Molecular Identification of Candida Species in the Oral Microbiota of Individuals with Down Syndrome: A Case–Control Study

Maranhão, Fernanda Cristina de Albuquerque; Mendonça, Nayara Maciel; Teixeira, Thamires Costa; Lages, Gilvonete Alves da Costa Sobrinha; Filho, Eurípedes Alves da Silva; Silva, Denise Maria Wanderlei

doi:10.1007/s11046-020-00457-6

Cited by 6 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…73 In four separate studies, 140 Candida albicans-positive cultures were obtained following oral swab tests on 262 individuals with DS. 73,[77][78][79] Greater susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections, including streptococcal infections 80 and RSV infection, 22,81 has also been noted in individuals with DS. Nevertheless, there is still no sufficiently large cohort of individuals with DS to determine the overall prevalence of these infections.…”

Section: Infections and Mucocutaneous Abnormalities In Dsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferon-Driven Immune Dysregulation in Down Syndrome: A Review of the Evidence

Chung¹,

Green²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

JIR

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Down syndrome (DS) is a unique genetic disease caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, which carries four of the six interferon receptor (IFN-R) genes on its long arm. Recent studies reporting higher levels of interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression in primary immune cells studied ex vivo have suggested that the additional copies of the IFN-R genes in DS result in mild interferonopathy. In this review, we analyze the potential clinical and immunological impacts of this interferonopathy in DS. We performed a literature review to explore the epidemiology and risks of celiac disease, type 1 diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, mucocutaneous manifestations, infectious diseases (including COVID-19), and Alzheimer's disease in individuals with DS relative to the general population with or without iatrogenic exposure to interferons. We analyzed immunophenotyping data and the current experimental evidence concerning IFN-R expression, constitutive JAK-STAT activation, and ISG overexpression in DS. Despite the lack of direct evidence that implicating this mild interferonopathy directly in illnesses in individuals with DS, we highlight the challenges ahead and directions that could be taken to determine more clearly the biological impact of interferonopathy on various immune-related conditions in DS.

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Section: Infections and Mucocutaneous Abnormalities In Dsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferon-Driven Immune Dysregulation in Down Syndrome: A Review of the Evidence

Chung¹,

Green²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

JIR

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“…79 Furthermore, Candida species have been found to be more prevalent in DS. 80 Several species, including C. parapsilosis and C. dubliniensis are opportunistic pathogens in the oral cavity and have been associated with PD. 81,82 The combination of low salivary flow, impaired immune response, and altered electrolyte concentrations in DS creates a favorable environment for the growth of C. parapsilosis and C. dubliniensis.…”

Section: Propionibacterium Acnes Selenomonas Noxia Streptococcus Gord...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Candida species have been found to be more prevalent in DS 80 . Several species, including C. parapsilosis and C. dubliniensis are opportunistic pathogens in the oral cavity and have been associated with PD 81,82 .…”

Section: Predisposing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, DS patients exhibit high production of aspartyl proteolytic, proteinases, and phospholipases, which predispose them to more virulent Candida spp. infections 4,80 . Some acidogenic species such as C. parapsilosis , contribute to a decrease in salivary pH and trigger the activation of aspartyl proteinases 80 .…”

Section: Predisposing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…81,82 The combination of low salivary flow, impaired immune response, and altered electrolyte concentrations in DS creates a favorable environment for the growth of C. parapsilosis and C. dubliniensis. 80 Additionally, DS patients exhibit high production of aspartyl proteolytic, proteinases, and phospholipases, which predispose them to more virulent Candida spp. infections.…”

Section: Propionibacterium Acnes Selenomonas Noxia Streptococcus Gord...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Periodontal disease in down syndrome: Predisposing factors and potential non‐surgical therapeutic approaches

Ghaffarpour,

Karami‐Zarandi,

Rahdar

et al. 2024

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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BackgroundPeriodontal diseases (PDs) have been documented to be significantly more prevalent and severe in patients with Down syndrome (DS). Different immunological and microbiological factors contributed to predisposing these patients to progressive and recurrent PDs.AimThe aim of this review was to investigate the altered immunological responses and oral microbiota disorders as well as focus on adjunctive non‐surgical methods for the treatment of PDs and its applicability in patients with DS.Material and MethodsA literature review was conducted addressing the following topics: (1) the altered immunological responses, (2) orofacial disorders related to DS patients, (3) oral microbiota changing, and (4) adjunctive non‐surgical treatment and its efficacy in patients with DS.ResultsDue to the early onset of PDs in children with DS, the need for prompt and effective treatment in these patients is essential.Discussion and ConclusionSo, investigating underlying factors may open a new window to better understand the pathology of PDs in DS people and thus, find better strategies for treatment in such group. Although non‐surgical treatments such as photodynamic therapy and probiotic consumption represented acceptable outcomes in different examined patients without DS, data about the application of these convenience and no need for local anesthesia methods in patients with DS is limited.

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Oral microbiome in down syndrome and its implications on oral health

Willis

Iraola-Guzmán

Saus

et al. 2020

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Molecular Identification of Candida Species in the Oral Microbiota of Individuals with Down Syndrome: A Case–Control Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Interferon-Driven Immune Dysregulation in Down Syndrome: A Review of the Evidence

Interferon-Driven Immune Dysregulation in Down Syndrome: A Review of the Evidence

Periodontal disease in down syndrome: Predisposing factors and potential non‐surgical therapeutic approaches

Oral microbiome in down syndrome and its implications on oral health

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