Molecular genetic aspects of early diagnosis and personalized treatment of obliterating atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries

Abstract

Obliterating atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries (OALLA) is a multifactorial disease, which results from the complex influence of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Nowadays the role of about 50 single‑nucleotide genetic polymorphisms (SNPs) has been proven in the pathogenesis of OALLA. Conducting the genetic screening and determining the susceptibility to the development of OALLA will allow for the timely prevention of the disease by modifying the lifestyle and diet. Since the mere presence of a genetic mutation does not always lead to the synthesis of a defective protein, the treatment of the disease can begin even before the onset of clinical symptoms, but only after the detection of the earliest pathological biochemical markers of the disease, in this case — endothelial dysfunction. The use of modern methods of molecular biology, with consideration of the molecular genetic characteristics of the patient, will allow timely prevention, early diagnosis of the disease after detection of biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction, individualization of the choice of conservative drugs, and therefore increase in their effectiveness and safety, delay of the start of surgical treatment and reduction of disability in patients with OALLA.