Molecular genetic analysis of Plasmodium vivax isolates from Eastern and Central Sudan using pvcsp and pvmsp-3α genes as molecular markers

Talha, Albadawi Abdelbagi; Pirahmadi, Sekineh; Mehrizi, Akram Abouie; Djadid, Navid Dinparast; Nour, Bakri Y. M.; Zakeri, Sedigheh

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2015.02.004

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The results of PvCSP uphold the ndings of the previously published results showing that VK210 strain is predominant type with the prevalence rate ranging between 81-100% [9,12,14,36]. There are few malaria endemic areas where VK247 isolates are commonly present [37,38].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Among ve Plasmodium species, Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) contributes around 70% malaria cases in Pakistan [3] with variable severity [4][5][6]. To circumvent the parasite load, there is a need to investigate the population structure, genetic diversity [7], parasite typing of the local P. vivax species, pattern of antigenic variations and drug resistance [8,9]. It would lead to discontinue transmission cycle of the parasite in human host in endemic areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Characterization of Plasmodium vivax Isolates from Pakistan Using Circumsporozoite Protein (PvCSP) and Merozoite Surface Protein-1 (PvMSP-1) Genes as Genetic Markers

Bibi

Fatima

Rani

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Plasmodium vivax contribute over 70% malaria burden in Pakistan. Limited data exist on various aspects including genetic diversity of the parasite as compared to other parts of the world. The information about extent of genetic diversity assists to understand the transmission patterns of the parasite in human host. The current study was designed to understand population divergence of Plasmodium vivax in Pakistan using circumsporozoite protein and merozoite surface protein-I genes as molecular markers.Methods PvCSP and PvMSP-1 specific PCR and DNA sequencing were carried out for 150 blood samples collected from Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Genetic diversity was analysed using ChromasPro, ClustalW, MEGA7 and DnaSP v.5 programs.Results The PCR for PvCSP and PvMSP-1 genes was carried out for 150 P. vivax isolates resulting the PCR products ranging from 900 to 1100 bp for PvCSP gene and ~ 400 bp for PvMSP-1 gene. Majority (93%; 121/150) of the P. vivax isolates were of VK210 variant type and only 9 isolates were found of VK247 variant type based on PvCSP gene. Out of the numerous peptide repeat motifs (PRMs) detected, GDRADGQPA (PRM1) and GDRAAGQPA (PRM2) were more extensively dispersed among the P. vivax isolates. Partial sequences (~ 400 bp) at the N-terminal of PvMSP-1 gene depicted high level of diversity.Conclusion High-level genetic diversity based on PvCSP and PvMSP-1 genes was observed in clinical isolated in the study area. Parasite typing is essential in predicting pattern of antigenic variations, drug resistance and for effective drug and vaccine designing and development which can further evaluate for malaria control and eradication at individual and community level. The base-line data presented here warrant future studies to investigate more into the genetic diversity of P. vivax with large sample size from across the country for better understanding of the vivax malaria transmission patterns.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Characterization of Plasmodium vivax Isolates from Pakistan Using Circumsporozoite Protein (PvCSP) and Merozoite Surface Protein-1 (PvMSP-1) Genes as Genetic Markers

Bibi

Fatima

Rani

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…These SMI have been validated and summarized in numerous excellent reviews [ ]. Furthermore, regional and national studies regularly report SMI in many malaria-endemic regions when diagnoses by microscopy/RDTs have been coupled with more sensitive and specific nucleic acid amplification (NAA) strategies (14 manuscripts in 6 months of 2015 alone: AFRO -6 [19][20][21][22][23][24]; EMRO -1 [25]; SEARO -2 [26,27] [31]). Although microscopy and RDTs help to achieve goals of malaria control, and RDTs have helped to significantly reduce widespread overtreatment with antimalarial drugs [32], these surveys indicate that malaria elimination (the absence of all parasites) requires more sensitive infection detection strategies to prevent transmission [17 && ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria diagnosis for malaria elimination

Zimmerman

Howes

2015

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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“…In Eastern Africa, cases of P. vivax malaria are mostly reported from Ethiopia and Eritrea, reports of P. vivax malaria in Sudan are few [ 11 ]. However, one of the characteristics of P. vivax infection is the low parasite densities, leading researchers to underestimate the real prevalence of P. vivax infection in endemic areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax metacaspase 1 and Plasmodium vivax multi-drug resistance 1 genes of field isolates from Mauritania, Sudan and Oman

Sow

Bonnot

Ahmed

et al. 2017

Malar J

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Background Plasmodium vivax is the second most important human malaria parasite, widely spread across the world. This parasite is associated with important issues in the process toward malaria elimination, including potential for relapse and increased resistance to chloroquine. Plasmodium vivax multi-drug resistant (pvmdr1) is suspected to be a marker of resistance although definitive evidence is lacking. Progress has been made in knowledge of biological factors affecting parasite growth, including mechanisms of regulated cell death and the suspected role of metacaspase. Plasmodium vivax metacaspase1 (PvMCA1-cd) has been described with a catalytic domain composed of histidine (H372) and cysteine (C428) residues. The aim of this study was to test for a link between the conserved histidine and cysteine residues in PvMCA1-cd, and the polymorphism of the P. vivax multi-drug resistant gene (pvmdr1).ResultsThirty P. vivax isolates were collected from Mauritania, Sudan, and Oman. Among the 28 P. vivax isolates successfully sequenced, only 4 samples showed the conserved His (372)–Cys (428) residues in PvMCA1-cd. Single nucleotide polymorphisms observed were H372T (46.4%), H372D (39.3%), and C428R (85.7%). A new polymorphic catalytic domain was observed at His (282)–Cys (305) residues. Sequences alignment analysis of pvmdr1 showed SNP in the three codons 958, 976 and 1076. A single SNP was identified at the codon M958Y (60%), 2 SNPs were found at the position 976: Y976F (13%) and Y976V (57%), and 3 SNPs were identified at the position 1076: F1076L (40%), F1076T (53%) and F1076I (3%). Only one isolate was wildtype in all three codons (MYF), 27% were single MYL mutants, and 10% were double MFL mutants. Three new haplotypes were also identified: the triple mutant YVT was most prevalent (53.3%) distributed in the three countries, while triple YFL and YVI mutants (3%), were only found in samples from Sudan and Mauritania.ConclusionsTriple or quadruple mutants for metacaspase genes and double or triple mutants for Pvmdr1 were observed in 24/28 and 19/28 samples. There was no difference in the frequency of mutations between PvMCA1-cd and Pvmdr1 (P > 0.2). Histidine and cysteine residues in PvMCA1-cd are highly polymorphic and linkage disequilibrium with SNPs of Pvmdr1 gene may be expected from these three areas with different patterns of P. vivax transmission.

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Molecular genetic analysis of Plasmodium vivax isolates from Eastern and Central Sudan using pvcsp and pvmsp-3α genes as molecular markers

Cited by 20 publications

References 91 publications

Genetic Characterization of Plasmodium vivax Isolates from Pakistan Using Circumsporozoite Protein (PvCSP) and Merozoite Surface Protein-1 (PvMSP-1) Genes as Genetic Markers

Genetic Characterization of Plasmodium vivax Isolates from Pakistan Using Circumsporozoite Protein (PvCSP) and Merozoite Surface Protein-1 (PvMSP-1) Genes as Genetic Markers

Malaria diagnosis for malaria elimination

Genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax metacaspase 1 and Plasmodium vivax multi-drug resistance 1 genes of field isolates from Mauritania, Sudan and Oman

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