“…Ultrastructural ISH for mRNA, which was first described by Jacob et al [5], has further been developed by several investigators [4, 6-9, 11-13, 18-25] and has been carried out in the three different approaches: preembedding method [4, 12-14, 20, 23, 25], ultrathin frozen sections [9,18,19], postembedding method [6-9, 12, 14]. In recent years, we have developed a non-radioisotopic EM-ISH method using biotinylated synthesized oligonucleotide probes for the ultrastructural visualization of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) mRNAs in rat pituitary cells, and have applied this method to pathophysiological studies of pituitary cells [12][13][14].…”