijing isolates; all В0/W148 isolates were drug-resistant. Seven of 8 LAM isolates belonged to the RD115/LAM-RUS branch, 1 - to the LAM RD174/RD-Rio sublineage. MDR was found in Beijing (32/43), Ural (3/10), and LAM (3/8). In contrast, all T isolates were pansusceptible. Comparison of drug resistant subgroups of the new and old collections showed an increasing prevalence of the B0/W148 clonal cluster, from 18.0 % (mainly polyresistant) in 2006 to 32.6 % in 2014 (mainly MDR and pre-XDR). The West–east increasing gradient is observed for the Ural genotype that may be defined a ‘Russian’ strain. In contrast, the spoligotype SIT40 of the T family appears to be a historical Karelian strain.ConclusionsCirculation of the MDR M. tuberculosis isolates of the Beijing genotype and its B0/W148 cluster continues to critically influence the current situation with the MDR-TB control in northwestern Russia including the Republic of Karelia. Revealed phylogeographic patterns of some genotypes reflect a complex demographic history of Karelia within the course of the 20th century.

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“… a Karelia: Single isolates (X and unknown) are not shown Settings (references): Pskov [ 18 ]; St. Petersburg [ 11 , 20 , 25 ]; Murmansk [ 24 ], Finland [ 17 ] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in molecular epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Republic of Karelia, Russian Federation

et al. 2015

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“…Numerous studies have documented TB increases in the broader population that can be attributed, at least in part, to contacts with prison populations [21–23]. More recently, studies using genetic epidemiology have provided important new insights into the role that prisons play in community outbreaks of TB [24,25]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union has documented a close association between rates of incarceration and of both TB and multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB), an association exacerbated by a high prevalence of HIV [27]. The aforementioned Russian study [25] found that TB spoligotypes (a means of genotyping Mycobacterium tuberculosis based on patterns of repeat units in DNA) were much less heterogeneous amongst prisoners than the general population, homeless or HIV-infected groups outside prison, suggesting that TB infection is transmitted especially easily amongst this confined group. Research in 1999 documented cases of HIV-positive prisoners co-infected with more than one M. tuberculosis strain [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prisoners co‐infected with tuberculosis and HIV: a systematic review

Edge

King

Dolan

et al. 2016

Journal of the International AIDS Society

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IntroductionAlmost from the beginning of the HIV epidemic in 1981, an association with tuberculosis (TB) was recognized. This association between HIV and TB co-infection has been particularly evident amongst prisoners. However, despite this, few studies of TB in prisons have stratified results by HIV status. Given the high prevalence of HIV-positive persons and TB-infected persons in prisons and the documented risk of TB in those infected with HIV, it is of interest to determine how co-infection varies amongst prison populations worldwide. For this reason we have undertaken a systematic review of studies of co-infected prisoners to determine the incidence and/or prevalence of HIV/TB co-infection in prisons, as well as outcomes in this group, measured as treatment success or death.MethodsA literature search was undertaken using the online databases PubMed, Embase, IBSS, Scopus, Web of Science, Global Health and CINAHL Plus. No restrictions were set on language or publication date for article retrieval, with articles included if indexed up to 18 October 2015. A total of 1975 non-duplicate papers were identified. For treatment and outcome data all eligible papers were appraised for inclusion; for incidence/prevalence estimates papers published prior to 2000 were excluded from full text review. After full text appraisal, 46 papers were selected for inclusion in the review, 41 for incidence/prevalence estimates and nine for outcomes data, with four papers providing evidence for both outcomes and prevalence/incidence.ResultsVery few studies estimated the incidence of TB in HIV positive prisoners, with most simply reporting prevalence of co-infection. Co-infection is rarely explicitly measured, with studies simply reporting HIV status in prisoners with TB, or a cross-sectional survey of TB prevalence amongst prisoners with HIV. Estimates of co-infection prevalence ranged from 2.4 to 73.1% and relative risks for one, given the other, ranged from 2.0 to 10.75, although some studies reported no significant association between HIV and TB. Few studies provided a comparison with the risk of co-infection in the general population.ConclusionsPrisoners infected with HIV are at high risk of developing TB. However, the magnitude of risk varies between different prisons and countries. There is little evidence on treatment outcomes in co-infected prisoners, and the existing evidence is conflicting in regards to HIV status influence on prisoner treatment outcomes.PROSPERO Number: CRD42016034068

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“…In our neighboring countries in the East and South, the TB incidence is high and predominantly associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates belonging to the Beijing genotype family [5]. Multidrug resistant (MDR) TB is a significant problem in Russia and Estonia, while in Finland this remains a rare occurrence [6–8]. Puustinen et al showed that M. tuberculosis isolates belonging to the Beijing lineage were infrequently encountered in Finland [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Finland, 2008-2011

et al. 2013

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In industrialized countries the majority of tuberculosis (TB) cases are linked to immigration. In Finland, most cases are still Finnish born but the number of foreign born cases is steadily increasing. In this 4-year population based study, the TB situation in Finland was characterized by a genotypic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. A total of 1048 M. tuberculosis isolates (representing 99.4% of all culture positive cases) were analyzed by spoligotyping and MIRU. Spoligotype lineages belonging to the Euro-American family were predominant among the Finnish isolates, particularly T (n=346, 33.0%) and Haarlem (n=237, 22.6%) strains. The lineage signature was unknown for 130 (12.4%) isolates. Out of the 17 multi-drug resistant TB strains, 10 (58.8%) belonged to the Beijing lineage. In total, 23 new SIT designations were given and 51 orphan strains were found, of which 58 patterns were unique to Finland. Phylogeographical TB mapping as compared to neighboring countries showed that the population structure in Finland most closely resembled that observed in Sweden. By combining spoligotyping and MIRU results, 98 clusters comprising 355 isolates (33.9%) were found. Only 10 clusters contained both Finnish and foreign born cases. In conclusion, a large proportion of the M. tuberculosis isolates were from Finnish born elderly patients. Moreover, many previously unidentified spoligotype profiles and isolates belonging to unknown lineages were encountered.

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Molecular genetic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains spread in different patient groups in St. Petersburg, Russia

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Trends in molecular epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Republic of Karelia, Russian Federation

Trends in molecular epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Republic of Karelia, Russian Federation

Prisoners co‐infected with tuberculosis and HIV: a systematic review

Molecular Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Finland, 2008-2011

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