Molecular identification and phylogeny of Steinernema and Heterorhabditis nematodes and their efficacy in controlling the larvae of Aedes aegypti, a major vector of the dengue virus

Subkrasae, Chanakan; Ardpairin, Jiranun; Dumidae, Abdulhakam; Janthu, Pichamon; Meesil, Wipanee; Muangpat, Paramaporn; Tandhavanant, Sarunporn; Thanwisai, Aunchalee; Vitta, Apichat

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106318

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This was followed by the identification of numerous species found in one study included S. websteri , S. khoisanae , H. indica , H. bacteri-ophora and H. baujardi [ 15 ], and subsequently, S. websteri reported from lower northern Thailand [ 16 , 17 ]. At present, 15 EPN species representing a variety of ecological soil types in different geographic regions of Thailand have been reported including, S. siamkayai , S. surkhetense , S. websteri (synonym S. carpocapsae ), S. scarabiae , S. kushidai , S. minutum , S. khoisanae , S. longicaudum , S. guangdongense , S. huense , S. sangi , H. indica (synonym H. gerrardi ), H. baujardi (synonym H. somsookae ), H. bacteiophora and H. zealandica [ 15 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 28 , 35 , 36 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. In addition, three Steinernema isolates ( Steinernema sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several symbiotic bacteria strains have been used to test mosquitocidal activity against the larvae of Aedes species [ 20 , 38 , 49 , 51 ]. In addition, some EPN strains were reported to be pathogens for the larvae of mosquitoes [ 41 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. This indicated that both symbiotic bacteria and EPNs may be employed to control insects living in water and might be useful in the development of biocontrol agents for the control of mosquitoes and other disease vectors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Their Symbiotic Bacteria from the National Parks of Thailand and Larvicidal Property of Symbiotic Bacteria against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus

Thanwisai

Muangpat

Meesil

et al. 2022

Biology

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Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are insect parasitic nematodes of the genera Het-erorhabditis and Steinernema. These nematodes are symbiotically associated with the bacteria, Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus, respectively. National parks in Thailand are a potentially rich resource for recovering native EPNs and their symbiotic bacteria. The objectives of this study are to isolate and identify EPNs and their bacterial flora from soil samples in four national parks in Thailand and to evaluate their efficacy for controlling mosquito larvae. Using a baiting method with a Galleria mellonella moth larvae and a White trap technique, 80 out of 840 soil samples (9.5%) from 168 field sites were positive for EPNs. Sequencing of an internal transcribed spacer resulted in the molecular identification of Heterorhabditis nematode isolates as H. indica, H. baujardi and Heterorhabditis SGmg3, while using 28S rDNA sequencing, Steinernema nematode species were identified as S. guang-dongense, S. surkhetense, S. minutum, S. longicaudum and one closely related to S. yirgalemense. For the symbiotic bacterial isolates, based on recA sequencing, the Photorhabdus spp. were identified as P. luminescens subsp. akhurstii, P. luminescens subsp. hainanensis and P. luminescens subsp. australis. Xenorhabdus isolates were identified as X. stockiae, X. indica, X. griffiniae, X. japonica and X. hominickii. Results of bioassays demonstrate that Photorhabdus isolates were effective on both Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Therefore, we conclude that soil from Thailand’s national parks contain a high diversity of entomopathogenic nematodes and their symbiotic bacteria. Photorhabdus bacteria are larvicidal against culicine mosquitoes and may serve as effective biocontrol agents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Their Symbiotic Bacteria from the National Parks of Thailand and Larvicidal Property of Symbiotic Bacteria against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus

Thanwisai

Muangpat

Meesil

et al. 2022

Biology

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“…Sterile water without EPNs was used as a control. Infected insects were kept in individual wells of 12-well culture plates with a double layer of wet filter paper at 25°C and 70 ± 5% RH with a photoperiod of 14 h light and 10 h dark (14 l:10 D) and checked for mortality every 6 h postinfection ( Subkrasae et al, 2022 ). In each experiment, 10 insects were infected with each density, and each experiment was performed independently at least 5 times.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabonomics reveals that entomopathogenic nematodes mediate tryptophan metabolites that kill host insects

Zhang

Wang²,

Zhao³

2022

Front. Microbiol.

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The entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Steinernema feltiae, which carries the symbiotic bacterium Xenorhabdus bovienii in its gut, is an important biocontrol agent. This EPN could produce a suite of complex metabolites and toxin proteins and lead to the death of host insects within 24–48 h. However, few studies have been performed on the key biomarkers released by EPNs to kill host insects. The objective of this study was to examine what substances produced by EPNs cause the death of host insects. We found that all densities of nematode suspensions exhibited insecticidal activities after hemocoelic injection into Galleria mellonella larvae. EPN infection 9 h later led to immunosuppression by activating insect esterase activity, but eventually, the host insect darkened and died. Before insect immunity was activated, we applied a high-resolution mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach to determine the hemolymph of the wax moth G. mellonella infected by EPNs. The results indicated that the tryptophan (Trp) pathway of G. mellonella was significantly activated, and the contents of kynurenine (Kyn) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA) were markedly increased. Additionally, 3-HAA was highly toxic to G. mellonella and resulted in corrected mortalities of 62.50%. Tryptophan metabolites produced by EPNs are a potential marker to kill insects, opening up a novel line of inquiry into exploring the infestation mechanism of EPNs.

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Larvicidal activity of Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus bacteria isolated from insect parasitic nematodes against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

Subkrasae

Ardpairin²,

Dumidae³

et al. 2022

Acta Tropica

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Molecular identification and phylogeny of Steinernema and Heterorhabditis nematodes and their efficacy in controlling the larvae of Aedes aegypti, a major vector of the dengue virus

Cited by 4 publications

References 57 publications

Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Their Symbiotic Bacteria from the National Parks of Thailand and Larvicidal Property of Symbiotic Bacteria against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus

Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Their Symbiotic Bacteria from the National Parks of Thailand and Larvicidal Property of Symbiotic Bacteria against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus

Metabonomics reveals that entomopathogenic nematodes mediate tryptophan metabolites that kill host insects

Larvicidal activity of Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus bacteria isolated from insect parasitic nematodes against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

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