Molecular Genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in Humans in the Andimeshk County, Southwestern Iran

Mirrezaie, Ehsanallah; Beiromvand, Molouk; Tavalla, Mehdi; Teimoori, Ali; Mirzavand, Somayeh

doi:10.2478/s11686-019-00051-x

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An overall G. duodenalis prevalence of near 8% was estimated by microscopy examination in the surveyed general population of Khuzestan Province. This figure is well in the range with those (2-11%) previously reported in this geographical area [19,20,32,34,35]. In this regard, an average prevalence of 30% has been estimated in a recent systematic review and meta-analysis study focusing in Iranian children populations [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Success amplification rates at the gdh, bg, and tpi loci varied from 8% to 23%. These figures were lower than those (51%-58%) achieved by our research team in a previous survey conducted in Andimeshk County, north of Khuzestan Province [34]. The reasons for these discrepancies are unclear, but limited sensitivities of PCRs based in single-copy genes (as it is the case for the gdh, bg, and tpi loci used in our MLG scheme) may explain, at least partially, this situation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

“…These surveys coincide to identify assemblage A, sub-assemblage AII as the predominant G. duodenalis genetic variant circulating in Iranian human population. Khuzestan Province, with a prevalence ranging from 2% to 11%, is considered an endemic area for giardiasis in Iran [19,20,32,[34][35][36]. However, available epidemiological data are restricted to people living in urban settings, with those inhabiting rural areas being largely neglected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, previous studies have relied on microscopy examination only, and those using molecular approached were based in single-locus analyses. Therefore, little is known about the frequency and genotypic diversity of G. duodenalis in human and animal populations in the province [19,20,34]. An overall G. duodenalis prevalence of near 8% was estimated by microscopy examination in the surveyed general population of Khuzestan Province.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Association between Giardia assemblages and clinical symptoms has been investigated in several molecular surveys with discrepant results [34,[50][51][52][53]. Host adaptive immunity driven by G. duodenalis-assemblage specific responses may play a role in the observed differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in Southwestern Iran. A community survey

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Giardia duodenalis is one of the main enteric pathogens associated with diarrheal disease. In developing countries, giardiasis is a major public health concern, particularly in children under five years of age. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and genetic diversity of G. duodenalis causing human infections in Shushtar County, Southwestern Iran. Individual faecal specimens were collected from 1,163 individuals (male/female ratio: 0.9; age range 2-75 years) with (n = 258) and without (n = 905) gastrointestinal symptoms living in rural and urban settings during the period 2017-2018. Conventional (sucrose flotation and microscopy) methods were used for the initial detection of G. duodenalis cysts in faecal specimens. Microscopy-positive samples were confirmed by PCR amplification and sequencing of the small subunit rRNA (ssu rRNA) gene of the parasite. A multilocus genotyping (MLG) scheme targeting the triose phosphate isomerase (tpi), the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and the beta-giardin (bg) genes was used for genotyping purposes. Giardia duodenalis cysts were detected in 7.7% (90/1,163) of samples by microscopy, of which 82 were confirmed by ssu-PCR. Successful amplification and sequencing results were obtained for 23.2% (19/82), 9.8% (8/82), and 8.5% (7/82) of the confirmed samples at the tpi, gdh, and bg loci, respectively. MLG data for the three loci were available for two samples only. Out of the 24 samples genotyped at any loci, 50% (12/24) were identified as assemblage A and the remaining half as assemblage B. Overall, AII was the most prevalent sub-assemblage detected (41.7%, 10/ 24), followed by BIII (25.0%, 6/24), discordant BIII/BIV (5/24) or AII/AIII (2/24) sequences, and BIV (1/24). No significant correlation was demonstrated between a given assemblage/ sub-assemblage and the occurrence of clinical symptoms. No genotypes adapted to animal hosts other than humans (e.g. assemblages C-F) were found circulating in the investigated human population, suggesting that transmission of human giardiasis in this Iranian region is primarily of anthroponotic nature. Further molecular-based studies are needed to confirm and expand these results, and to ascertain the presence and public health relevance of the parasite in environmental (e.g. drinking water) samples.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%