Molecular-Genetic Features of Methicillin-Resistant S. Aureus, Have Got From the Persons of the Penitentiary System, Infected With Hiv

Khokhlova, Olga E.; Акушева, Д. Н.; Peryanova, Olga V.; Koretskaya, N. M.; Abarnikova, O.V.; Korol’kova, E.K.; Belousova, Yu.N.; Salamatina, O.V.; Bezruchkina, T.N.; Knyazeva, K.M.; Shogzhal, I.S.; Поткина, Н. К.; Elyart, V.E.; Yamamoto, Tatsuo

doi:10.20333/2500136-2018-2-13-18

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…Быстрое формирование устойчивости микроорганизмов к современным антибактериальным препаратам требует поиска все новых, альтернативных методов терапии [5,9,13], одним из которых может стать использование наночастиц металлов. Наночастицы экологически не опасны, обладают бактерицидной активностью [6,10,15], а также имеют низкую себестоимость, что играет немаловажную роль при решении вопроса их выбора.…”

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Metal nanoparticle antibacterial effect оn antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria

Удегова

Гильдеева

Рукосуева

et al. 2021

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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The rapid formation of microbial resistance to modern antibacterial drugs requires to search for new, alternative therapies. It is known that some organisms, such as plants, algae, fungi, are able to convert inorganic metal ions into metal nanoparticles due to the recovery process carried out by proteins, sugars and metabolites contained in the tissues and cells of these organisms. At the same time, many plants (e.g., plantain, yarrow, wormwood, turmeric long, calendula, marsh bagulnik, etc.) and metals (copper, silver, gold, zinc, etc.) themselves have antibacterial properties, so that metal nanoparticles obtained by biological method, or via “Green” synthesis method, from extracts of such plants can become a current alternative to many modern antibacterial drugs. The antibacterial mechanism of action of nanoparticles depends on the type of microorganisms affected, as well as on the type of nanoparticles, their concentration, size, and how they are obtained. Based on this, the study of the antibacterial effect of nanoparticles is one of the promising directions of solving the problem of microbial antibiotic resistance. There was examined antibacterial effect of metal nanoparticles containing silver, copper and gold obtained by biological method from the salts of AgNO3, CuSO4, H[AuCl4] metals, respectively, and the extract of the plant — turmeric long (lat. Curcuma longa) — related to the following bacteria strain collection: E. coli (ATCC 25922), S. aureus (ATCC 25923), MRSA (ATCC 38591) and polyresistant clinical strains isolated from patients of the Regional clinical hospital (Krasnoyarsk) — К. рneumoniae, strain 104, P. аeruginosa, strain 40, P. аeruginosa, strain 215, А. baumannii, strain 210, А. baumannii, strain 211. Study allowed to identify the minimum suppressive concentration of nanoparticles by the method of serial dilutions (MUK 4.2.1890-04) with azurin dye. It was proved that metal nanoparticles exhibit different antibacterial efficacy depending on the type of nanometals used and bacterial cultures. Copper nanoparticles have the highest antibacterial activity, and gold nanoparticles have the lowest. The most marked antibacterial effect was observed against clinical polyresistant strains. Metal nanoparticles can become an alternative to the currently known antibacterial drugs, but despite the high efficiency of nanoparticles against polyresistant to antibacterial drugs microorganisms in vitro, it is necessary to take into account their possible toxic effect on live tissues, which requires further study in experiments in vivo.

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Metal nanoparticle antibacterial effect оn antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria

Удегова

Гильдеева

Рукосуева

et al. 2021

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Hiv-Infected Subjects: Microflora, Antibiotic Resistance: Dependence on the Levels of Cd4 Lymphocytes

Акушева¹,

Khokhlova²,

Камшилова³

et al. 2019

Med. immunol.

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Purulent inflammatory diseases of various types and etiology comprise major causes of death among the HIV-infected individuals. The purpose of this work was to determine a variety of communityacquired pathogens causing pneumonia, their antibiotic resistance profiles, and dependence on the CD4 lymphocyte levels, as well as identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus species and their molecular genetic characteristics in HIV-infected patients from the Krasnoyarsk City. Over the period of 2012 to 2016, we have examined 152 HIV-infected patients at the Clinical Pulmonology Department with a verified diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia. Sputum specimens, bronchoalveolar lavage, pleural fluid, washings, pleural pus, as well as nasal and pharyngeal smears were studied for microflora, and blood tests for sterility were performed in these patients, by means of bacteriological techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity was determined by the disc diffusion method; drug sensitivity of staphylococci was performed by screening, PCR technique, serial dilution in semi-solid medium, according to the CLSI and EUCAST recommendations. PCR, M-PCR, and gene sequencing were applied for genotyping and determination of their genetic features. The results were processed with WHONET digital program (WHO). The significance level was p < 0.05. During the entire study period, the yeast-like fungi of Candida genus (30.4 and 35.6%) were consistently isolated from HIV-infected patients. These microorganisms were isolated in a pure cultures at etiologically significant amounts from one-third of the HIV-infected cohort. At the same time, they formed active associations, mostly with Enterobacteriaceae family members. At the same time, Candida fungi were most frequently detected in the lower respiratory tract of those HIV-infected persons who showed severe immunodeficiency (CD4 cell levels < 200 cells/µl). We have also isolated non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria (12.9%), staphylococci (8.9%), and Enterobacteriaceae (4.4%). The microorganisms were characterized by polyresistance to antimicrobial agents. The MRSA clone circulating in the HIV-infected cohort was characterized as ST239/spa3(t037) /agr1/SCCmecIII.1.1.2 (IIIA)/coaIV/tst+ with high virulence and multiresistance levels. Hence, we have found a number of poly-resistant microorganisms playing a role for development of community-acquired pneumonia in HIV-infected patients, i.e., Candida spp, Gram-negative microorganisms, MRSA, often presenting a component of microbial associations. Candida fungi were detected most often in the HIV-infected individuals with severe immunodeficiency, at the CD4 level of < 200 cells/µl. High detection frequency of such microflora requires some modifications of antimicrobial therapy in HIV-infected subjects affected by the community-acquired pneumonia.

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Molecular-Genetic Features of Methicillin-Resistant S. Aureus, Have Got From the Persons of the Penitentiary System, Infected With Hiv

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Metal nanoparticle antibacterial effect оn antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria

Metal nanoparticle antibacterial effect оn antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria

Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Hiv-Infected Subjects: Microflora, Antibiotic Resistance: Dependence on the Levels of Cd4 Lymphocytes

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