Molecular identification of Contracaecum rudolphii A and B (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from cormorants collected in a freshwater ecosystem of the pre-alpine area in Northern Italy

Carmeno, Camilla; Rusconi, Aurora; Castelli, Michele; Prati, Paola; Bragoni, Roldano; Santoro, Azzurra; Postiglione, Umberto; Sassera, Davide; Olivieri, Emanuela

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100674

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The cormorants collected from Pantelleria and Salso Lake revealed the exclusive presence of C. rudolphii B and C. rudolphii A, respectively. Our findings on the cormorant collected from Salso Lake are in agreement with evidence from Carmeno et al (2022) [ 12 ] on Contracaecum collected at Como Lake, showing a higher prevalence of C. rudolphii A detected, even as a single infection. This reverse trend can be traced back to the presence of wintering individuals experiencing different feeding behaviors during their seasonal migration cycles [ 12 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This study provided information regarding the members of C. rudolphii complex parasites of cormorants in a poorly investigated area, such as the south of Italy. The prevalence of Contracaecum observed in this study is comparable to evidence for P. carbo sinensis from Central and Northern Italy [ 4 , 12 ]. The results of this study on the occurrence of the two common taxa (A and B) of C. rudolphii s.l.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The sibling species C. rudolphii B was previously shown to be the most widespread taxa, constituting the largest sibling fraction as the endemic species, while cormorants originating from the breeding brackish lagoons and marine coastal environments of Northern Europe were infected by C. rudolphii A, probably acquired from their breeding sites or migration stopovers [ 12 ]. In this context, the physical properties of the aquatic ecosystems seem to contribute to maintaining the different occurrence of the C. rudolphii s.l.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…nematodes, showing very high intensity of infestation values and a prevalence of 100% [ 11 ]. However, most of the studies available in the literature are focused on the Northern Mediterranean, including the coasts of Sardinia [ 4 , 6 , 12 , 13 ]. As far as we know, the occurrence and molecular identification of C. rudolphii s.l.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Contracaecum rudolphii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (Blumenbach, 1978) from Southern Italy

Cammilleri

D’Amelio

Ferrantelli

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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In this study, four dead great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (Blumenbach, 1978) specimens, collected from the coasts and lakes of Southern Italy, were examined by necropsy for the detection of Contraceacum sp. The adults and larvae found were subjected to morphological analysis and molecular identification by PCR-RFLP. A total of 181 Contracaecum specimens were detected in all of the four great cormorants examined (prevalence = 100%), showing an intensity of infestation between nine and ninety-two. A co-infestation by adult and larval forms of Contracaecum rudolphii was found only in one of the great cormorants examined. Following molecular investigations, 48 specimens of C. rudolphii A and 38 specimens of C. rudolphii B were detected, revealing co-infestation solely for the great cormorant from Leporano Bay (Southern Italy). Our results showed an opposite ratio between C. rudolphii A and C. rudolphii B in Pantelleria and in Salso Lake (Southern Italy) compared to what was reported in the literature, probably due to migratory stopovers and the ecology of the infested fish species, confirming the role of Contracaecum nematodes as ecological tags of their hosts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Contracaecum rudolphii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (Blumenbach, 1978) from Southern Italy

Cammilleri

D’Amelio

Ferrantelli

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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“…A from brackish cormorants ( 38 ) and with C. rudolphii sp. B in cormorants from freshwater environments ( 50 ) have been reported later. It has been hypothesized that the observed differential spatial distribution of C. rudolphii sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Genetic diversity of Contracaecum rudolphii sp. A (Nematoda: Anisakidae) parasitizing the European Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis desmarestii from the Spanish Mediterranean coast

Roca-Geronès

Fisa²,

Montoliu³

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Sibling species of the Contracaecum rudolphii (s.l.) complex are habitual endoparasites of cormorants of the Phalacrocoracidae family, worldwide. In Europe, the two species, C. rudolphii sp. A and C. rudolphii sp. B, have been identified. However, information regarding the occurrence and distribution of these anisakids in cormorants from Spain is scarce. In the present study, 20 specimens of the European Shag, Ph. aristotelis desmarestii, from the western Mediterranean Spanish marine coast were parasitologically analyzed for the presence of nematodes. All hosts were found parasitized with Contracaecum specimens (n = 1,517). A representative subsample was genetically identified as C. rudolphii sp. A by sequence analysis of the mtDNA cox2 gene and the ITS1 and ITS2 regions of the rDNA. This represents the first report of C. rudolphii sp. A from the Spanish Mediterranean waters. Population genetic analysis was performed including other C. rudolphii sp. A specimens from the west Sardinian and the Tyrrhenian Sea. At the intraspecific level, a significant genetic differentiation (Fst ≈ 0.08, p < 0.00001) between the metapopulation from the Spanish Mediterranean coast and that from the Sardinian waters was observed; whereas, no differentiation was found between metapopulations of the parasite from the Spanish and the Tyrrhenian Italian coast. The findings highly support the hypothesis of the adaptation of the life cycle of C. rudolphii sp. A in brackish and marine ecosystems. Furthermore, the results on the population genetics of C. rudolphii sp. A suggest the possible role of the migration routes of wintering populations of cormorants in the Mediterranean Sea in influencing the parasite genetic structure.

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Molecular and morphological studies onContracaecum rudolphiiA andC. rudolphiiB in great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) from Italy and Israel

Caffara,

Tedesco,

Davidovich

et al. 2023

Parasitology

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The distribution of parasites is shaped by a variety of factors, among which are the migratory movements of their hosts. Israel has a unique position to migratory routes of several bird species leaving Europe to winter in Africa, however, detailed studies on the parasite fauna of birds from this area are scarce. Our study investigates occurrence and distribution of sibling species among Contracaecum rudolphii complex in Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis from Italy and Israel, to acquire further information on the geographical range of these species to gain deeper knowledge on the ecology of these parasites and their bird host. A total of 2383 Contracaecum were collected from the gastric mucosa of 28 great cormorants (18 from Israel and 10 from Italy). A subsample was processed for morphological analyses in light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and for molecular analyses through amplification and sequencing of the ITS rDNA and the cox2 mtDNA, and through PCR-RFLP. All the 683 Contracaecum subjected to molecular identification belonged to C. rudolphii s.l., (300 C. rudolphii A and 383 C. rudolphii B). SEM micrographs provided, for the first time, details of taxonomic structures in male specimens from both sibling species, and the first SEM characterization of C. rudolphii B. This work presents the first data on the occurrence of sibling species of C. rudolphii in Israel and provides additional information on the distribution of C. rudolphii A and B in Italy, confirming the high prevalence and intensity of infection observed in Ph. carbo sinensis from other Italian areas.

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Molecular identification of Contracaecum rudolphii A and B (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from cormorants collected in a freshwater ecosystem of the pre-alpine area in Northern Italy

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Identification of Contracaecum rudolphii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (Blumenbach, 1978) from Southern Italy

Identification of Contracaecum rudolphii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (Blumenbach, 1978) from Southern Italy

Genetic diversity of Contracaecum rudolphii sp. A (Nematoda: Anisakidae) parasitizing the European Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis desmarestii from the Spanish Mediterranean coast

Molecular and morphological studies onContracaecum rudolphiiA andC. rudolphiiB in great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) from Italy and Israel

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